Ultra-sensitive detection of Cu in water and infant formula using a carbon dot-embedded MIL-53 electrochemiluminescence sensor.

Food Chem

College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China; Jilin Province Research Center for Engineering and Technology of Spectral Analytical Instruments, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China. Electronic address:

Published: September 2025


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Article Abstract

This study synthesises a novel N-CQDs@MIL-53 composite via a hydro-thermal method for fabricating an electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensor to detect Cu ions. The sensor delivers remarkable performance in detecting Cu ions, achieving a broad detection range from 5 × 10 to 1 × 10 mol/L and a remarkable limit of detection of 1.44 × 10 mol/L. This innovative approach exhibits high efficiency in analysing Cu both in infant formula and water samples, yielding results comparable to those obtained using the standard ICP method. Notably, the N-CQDs@MIL-53 composite based ECL sensor outperforms its counterpart fabricated using standalone N-CQDs, offering enhanced sensitivity and a wider linear detection range. Moreover, the integration of N-CQDs into MIL-53 considerably enhances the composite's storage stability. This approach provides a simple, and cost-effective strategy for Cu analysis in actual samples; in addition, it introduces a key concept of enhancing the performance of CQD-based ECL sensors by incorporating them into metal organic frameworks (MOFs).

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.144338DOI Listing

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