Explainable artificial intelligence for predicting inflammatory signatures and spatial molecular heterogeneity from nasal polyp histology.

Background: Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps (CRSwNP) is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by diverse inflammatory signatures and endotypes.

Objective: To develop a histology-based deep learning network for predicting inflammatory gene signatures and spatial patterns in CRSwNP.

Methods: We developed HE2Signature, a deep learning model, using 70 H&E-stained whole-slide images (WSIs) of nasal polyps paired with corresponding endotypic signature gene expression profiles derived from transcriptomic data.

High-precision stereo calibration for 3D measurement via speckle-enhanced circular control point matching.

High-precision stereo calibration is essential for achieving accurate 3D vision measurements. Marker-based calibration methods, such as the checkerboard and circular markers, are widely adopted for their robustness and high accuracy. However, the checkerboard is relatively sensitive to noise, while circular markers suffer from eccentricity errors.

Behavioral and transcriptomic responses of wild least horseshoe bats to artificial light.

Artificial light has altered nighttime environments, jeopardizing the fitness of organisms. While many nocturnal animals avoid artificial light, the molecular mechanisms behind this phenomenon remain elusive. This study aimed to explore the behavioral and transcriptomic responses of least horseshoe bats () to artificial light.

Astilbin from Smilax china L. remarkably inhibits LPS-induced endometritis in rats via blocking positive feedback between TLR4 and IL-6R signalling pathways in a PPAR-γ-dependent manner.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Astilbin (ATB), a natural flavonoid compound with anti-inflammatory bioactivities, can be isolated from Smilax china L., which has been used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) (including endometritis). Our previous studies reported that flavonoids from Smilax china rhizome (FSCR) have therapeutic effects in rats with PID.

The Role of Mitochondrial Quality Control in Liver Diseases: Dawn of a Therapeutic Era.

The liver is a vital metabolic organ that detoxifies substances, produces bile, stores nutrients, and regulates versatile metabolic processes. Maintaining normal liver cell function requires the prompt and delicate modulation of mitochondrial quality control (MQC), which encompasses a spectrum of processes such as mitochondrial fission, fusion, biogenesis, and mitophagy. Recent studies have shown that disruptions to this homeostatic status are closely linked to the advent and progression of a variety of acute and chronic liver diseases, including but not limited to alcohol-associated liver disease and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease.

The Serial Mediation Effects of Social Support and Self-Efficacy on Health Literacy and Self-Management Behaviors Among Young and Middle-Aged Cardiac Patients After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Cross-Sectional Study in China.

Background: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a significant public health concern affecting an increasing number of young and middle-aged adults. Effective self-management is essential to promote the recovery and quality of life of patients with CHD after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and is closely related to health literacy. However, little is known about the underlying mechanisms of this association.

ALOX15 M2 macrophages contribute to epithelial remodeling in eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.

Background: Epithelial remodeling is a prominent feature of eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (eCRSwNP), and infiltration of M2 macrophages plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of eCRSwNP, but the underlying mechanisms remain undefined.

Objective: We sought to investigate the role of ALOX15 M2 macrophages in the epithelial remodeling of eCRSwNP.

Methods: Digital spatial transcriptomics and single-cell sequencing analyses were used to characterize the epithelial remodeling and cellular infiltrate in eCRSwNP.

Multimodal imaging findings of sarcomatoid carcinoma of the urinary bladder.

Sarcomatoid carcinoma, a rare and aggressive subtype of bladder cancer, accounting for 0.3% of cases, is more aggressive than urothelial carcinomas. Accurate diagnosis, crucial for treatment, can be challenging.

Mechanism of Smilax china L. in the treatment of intrauterine adhesions based on network pharmacology, molecular docking and experimental validation.

Background: Smilax china L. (SCL) is a traditional herbal medicine for the potential treatment of intrauterine adhesion (IUA). However, the mechanisms of action have not yet been determined.

Sarcomatoid hepatocellular carcinoma mimics hepatic abscess on contrast-enhanced ultrasound.

Sarcomatoid hepatocellular carcinoma (SHCC) is a rare subtype of hepatocellular carcinoma characterized by abdominal pain or persistent fever with an inflammatory reaction. Here, we report a case of SHCC mimicking hepatic abscess described by not only ultrasonography but also computer tomography. SHCC is a rare subtype of hepatocellular carcinoma characterized by epithelial and mesenchymal tumor features with sarcomatoid morphology.

Behavioral responses of cave-roosting bats to artificial light of different spectra and intensities: Implications for lighting management strategy.

Artificial light at night has become an emerging environmental pollutant, posing a serious threat to biodiversity. Cave-roosting animals are vulnerable to light pollution due to long-term adaptation to nocturnal niches, and the problem is especially severe in the context of cave tourism and limestone mining. Mitigating the adverse impacts of artificial light on cave-dwelling animals presents a challenge.

Artificial light affects foraging behavior of a synanthropic bat.

Artificial light at night has been considered an emerging threat to global biodiversity. However, the impacts of artificial light on foraging behavior in most wild animals remain largely unclear. Here, we aimed to assess whether artificial light affects foraging behavior in Asian parti-colored bats (Vespertilio sinensis).

A Novel Fluorescence Sensor for Iodide Detection Based on the 1,3-Diaryl Pyrazole Unit with AIE and Mechanochromic Fluorescence Behavior.

A D-A type of luminophore, TPA-CDP, was designed and synthesized by using triphenylamine (TPA) as D (electron donor), 1,3-diaryl pyrazole with cyano groups (CDP) as A (electron acceptor) and employing a cyanovinyl segment as a recognition group. Firstly, TPA-CDP demonstrates effective fluorescence quenching as a sensor for I by the nucleophilic addition reaction of the cyanovinyl segment with a high level of sensitivity, selectivity and a low determination limit of 4.43 μM.

Imaging findings of succinate dehydrogenase-deficient renal cell carcinoma.

Key Clinical Message: A 50-year-old man with a mass located in the left kidney was described by multimodal images, including ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. After surgical resection of the mass, pathological examination confirmed succinate dehydrogenase-deficient renal cell carcinoma.

Abstract: Succinate dehydrogenase-deficient renal cell carcinoma (SDH-deficient RCC) is a malignant tumor in the kidney associated with the loss of mitochondrial enzyme II.

The Mediating Effect of Self-Efficacy on Health Literacy and Social Support in Young and Middle-Aged Patients with Coronary Heart Disease After PCI.

Objective: To investigate the mediating effect of self-efficacy in the relationship between social support and health literacy among young and middle-aged patients with coronary heart disease following PCI.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on convenience samples of 325 young and middle-aged patients with coronary heart disease who underwent PCI within 1 to 3 months. The data were collected from the outpatient department of a tertiary general hospital in Wenzhou, China, between July 2022 and February 2023.

Imaging findings of superficial angiomyxoma in the eye socket.

Key Clinical Message: A 23-year-old male with a tumor in the eye socket was characterized by multimodal images, including ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. After admission, surgical resection of the tumor was performed and superficial angiomyxoma was confirmed. Two years later, this tumor recurred in the same location.

Dysfunction of GluN3A subunit is involved in depression-like behaviors through synaptic deficits.

Background: N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) has been implicated in the pathophysiology of depression. However, as the unique inhibitory subunit of NMDARs, the role of GluN3A in depression is largely unclear.

Methods: Firstly, expression of GluN3A was examined in a mouse model of depression induced by chronic restraint stress (CRS).

Imaging manifestations of small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the ureter.

Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (SCNEC) of the ureter is a rare malignant tumor originating from the metaplasia of urothelial cells. This report presents a case of ureteral SCNEC that was preliminarily disclosed by computed tomography; thereafter, transabdominal ultrasonography, transrectal ultrasonography, and magnetic resonance urography were performed to characterize the mass.

Herbal formula Jiawei Xiaochengqi decoction prevents postoperative abdominal adhesion in a rat model through inhibition of CXCL2-CXCR2 pathway.

Background: Postoperative abdominal adhesion (PAA) is the most common complication after abdominal surgeries, which can lead to intestinal obstruction, chronic abdominal pain or female infertility. Jiawei Xiaochengqi decoction (JWXCQ) is a hospital preparation widely used for PAA treatment in Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University for more than twenty years.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects and potential mechanism of JWXCQ against PAA and provide beneficial information for its clinical application.

Airport noise disturbs foraging behavior of Japanese pipistrelle bats.

The expansion of anthropogenic noise poses an emerging threat to the survival and reproductive success of various organisms. Previous investigations have focused on the detrimental effects of anthropogenic noise on the foraging behavior in some terrestrial and aquatic animals. Nevertheless, the role of airport noise in impairing foraging activities of most wild animals has been neglected.