Effects of Polarization Behavior on Wake-Up and Fatigue of Hafnium-Based Ferroelectric Thin Films.

The pronounced wake-up and fatigue phenomena in HfO-based ferroelectric materials present significant reliability challenges, limiting their potential in microelectronic applications. In this study, high-quality (Hf, Zr)O (HZO) thin-film capacitors are fabricated and their ferroelectric behavior is systematically explored under unipolar and bipolar electric field cycling. It is observed that transient overshoot during polarization switching under bipolar fields induces metal─O (Hf─O/Zr─O) bond breakage, creating oxygen vacancy defects that cause inevitable fatigue and increased leakage current.

The potential of efferocytosis for the treatment of bronchial asthma: A review of current trends, mechanisms and prospects.

As a chronic inflammatory disease of the lungs, bronchial asthma is closely associated with three key characteristics: airway inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness, and airway remodeling. The long-term infiltration of multiple inflammatory cells into the airway interstitium results in damage to the airway epithelial barrier. Macrophages, as the primary immune cells responsible for the clearance of damaged and apoptotic cells from the asthmatic airways, phagocytose asthmatic cells through a series of efferocytosis phases, including the "find me," "eat me," and "digest" phases.

Recent developments of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in respiratory system diseases: A review.

The emergence of extracellular vesicles with nanostructure characteristics signifies a novel acellular therapeutic approach at the nanoscale, influencing cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, as well as serving as vehicles for precise drug delivery. Substantial evidence supports their involvement in tissue regeneration, immune modulation, targeted tumor diagnosis and therapy effects. This review seeks to establish a theoretical framework for investigating the impact of extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells on respiratory system disorders in future research.

[Retracted] Placenta‑derived mesenchymal stem cells improve airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation in asthmatic rats by modulating the Th17/Treg balance.

Following the publication of the above paper, it was drawn to the Editor's attention by a concerned reader that, regarding the flow cytometric plots shown in Fig. 4A and B, and Fig. 4D and E, respectively on p.

Electrospun Silver-Modified PZT/PVDF Composites for High-Performance Piezoelectric Energy Harvester.

Piezoelectric materials based on polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) are widely regarded as ideal candidates for the fabrication of piezoelectric energy harvesters (PEHs). However, the relatively low power output of PVDF limits its widespread application and poses a significant challenge to the advancement of PEHs. To address this issue, we have designed a novel PEH using silver-modified lead zirconate titanate/PVDF (pPZT@Ag/PVDF), which achieves a remarkable balance between high output performance and long-term stability.

Herbal formula Jiawei Xiaochengqi decoction prevents postoperative abdominal adhesion in a rat model through inhibition of CXCL2-CXCR2 pathway.

Background: Postoperative abdominal adhesion (PAA) is the most common complication after abdominal surgeries, which can lead to intestinal obstruction, chronic abdominal pain or female infertility. Jiawei Xiaochengqi decoction (JWXCQ) is a hospital preparation widely used for PAA treatment in Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University for more than twenty years.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects and potential mechanism of JWXCQ against PAA and provide beneficial information for its clinical application.

Resveratrol Inhibits High Glucose-Induced H9c2 Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy and Damage via RAGE-Dependent Inhibition of the NF-B and TGF-1/Smad3 Pathways.

Hyperglycaemia is associated with the development of cardiac vascular disease. Resveratrol (RES) is a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound that possesses many biological properties, including anti-inflammatory properties and antioxidation functions. Our study aimed to explore the RES's protective roles on high glucose (HG)-induced H9c2 cells and the underlying mechanisms.

Transcriptome sequencing analysis of primary fibroblasts: a new insight into postoperative abdominal adhesion.

Purpose: The specific genes or pathways in fibroblasts responsible for the pathogenesis of postoperative abdominal adhesion (PAA) remain to be elucidated. We aim to provide a new insight into disease mechanisms at the transcriptome level.

Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were used to establish a PAA model.

Aldose Reductase Inhibitor Engeletin Suppresses Pelvic Inflammatory Disease by Blocking the Phospholipase C/Protein Kinase C-Dependent/NF-κB and MAPK Cascades.

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a common inflammation in the upper reproductive tract in women and may cause serious and costly consequences without effective treatment. Engeletin is a flavanonol glycoside and a naturally derived aldose reductase (AR) inhibitor that is widely distributed in vegetables, fruits, and plant-based foods. The present study investigated the anti-PID activity of engeletin in a mucilage-induced rat model of PID and LPS-stimulated RAW 264.

CXC Chemokine Receptors in the Tumor Microenvironment and an Update of Antagonist Development.

Chemokine receptors, a diverse group within the seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor superfamily, are frequently overexpressed in malignant tumors. Ligand binding activates multiple downstream signal transduction cascades that drive tumor growth and metastasis, resulting in poor clinical outcome. These receptors are thus considered promising targets for anti-tumor therapy.

Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines in Postoperative Abdominal Adhesion.

Adhesion is a frequent complication after abdominal surgery. Although various methods have been applied to prevent and treat postoperative abdominal adhesion (PAA), few modern drugs designed for clinical applications have reached the expected preventive or therapeutic effect so far. There is an imperative to develop some new strategies for the treatment of PAA.

The flavonoid-enriched extract from the root of Smilax china L. inhibits inflammatory responses via the TLR-4-mediated signaling pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Smilax china L. has been used clinically to treat various inflammatory disorders with a long history.

Aim Of The Study: To investigate the mechanisms underlying anti-inflammatory action of the extract from the herb.

Sodium aescinate significantly suppress postoperative peritoneal adhesion by inhibiting the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway.

Background: Although mechanical barriers and modern surgical techniques have been developed to prevent postoperative adhesion formation, high incidence of adhesions still represents an important challenge in abdominal surgery. So far, there has been no available therapeutic drug in clinical practice.

Purpose: In this study, we explored the efficacy of sodium aescinate (AESS) treatment against postoperative peritoneal adhesions, the potential molecular mechanism was also investigated.

Yinning Tablet, a hospitalized preparation of Chinese herbal formula for hyperthyroidism, ameliorates thyroid hormone-induced liver injury in rats: Regulation of mitochondria-mediated apoptotic signals.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Hyperthyroidism is closely associated with liver injury. The preliminary clinical observation suggests that Yinning Tablet, a hospitalized preparation of traditional Chinese formula for hyperthyroidism, improves not only hyperthyroidism, but also hyperthyroidism-associated liver injury.

Aim: To evaluate the effect and underlying mechanisms of Yinning Tablet on thyroid hormone-induced liver injury.

[Up-regulation of atrial natriuretic peptide and GATA3 levels in peripheral blood of children with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis].

Objective To investigate the relationship between changes in atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) signal and GATA3 expression in peripheral blood of children with bronchiolitis, and to explore the possible mechanism of ANP signal in the pathogenesis of bronchiolitis.Methods 20 normal children, 16 children with mild bronchiolitis, and 14 medium-severe children were enrolled. ELISA was used to detect the level of ANP and interleukin-4(IL-4) in plasma.

The Changes of Th17/Treg and Related Cytokines: IL-17, IL-23, IL-10, and TGF-β in Respiratory Syncytial Virus Bronchiolitis Rat Model.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of bronchiolitis and hospitalization that lead to high morbidity and mortality among young infants. T helper 17 (Th17) cells and regulatory T cells (Tregs) play essential roles in the pathogenesis of autoimmune, cancer, and inflammatory diseases. However, whether changes in T-cell subsets are related to the systemic immune responses in RSV-caused bronchiolitis merit further investigation.

Placenta‑derived mesenchymal stem cells improve airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation in asthmatic rats by modulating the Th17/Treg balance.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess reparative and immunoregulatory properties, representing a hope for stem cell‑based treatments. However, the mechanisms by which transplanted MSCs affect T helper (Th)17/regulatory T cell (Treg) balance in asthma patients remain unclear. The aim of the present study was to assess the therapeutic effects of human placenta MSCs (hPMSCs) in asthma, and explore the underlying mechanisms; in addition, the impact of hPMSCs transplantation on Th17/Treg balance in lymph and serum samples from asthmatic animals was evaluated.

[γ-secretase inhibitor MW167 reduces the level of GATA3 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in children with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis].

Objective To study the changes of GATA3 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of children with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis after γ-secretase inhibitor (GSI) MW167 blocks Notch signaling. Methods The study enrolled 30 patients with RSV bronchiolitis and 25 normal controls. PBMCs were separated and divided into normal control group, RSV group, and MW167 treated group.

[The level of RORγt increases in rat lung tissues of bronchiolitis caused by respiratory syncytial virus].

Objective: To study the level of retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor γt (RORγt) in rat lung tissues of bronchiolitis caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and its implication.

Methods: The rats were randomly divided into normal group and bronchiolitis group. After the model of bronchiolitis was established successfully by nasal dripping, the pathological changes of lung tissues were detected by HE staining; the plasma levels of interleukin 23 (IL-23), IL-17 were detected by ELISA; the level of RORγt mRNA in lung tissues and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were detected by real-time quantitative PCR; the level of RORγt protein in lung tissues was examined by Western blotting.

[Changes and the clinical significance of CD4⁺ CD25⁺ regulatory T cells and Th17 cells in peripheral blood of infants with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis].

Aim: To observe the percentages of CD4(+);CD25(+); regulatory T cells (Tregs) and Th17 cells and the levels of IL-10, TGF-β and IL-17 in peripheral blood of infants with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis. The relationship between above cells, cytokines and RSV bronchiolitis was determined.

Methods: Thirty-three infants with RSV bronchiolitis, twenty-eight infants with non-RSV pneumonia and twenty-six healthy infants were enrolled.

[Relationship between variation of coxsackievirus B3 VP1 sequence from cerebrospinal fluid of children and severity of damage to central nervous system].

Objective: To investigate the possible relationship between variation of coxsackievirus B3 (CoxB3) VP1 sequence from cerebrospinal fluid of children with severe and mild central nervous system (CNS) infection and damage to CNS in children from Shandong province.

Methods: The enteroviruses were detected using VP1 typing and sequencing primer for enteroviruses from 73 enterovirus-infected cases confirmed by detection of cerebrospinal fluid by enteroviruses common primer. VP1 sequences (450 nucleotides) were determined and analyzed for 21 CoxB3 enteroviruses strains isolated in Qingdao and Binzhou, and were compared with that of BLAST search procedures from GeneBank in NCBI.