Computational glycosyltransferases masked deoxynivalenol toxicity and halted FHB spread in wheat grains.

Introduction: Contamination of cereal grains by deoxynivalenol (DON) poses a significant threat to food safety. This toxic secondary metabolite, produced by F. graminearum, acts as a virulent factor to promote mycelium spread in plant tissue.

Risk of complications associated with prolonged post-operative hospitalization and postoperative outcomes in elderly patients with high BMI undergoing elective total knee arthroplasty.

Background: The primary aim of our investigation is to conduct a detailed, stratified, and controlled examination concerning the body mass index (BMI) of elderly individuals who have undergone total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Methods: Based on preoperative BMIs, 135 knees (37 men and 98 women, 75 years or older) were categorized into normal-weight ( = 41), overweight ( = 49), and obese ( = 45) groups. The duration of follow-up was 32.

[Effectiveness and safety analysis of simultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasty in treatment of patients aged 65 years and younger with bilateral knee osteoarthritis].

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness and safety of simultaneous bilateral total knee athroplasty (SB-TKA) for the treatment of patients aged 65 years and younger with bilateral knee osteoarthritis (KOA) by comparing with patients undergoing unilateral total knee arthroplasty (U-TKA).

Methods: A clinical data of patients, who underwent primary TKA for KOA and met the selection criteria between June 2019 and July 2023, was retrospectively analyzed, including 181 patients in the U-TKA group and 52 patients in the SB-TKA group. The baseline data of age, gender, disease duration, body mass index, and preoperative hemoglobin (Hb), knee range of motion (ROM), Oxford knee score (OKS), and visual analogue scale (VAS) score for pain were compared between the two groups, with no significant difference ( >0.

Iturin and fengycin lipopeptides inhibit pathogenic Fusarium by targeting multiple components of the cell membrane and their regulative effects in wheat.

Biocontrol microorganisms and their derived metabolites with antagonistic activity represent promising alternatives to chemical fungicides in managing plant pathogens. The lipopeptides (LPs) iturin and fengycin derived from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens S76-3 exhibit highly inhibitory effects against pathogenic fungi, especially Fusarium graminearum (Fg), the primary pathogen causing Fusarium head blight (FHB) in cereals. However, the specific target of iturin and fengycin in Fg and the underlying mechanism of antagonistic activity remain unclear.

Development of genome-wide insertion/deletion markers and genetic diversity in along the Beibu Gulf of China.

, a marine species of substantial medicinal and commercial importance, requires genetic enhancement to boost its production yield. However, progress in genetic research and selective breeding has been constrained by two critical limitations: the scarcity of available molecular markers and the absence of systematic genetic diversity assessments across China's Beibu Gulf. To address these challenges, our genome-wide investigation identified 168,771 InDel variations, from which we developed 25,558 primer pairs.

Dual-Fluorinated Ni Single Atom Catalyst for Efficient Artificial Photosynthetic Diluted CO Reduction.

The development of efficient photocatalysts to convert dilute CO from flue gas into high value-added products is a promising approach to achieving carbon neutrality. In this work, a dual-fluorinated Ni single atom photocatalyst is reported for the photoreduction of diluted CO to CO. Under a dilute CO (10%) atmosphere, TPB-SA2F-Ni achieves the highest reported CO yield (30344.

Individualized tumor-reactive T cells exhibit a potent anti-tumor response in prostate cancer.

Background: Cellular immunotherapy exhibits promise in treating blood tumors. However, its application for solid tumors is impeded by their heterogeneity and complex microenvironments. The development of individualized multitarget therapy may be the key to overcoming the challenge of tumor heterogeneity.

Efficacy and neural mechanisms of approach bias modification training in patients with internet gaming disorder: A randomized clinical trial.

Background: Internet gaming disorder (IGD) is a prevalent behavioral addiction linked to neural alterations and significant negative outcomes. Approach bias modification (ApBM) training aims to correct imbalances in reflective and impulsive systems, reducing cravings and addictions. This study examined the effectiveness of ApBM training in IGD patients and explored the brain response changes associated with the intervention.

Synth-CLIP: Synthetic data make CLIP generalize better in data-limited scenarios.

Prompt learning is a powerful technique that enables the transfer of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) like CLIP to downstream tasks. However, when the prompt-based methods are fine-tuned solely on base classes, they often struggle to generalize to novel classes lacking visual samples during training, especially in scenarios with limited training data. To address this challenge, we propose an innovative approach called Synth-CLIP that leverages synthetic data to enhance CLIP's generalization capability for base classes and the general capability for novel classes.

Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells combined with platelet-rich plasma are superior options for the treatment of osteoarthritis.

Background: There is currently no definitive treatment for osteoarthritis. We examined the therapeutic effects and underlying mechanisms of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs), individually or in combination, in a rat model of anterior cruciate ligament-induced degenerative osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. This study seeks to advance clinical approaches to OA treatment.

AI-Driven Diagnostic Assistance in Medical Inquiry: Reinforcement Learning Algorithm Development and Validation.

Background: For medical diagnosis, clinicians typically begin with a patient's chief concerns, followed by questions about symptoms and medical history, physical examinations, and requests for necessary auxiliary examinations to gather comprehensive medical information. This complex medical investigation process has yet to be modeled by existing artificial intelligence (AI) methodologies.

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop an AI-driven medical inquiry assistant for clinical diagnosis that provides inquiry recommendations by simulating clinicians' medical investigating logic via reinforcement learning.

Novel heterozygous variant of causes pathogenic variation in CONDSIAS.

Adprhl2 (OMIM: 610624) mutation associated stress-induced childhood-onset neurodegeneration with variable ataxia and seizures (CONDSIAS, OMIM: 618170) is a sporadic neurodegenerative disease with poor prognosis. encodes ADP-ribosylhydrolase 3 (ARH3), which participates in ADP-ribosylation to remove poly-ADP ribose (PAR). We found a new compound heterozygous mutation in the gene c.

Midpoint transverse process to pleura block for postoperative analgesia following laparoscopic renal cyst decortication: Two case reports.

Background: The midpoint transverse process to pleura (MTP) block, a novel technique for thoracic paravertebral block (TPVB), was first employed in laparoscopic renal cyst decortication.

Case Summary: Thoracic paravertebral nerve block is frequently employed for perioperative analgesia during laparoscopic cyst decortication. To address safety concerns associated with TPVBs, we administered MTP blocks in two patients prior to administering general anesthesia for laparoscopic cyst decortication.

Regulates Vegetative Growth, Pathogenicity and Linoleic Acid Biosynthesis in .

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), as important components of lipids, play indispensable roles in the development of all organisms. ∆12 fatty acid desaturase () is a speed-determining step in the biosynthesis of PUFAs. Here, we report the characterization of in which is the prevalent agent of Fusarium head blight, a destructive plant disease worldwide.

Detoxifying bacterial genes for deoxynivalenol epimerization confer durable resistance to Fusarium head blight in wheat.

Fusarium head blight (FHB) and the presence of mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) pose serious threats to wheat production and food safety worldwide. DON, as a virulence factor, is crucial for the spread of FHB pathogens on plants. However, germplasm resources that are naturally resistant to DON and DON-producing FHB pathogens are inadequate in plants.

The Cooperation Regulation of Antioxidative System and Hormone Contents on Physiological Responses of and under Simulated Drought Environment.

Drought-induced metabolic dysregulation significantly enhances the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which, in turn, exerts a substantial influence on the oxidation-reduction regulatory status of cells. These ROS, under conditions of drought stress, become highly reactive entities capable of targeting various plant organelles, metabolites, and molecules. Consequently, disruption affects a wide array of metabolic pathways and eventually leads to the demise of the cells.

Utilization of a Novel Soil-Isolated Strain FS10-7 for Deoxynivalenol Degradation and Biocontrol of Fusarium Crown Rot in Wheat.

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is the most widespread mycotoxin contaminant hazardous to human and animal health globally. It acts as a crucial virulence factor to stimulate the spread of pathogenic within wheat plants. Control of DON and disease contributes enormously to food safety, which relies on chemical fungicides.

The efficacy and safety of hydroxychloroquine versus leflunomide in patients with IgA nephropathy: a single-center experience.

Purpose: To date, our understanding of IgA nephropathy (IgAN) pathophysiology has remained incomplete; therefore, treatment remains largely empiric, and the efficacy and safety of immunosuppressants remain controversial. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of hydroxychloroquine and leflunomide therapy in a retrospective cohort of patients with IgAN.

Methods: We screened the IgAN registration database in our department, and a total of 159 kidney patients with biopsy-confirmed IgAN were enrolled, with 57 patients receiving hydroxychloroquine plus a renin-angiotensin system inhibitor (hydroxychloroquine group), 52 patients receiving leflunomide plus a renin-angiotensin system inhibitor (leflunomide group), and 50 patients receiving only a renin-angiotensin system inhibitor (renin-angiotensin system inhibitor-only group).

Wallerian Degeneration Assessed by Multi-Modal Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Cervical Spinal Cord Is Associated With Neurological Impairment After Spinal Cord Injury.

While Wallerian degeneration (WD) is a crucial pathological process induced with spinal cord injury (SCI), its underlying mechanisms is still understudied. In this study, we aim to assess structural alterations and clinical significance of WD in the cervical cord following SCI using multi-modal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which combines T2*-weighted imaging and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). T2*-weighted images allow segmentation of anatomical structures and the detection of WD on macrostructural level.

Fecal microbiota transplantation combined with prebiotics ameliorates ulcerative colitis in mice.

To investigate the effect of treatment with fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and galacto- and fructo-oligosaccharides on ulcerative colitis (UC) in mice. A total of 90 mice, divided into nine groups, were administered FMT or prebiotics or combined treatment. The disease activity index scores, gut microbiota and inflammation factors were evaluated.

Effects of ketogenic diet on the classification and functional composition of intestinal flora in children with mitochondrial epilepsy.

The ketogenic diet (KD) has shown excellent performance in the treatment of refractory epilepsy, but how it works is not yet fully understood. Gut microbiota is associated with various neurological disorders through the brain-gut axis. Different dietary patterns have different effects on the composition and function of gut microbiota.

Exploration of Artemisinin Against IgA Nephropathy via AKT/Nrf2 Pathway by Bioinformatics and Experimental Validation.

Background: Artemisinin (ART) is a safe and effective antimalarial drug. In recent years, antimalarial drugs have demonstrated a good therapeutic efficacy in IgA nephropathy, suggesting that this may become a new treatment option.

Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the effect and mechanism of artemisinin in IgA nephropathy.

Acteoside from Conandron ramondioides Reduces Microcystin-LR Cytotoxicity by Inhibiting Intracellular Uptake Mediated by OATP1B3.

The hepatotoxin microcystin-LR is a strong inhibitor of serine/threonine protein phosphatase (PP) 1 and PP2A. The onset of its cytotoxicity depends on its selective uptake via the hepatocyte uptake transporters, organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) 1B1 and OATP1B3. Understanding and preventing the cytotoxicity of microcystin-LR is crucial to maintain human health.