Active regulation of the epidermal growth factor receptor by the membrane bilayer.

Cell surface receptors transmit information across the plasma membrane to connect the extracellular environment to intracellular function. While the structures and interactions of the receptors have been long established as mediators of signaling, increasing evidence suggests that the membrane itself plays an active role in both suppressing and enhancing signaling. Identifying and investigating this contribution have been challenging owing to the complex composition of the plasma membrane.

Efficacy and safety of single-dose suraxavir marboxil tablet in the treatment of acute uncomplicated influenza in adults: a multi-centre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 clinical trial.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of suraxavir marboxil (GP681, abbreviated as suraxavir) in adults with uncomplicated influenza.

Methods: We conducted a multi-centre randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial in 18 Chinese centres. Participants had to be aged 18 to 65 years with a positive influenza test, presenting with at least one influenza systemic and respiratory symptom in at least moderate severity within 48 hours of onset.

Case report: Rituximab combined with plasma exchange treatment for systemic lupus erythematosus complicated with thrombotic microangiopathy and non-cirrhotic portal hypertension.

Introduction: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) complicated by thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) and non-cirrhotic portal hypertension (NCPH) is rare. We present a case of a female patient with SLE who developed TMA and NCPH and responded positively to rituximab and plasma exchange treatment.

Case Description: A 53-year-old woman was admitted with 6 h of confusion.

Single-dose suraxavir marboxil for acute uncomplicated influenza in adults and adolescents: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial.

Suraxavir marboxil (GP681) is an antiviral drug inhibiting the polymerase acidic protein (PA) of RNA polymerase, of influenza. It has shown therapeutic activity against influenza A and B virus infections in preclinical studies. In this multicenter randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial, we aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of single-dose suraxavir marboxil (40-mg oral dose) in otherwise healthy outpatients aged 5-65 years with uncomplicated influenza unaccompanied by severe issues.

MDA5-positive dermatomyositis without muscle weakness and rash: a case report and literature review.

Melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5)-positive dermatomyositis (DM) is a rare systemic autoimmune disease associated with a high rate of mortality attributable to rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease. MDA5-positive DM is often complicated by a typical rash and muscle weakness. Herein, we describe a 50-year-old woman who presented with worsening pulmonary symptoms with an absence of typical clinical characteristics.

AI-Driven Diagnostic Assistance in Medical Inquiry: Reinforcement Learning Algorithm Development and Validation.

Background: For medical diagnosis, clinicians typically begin with a patient's chief concerns, followed by questions about symptoms and medical history, physical examinations, and requests for necessary auxiliary examinations to gather comprehensive medical information. This complex medical investigation process has yet to be modeled by existing artificial intelligence (AI) methodologies.

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop an AI-driven medical inquiry assistant for clinical diagnosis that provides inquiry recommendations by simulating clinicians' medical investigating logic via reinforcement learning.

Protein-A immunoadsorption combined with immunosuppressive treatment in refractory primary Sjögren's syndrome coexisting with NMOSD: a case report and literature review.

The treatment of primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) coexisting with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) using protein-A immunoadsorption combined with immunosuppressive therapy has rarely been reported. Herein, we present the case of a 35-year-old female diagnosed with pSS concomitant with NMOSD (pSS-NMOSD) who demonstrated a positive response to protein-A immunoadsorption after failing to respond to therapy comprising high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone (IVMP) and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). Within one week of receiving three sessions of immunoadsorption combined with immunosuppressive treatment, the patient's clinical symptoms (blurred vision, paraparesis, and dysfunctional proprioception) significantly improved.

Potential role of RhoA GTPase regulation in type interferon signaling in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Objective: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by abnormal activation of the type I interferon (IFN) pathway, which results in tissue inflammation and organ damage. We explored the role of the RhoA GTPase in the type I IFN activation pathway to provide a potential basis for targeting GTPase signaling for the treatment of SLE.

Methods: Total RNA was extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of SLE patients and healthy controls, and the mRNA expression levels of RhoA and IFN-stimulated genes were measured by SYBR Green quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction.

Severe pneumonia with empyema caused by and co-infection: a case report.

Empyema is a common complication of pneumonia, caused by the accumulation of purulent exudate due to pathogenic bacteria invading the pleural cavity. and are pathogens that rarely cause pneumonia with empyema. Herein, a case of severe empyema caused by these two pathogens, confirmed by metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) of pleural effusion cultures, is reported.

The RhoA GTPase regulates Type I Interferon Signaling in Systemic lupus erythematosus.

Objective: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by abnormal activation of the type I interferon (IFN) pathway, which results in tissue inflammation and organ damage. We explored the role of the RhoA GTPase in the type I IFN activation pathway to provide a potential basis for targeting GTPase signaling for the treatment of SLE.

Methods: Total RNA was extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of SLE patients and healthy controls, and the mRNA expression levels of RhoA and IFN-stimulated genes were measured by SYBR Green quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction.

CD4 T cell count in HIV/TB co-infection and co-occurrence with HL: Case report and literature review.

In the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected population, especially HIV with concomitant tuberculosis (TB) or Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL), numerous risk factors have been reported in recent years. Among them, the decreased CD4 T cell count was recognized as the common risk factor. We report a case of a patient with HIV and TB and HL co-occurrence, in which patient's CD4 T cell count was inconsistent with disease.

BNIP3 overexpression may promote myeloma cell apoptosis by enhancing sensitivity to bortezomib via the p38 MAPK pathway.

Background: BCL2-interacting protein 3 (BNIP3) expression varies among cancers, and its role in myeloma cells remains unknown. We investigated the role of overexpression in myeloma cells, and particularly its effects on apoptosis and mitochondria.

Methods: A BNIP3-overexpressing plasmid was transfected into the MM.

An integrated strategy combining network toxicology and feature-based molecular networking for exploring hepatotoxic constituents and mechanism of Epimedii Folium-induced hepatotoxicity in vitro.

Epimedii Folium (EF), a commonly used herbal medicine to treat osteoporosis, has caused serious concern due to potential hepatotoxicity. Until now, its intrinsic hepatotoxic mechanism and hepatotoxic ingredients remain unclear. Here, a novel high-throughput approach was designed to investigate the intrinsic hepatotoxic of EF.

Efficacy and safety of azathioprine plus prednisone versus prednisone alone as first-line treatment for antinuclear antibody-positive immune thrombocytopenia: a retrospective cohort study.

Objective: Antinuclear antibody (ANA)-positive immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) patients have an unsatisfactory prognosis due to the more severe conditions of these patients and poor response to first-line glucocorticoids (GCs). The current study intended to compare the efficacy and safety of AZA plus prednisone and prednisone alone as first-line treatment in ANA-positive ITP patients.

Methods: Fifteen ANA-positive ITP patients receiving AZA plus prednisone (AZA + GC group) and eighteen ANA-positive ITP patients receiving prednisone alone (GC group) as first-line treatment were retrospectively enrolled.

Revealing active components and action mechanism of Fritillariae Bulbus against non-small cell lung cancer through spectrum-effect relationship and proteomics.

Background: Fritillariae Bulbus (FB) is widely used as a traditional medicine for the treatment of lung meridian diseases. It has been proved that FB has good anti-non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) activity. However, the active components and potential mechanism are still not clear.

Clinical features and high-risk indicators of central nervous system involvement in primary Sjögren's syndrome.

Background: Evidence for central nervous system involvement in primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) patients is controversial and extremely limited. We aimed to describe the clinical profiles and high-risk indicators of primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) patients with central nervous system (CNS) involvement (pSS-CNS).

Methods: A total of 412 participants with pSS from a hospital in China from January 2012 to December 2019 were enrolled in the retrospective study.

Chemometrics integrated with in silico pharmacology to reveal antioxidative and anti-inflammatory markers of dandelion for its quality control.

Background: Dandelion is an herb with high nutritional and medicinal values, which has been listed in Chinese Pharmacopeia, European Pharmacopoeia and British Pharmacopoeia, gaining increasing acceptance around the world. However, the current quality control of dandelion is lagging behind. Only in Chinese Pharmacopeia, cichoric acid is used as a marker compound for its quality evaluation, whereas, it can not comprehensively reflect the bioactivity of dandelion.

Fabrication and Electrical Characterization of High Aspect Ratio Through-Silicon Vias with Polyimide Liner for 3D Integration.

High aspect ratio (HAR) through-silicon vias (TSVs) are in urgent need to achieve smaller keep-out zones (KOZs) and higher integration density for the miniaturization of high-performance three-dimensional (3D) integration of integrated circuits (IC), micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS), and other devices. In this study, HAR TSVs with a diameter of 11 μm and an aspect ratio of 10:1 are successfully fabricated in a low-cost process flow. Conformal polyimide (PI) liners are deposited using a vacuum-assisted spin coating technique, and the effects of spin coating time and speed on the deposition results are discussed.

Ligand-induced transmembrane conformational coupling in monomeric EGFR.

Single pass cell surface receptors regulate cellular processes by transmitting ligand-encoded signals across the plasma membrane via changes to their extracellular and intracellular conformations. This transmembrane signaling is generally initiated by ligand binding to the receptors in their monomeric form. While subsequent receptor-receptor interactions are established as key aspects of transmembrane signaling, the contribution of monomeric receptors has been challenging to isolate due to the complexity and ligand-dependence of these interactions.

Simultaneous Presentation of Multiple Myeloma and Lung Cancer: Case Report and Gene Bioinformatics Analysis.

Patients diagnosed with more than one cancer generally develop the individual tumors sequentially. There are a few cases of co-occurring multiple myeloma and lung cancer reported in the literature. Here, we report two cases of co-occurring multiple myeloma and lung cancer in patients who presented with the chief complaint of pain.