Combining quantitative lipidomics with meat quality traits to identify key lipids involved in intramuscular fat deposition in geese.

This study utilized the O2PLS model to successfully integrate multidimensional data from meat quality traits and quantitative lipidomics, identifying key lipids involved in lipid deposition in goose meat. Meat quality analysis showed higher intramuscular fat content in goose meat during the sexual maturity phase. Lipidomics techniques were subsequently applied to elucidate differences in breast muscle lipid profiles between the growth phase and sexual maturity phase.

Identification of genes and lncRNAs for intramuscular and subcutaneous fat deposition in ducks by transcriptome analysis.

The purpose of this study was to identify key lncRNAs and mRNAs involved in fat deposition of meat ducks based on whole transcriptome sequencing for intramuscular preadipocyte (IMP-0), intramuscular adipocyte after 4 days of induction (IMP-4), subcutaneous preadipocyte (SCP-0), and subcutaneous adipocyte after 4 days of induction (SCP-4). We found 1419 and 697 differentially expressed genes and lncRNAs in the IMP-0-vs-IMP-4 group, respectively. There were 2307 and 1180 differentially expressed genes and differential lncRNAs, respectively, in the SCP-0-vs-SCP-4 group.

Integrating lipidomics and machine learning to characterize lipid profile differences among goose breeds.

This study combined lipidomics technology with machine learning models to identify differences in intermuscular fat (IMF) between goose breeds and to screen for key lipid molecules. Here, we compared the meat quality characteristics and IMF lipid profiles of two goose breeds. The results showed that the meat quality traits of Yangzhou goose (YG) and Zhedong white goose (ZG) exhibited significant breed-specific differences, particularly in muscle color and physical properties.

Effects of Feather-Pecking Phenotype on Physiological and Neurobiological Characteristics and Gut Microbiota Profile of Goslings.

FP is a detrimental behavior for chickens, ducks, and geese associated with numerous physiological and neurobiological characteristics, which have been identified in many species as regulated by the gut microbiota. However, it is unknown whether and how gut microbiota influences FP by regulating neurotransmitter systems in geese. This study aimed to investigate the phenotypic correlation between feather pecking and changes in physiological, neurobiological, and gut microbiota profiles in gosling.

Generation of chicken induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from somatic cells using multi-lentiviral transduction and OAC2.

The chicken iPSCs have been successfully established and exhibit significant potential for the recovery and conservation of endangered avian species. However, the efficiency of induction remains quite limited. To enhance the induction system, a six-factor reprogramming approach incorporating OCT4, SOX2, NANOG, LIN28, KLF4, and C-MYC (OSNLKM) was employed via lentiviral infection, in combination with the small-molecule compound OAC2 and mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) feeder layers.

Comparative analysis of duck meat quality in different breeds and age.

Meat quality of ducks is influenced by factors such as breed, age, genotype and growing conditions. This study investigated growth performance, slaughter performance, meat quality, amino acid, nucleotide and fatty acid composition in ducks of different breeds and ages. Cherry Valley ducks showed superior feed efficiency, body weight, and meat yield.

Spatio-temporal scale identification of LUCC based on remote sensing images in Shenyang Economic Zone.

Determining the appropriate analysis of spatio-temporal scale characteristics of land use and land cover change (LUCC) can effectively reveal and grasp complex geographical phenomena and patterns. However, current methodologies often suffer from subjectivity, experimental errors, and limitations in spatial representation, as they typically rely on statistical data. There is an urgent need for innovative methods to identify spatial (grid-based) and temporal (time series) scales.

PHB1 and PHB2 positively regulate IFN-β production by targeting MAVS in ducks.

PHB1 and PHB2, two subunits of the mitochondrial prohibitin complex, are critical regulators of antiviral innate immunity. Ducks, as natural reservoirs for RNA viruses, exhibit unique antiviral mechanisms. RIG-I is a key receptor for recognizing RNA viruses in ducks.

Developmental characteristics of skeletal muscle in goose during the embryonic and early post-hatching periods.

Geese exhibit relatively low meat production and growth efficiency compared to broilers and ducks, with muscle fiber being key determinant of meat yield. The embryonic stage and early post-hatching period are critical for muscle fiber differentiation and hypertrophy. However, the muscle development of geese in these stages remains unclear.

Functional Equivalence of Insulin and IGF-1 in the In Vitro Culture of Chicken Primordial Germ Cells.

Background: Chicken Primordial Germ Cells (PGCs) are one of the few germ cells that can be cultured for a long time in vitro, but challenges remain such as low culture efficiency and unclear roles of nutrient factors and signaling pathways.

Method: In this study, protein kinase B (AKT) pathway activator insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) was screened for its ability to promote cell proliferation by transcriptome results using various inhibitors of pathway activation. The effects of IGF-1 on PGCs were evaluated through EdU assays, qRT-PCR, flow cytometry, and migration experiments.

Research note: Unveiling the impact of ovotransferrin on chicken primordial germ cells biological processes.

In the field of genetic breeding, primordial germ cells (PGCs) have become essential cells for gene editing and genetic improvement due to their unique developmental potential and genetic characteristics. However, the low proliferation efficiency and instability of culture systems pose significant challenges, severely limiting the application of PGCs in genetic breeding. In this study, the biological effects of ovotransferrin on chicken PGCs, focusing on its role in regulating key cellular processes.

An Inducible CYP19A1 Excision Model for Sexual Differentiation in Chicken () via the CRISPR/Cas9 System.

Aromatase, a crucial enzyme for estrogen synthesis, plays a vital role in gender determination and differentiation. This study aimed to establish an inducible knockout model of the chicken gene, which encodes aromatase, to support gender control in chickens. We selected the most efficient sgRNA target site and constructed an inducible knockout model based on the Tet-on system.

Exploring the Dietary Strategies of Coated Sodium Butyrate: Improving Antioxidant Capacity, Meat Quality, Fatty Acid Composition, and Gut Health in Broilers.

Background/objectives: Broiler chickens are excellent animals for protein production and play an essential role in the food industry. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of coated sodium butyrate (CSB) on the biochemical indices, antioxidant capacity, meat quality, fatty acid composition, and gut health of Xianju broilers.

Methods: A total of 192 one-day-old broilers were randomly divided into four treatment groups: the basal diet (CK), the basal diet with 250 mg/kg CSB (CSB250), the basal diet with 500 mg/kg CSB500 (CSB500), and the basal diet with 1000 mg/kg CSB (CSB1000).

Chicken Primordial Germ Cells Do Not Proliferate in Insulin-Lacking Media.

Insulin is an important component of stem cell cultures; however, its role in the proliferation of avian primordial germ cells (PGCs) is unknown. The proliferation of PGCs in cultures varies and the growth factors and signaling pathways necessary to induce the proliferation of PGCs in chickens are unknown. Therefore, we conducted the present study to investigate the effect of insulin on the survival and proliferation of PGCs.

Identification of key genes associated with residual feed intake in small-sized meat ducks through integrated analysis of mRNA and miRNA transcriptomes.

As a major producer and consumer of duck meat, China faces industry challenges due to low feed conversion efficiency. Residual feed intake (RFI), a key metric for poultry feed utilization, remains poorly characterized in small-sized meat ducks. We raised 1,000 ducklings with similar initial body weight (BW) under controlled conditions until 63 days of age.

Whole-genome resequencing reveals the population structure and domestication processes of endemic endangered goose breeds (Anser cygnoides).

In recent years, the dwindling population of these endangered geese has hindered our understanding of their phenotypic variations and the genes associated with important traits. To investigate the population structure and genetic diversity of this breed, the whole-genome data of 90 individuals from a conservation farm were obtained using the Illumina 6000 paired-end platform. The research results indicate that each locally endangered goose variety has formed a monophyletic population.

Analysis of Risk Factors of Feather Pecking Injurious Behavior in Experimentally Raised Yangzhou Goslings in China.

Feather pecking can influence the welfare and health concerns of all farmed poultry and affect production and economic aspects. Although some information is available about feather pecking behavior in chickens and ducks, the risk factors of feather pecking in goslings have not been fully demonstrated. In this study, 3-day-old Yangzhou goslings were chosen, and risk factors of feather pecking injurious behavior were investigated, including stocking density, rearing method, flock uniformity, and environmental enrichment.

Whole Transcriptome Sequencing Reveals miRNAs and ceRNA Networks in Duck Abdominal Fat Deposition.

Excessive deposition of abdominal fat will cause a waste of resources. In order to explore the key miRNAs and circRNA/lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA regulatory network involved in regulating abdominal fat deposition, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was performed on abdominal fat tissues of ducks in the high abdominal fat rate group (HF) and low abdominal fat rate group (LF) at 21 and 42 days of age, and whole transcriptome sequencing was performed on abdominal tissues of ducks in the HF and LF groups at 42 days of age. The results showed that the number of adipocytes in ducks in the HF group was significantly higher than that in the LF group at 21 days of age ( < 0.

Effects of Free-Range Systems on Muscle Fiber Characteristics and Welfare Indicators in Geese.

Recently, free-range poultry production has increased with notable benefits for animal welfare and meat quality traits. Geese, the third-most productive poultry species, have not been studied extensively. This study investigated the effects of different free-range systems on muscle fiber characteristics and welfare status (feather quality, walking ability, and behavioral changes) in Yangzhou geese.

Aflatoxin B1 impairs the growth and development of chicken PGCs through oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction.

Aflatoxins harm the reproductive system and gamete development in animals. Primordial germ cells (PGCs) in chickens, as ancestral cells of gametes, are essential for genetic transmission, yet the impact and mechanisms of aflatoxins on them remain elusive. This study systematically investigated the effects of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) on chicken PGCs and their potential mechanisms using an in vitro culture model.

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in Birds: Opportunities and Challenges for Science and Agriculture.

The only cells in an organism that could do any other sort of cell until 2006 (except sperm or egg) were known as embryonic stem cells, ESC [...

The full-length transcriptional of the multiple spatiotemporal embryo-gonad tissues in chicken (Gallus gallus).

Objectives: Chicken (Gallus gallus), as the most economically important poultry, is a classical and ideal model for studying the mechanism of vertebrate developmental biology and embryology. However, the sex determination and differentiation in chicken is still elusive, which limited the application and slowed down many basic studies in chicken.

Data Description: We applied PacBio Iso-seq to multiple spatiotemporal embryo-gonad tissues in the male and female chicken, which contain the blastoderm (E0, un-differentiation stage), genital ridge (E3.

CHIR99021 and Brdu Are Critical in Chicken iPSC Reprogramming via Small-Molecule Screening.

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) reprogrammed from somatic cells into cells with most of the ESC (embryonic stem cell) characteristics show promise toward solving ethical problems currently facing stem cell research and eventually yield clinical grade pluripotent stem cells for therapies and regenerative medicine. In recent years, an increasing body of research suggests that the chemical induction of pluripotency (CIP) method can yield iPSCs in vitro, yet its application in avian species remains unreported. Herein, we successfully obtained stably growing chicken embryonic fibroblasts (CEFs) using the tissue block adherence method and employed 12 small-molecule compounds to induce chicken iPSC formation.