Gut microbiota dysbiosis exacerbates polystyrene microplastics-induced liver inflammation via activating LPS/TLR4 signaling pathway in ducks.

Ubiquitous microplastics can bioaccumulate in organisms, resulting in detrimental health impacts, such as liver inflammation. Nonetheless, the exact mechanism by which polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) trigger liver inflammation via the gut-liver axis in ducks remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to clarify the impact of PS-MPs exposure to liver inflammation through the gut-liver axis in ducks.

Construction and differential analysis of testicular atlas between 10-week-old and 23-week-old ducks using single-cell RNA sequencing.

While spermatogenesis has been extensively characterized in mammals, its molecular underpinnings in avian species remain largely unexplored. To address this knowledge gap, we performed single-cell transcriptomic profiling of duck testes across developmental stages (10-week immature vs. 23-week mature).

Effects of Dietary Ginger () Rhizome Powder Supplementation on Productive Performance, Egg Quality, Antioxidant Capacity, and Hepato-Intestinal Morphology in Pre-Peak Xiaoshan Laying Hens.

Ginger powder (GP) has antioxidant properties and can be a suitable alternative to antibiotics in laying hen diets; however, research on its effects remains limited. Therefore, our study aimed to evaluate the impact of dietary GP supplementation on production performance during the pre-peak production stage. A total of 270 hens, 18 weeks old and averaging 1.

Transcriptomic Insights into the Protective Effects of Apigenin and Sodium Butyrate on Jejunal Oxidative Stress in Ducks.

Apigenin and sodium butyrate have been reported to help alleviate oxidative stress. This study evaluated the jejunal transcriptomic responses in ducks receiving apigenin and sodium butyrate supplementation under oxidative stress. In total, 200 healthy 300-day-old female Jinyun Ma ducks (1.

Investigating the correlation between phenotype, cecal microbiome, and serum metabolome in laying ducks with different shell strength.

Eggshell quality plays a critical role in the poultry industry, influencing both biological and economic outcomes. However, the factors determining eggshell strength in egg-laying ducks remain poorly understood. This study sought to explore phenotypic variations, gut microbiota composition, and serum metabolites in ducks with differing eggshell strengths to identify key microbial and metabolic factors affecting shell integrity.

Sodium butyrate attenuates lipid metabolism disorder via improving mitochondrial function and activating autophagy in LMH cells.

Hepatic steatosis is the main characteristic in fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome (FLHS), sodium butyrate (NaB) has been shown to modulate hepatic metabolism, alleviate oxidative stress and restore mitochondrial function. However, the effects of NaB on avian cellular models have yet to be thoroughly investigated. Leghorn male hepatocyte (LMH) cells, due to their immortal characteristics, provide a stable and reliable model for studying avian hepatocyte steatosis.

Polystyrene microplastics exacerbate mitophagy through mitochondrial dysfunction in the duck lung.

Microplastics (MPs) are widespread environmental pollutants that can enter the human body through the food chain, potentially leading to lung damage. However, the underlying mechanisms responsible for this damage remain unclear. Ducks, a commonly consumed poultry species in China, are particularly susceptible to MPs exposure due to their farming environment.

Influence of fermented feed on lipid composition and volatile flavor profile of duck eggs: Insights from multi-omics analysis.

This study employed a multi-omics approach to examine the impact of feed fermentation on the lipid profile and volatile flavor of duck eggs. Sensory evaluation and GC × GC-TOFMS analyses demonstrated that microbial fermentation in feed significantly reduced the off-odor of duck eggs. Among the thirty-nine differential volatile compounds identified, six-namely 3-methylbutanal, 1-octen-3-ol, hexanal, acetophenone, 2-heptanone, and 2-pentylfuran-were likely responsible for the alteration in yolk aroma.

Association of FOXO3 gene polymorphisms with egg-laying intervals in pigeon.

The egg-laying interval reflects the laying performance of pigeons and is affected by the mechanism of ovulation. The Forkhead box O3 (FOXO3) gene is closely associated with follicular development, playing roles in the regulation of follicular granulocyte proliferation, differentiation and periodic ovulation. The objective of this research was to analyze associations of polymorphisms of FOXO3 gene with egg-laying intervals in pigeon.

Dietary resveratrol alleviates liver and intestinal injury in ducks under cage rearing system.

Cage rearing is a promising farming method. However, our previous studies have demonstrated that changes in farming practices induce oxidative stress and inflammation in the liver and duodenum of ducks. Resveratrol (RES), a natural plant polyphenol, possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytoprotective properties.

Comparative Transcriptome Profiling of Ileal and Cecal Tissues Between Pekin Ducks and Shaoxing Ducks.

: Pekin ducks are well-known meat-type ducks, whereas Shaoxing ducks are bred for their egg-laying abilities. Growth and development of poultry species is well studied; however, very little is known regarding differences in intestinal gene expression between Pekin and Shaoxing ducks. : To investigate intestinal differences between Pekin and Shaoxing ducks, we conducted transcriptome analysis on ileal and cecal tissues from five 42-day-old ducks per breed, raised under identical housing and feeding conditions to minimize environmental influences.

Comparison of laying performance and egg quality between peak and late laying phases in Korean quail.

The decline in laying performance during the late laying period of poultry causes significant economic losses. This study aimed to investigate the differences in production performance-related parameters between peak (D120) and late (D330) laying phases in Korean quail (Coturnix japonica). A total of 200 D120 quails and 200 D330 quails were randomly divided into 8 groups, with 50 quails per group.

Global burden of ischemic stroke in adults aged 60 years and older from 1990 to 2021: Population-based study.

Background: Ischemic stroke is an important public health problem. However, comprehensive data on its burden in aging populations is limited. The aim of this study is to provide an up-to-date assessment of the prevalence, incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years, and risk factors for ischemic stroke globally in adults aged 60 years and older from 1990 to 2021 based on population changes.

Integrated 16S rRNA and metagenomic sequencing reveals the distribution of key antibiotic resistance genes in duck gut microbiota.

The duck gut microbiota is essential for host health and is considered a potential reservoir for antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). However, research on ARGs in the duck gut microbiota is limited. This study collected 120 intestinal content samples from five segments (duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, and colorectum) of ducks raised under two rearing conditions (with or without an open-air swimming pool).

Exploring the Dietary Strategies of Coated Sodium Butyrate: Improving Antioxidant Capacity, Meat Quality, Fatty Acid Composition, and Gut Health in Broilers.

Background/objectives: Broiler chickens are excellent animals for protein production and play an essential role in the food industry. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of coated sodium butyrate (CSB) on the biochemical indices, antioxidant capacity, meat quality, fatty acid composition, and gut health of Xianju broilers.

Methods: A total of 192 one-day-old broilers were randomly divided into four treatment groups: the basal diet (CK), the basal diet with 250 mg/kg CSB (CSB250), the basal diet with 500 mg/kg CSB500 (CSB500), and the basal diet with 1000 mg/kg CSB (CSB1000).

The integrated analysis of transcriptomics and metabolomics reveals the effects of tea polyphenols on lipid metabolism in lion-head geese.

Tea polyphenols are a class of natural plant compounds with potent antioxidant properties, and their critical role in regulating lipid metabolism has been demonstrated in numerous studies. However, systematic research on the effects of tea polyphenols on lipid metabolism in lion-head geese remains limited. In this study, we examined the impact of tea polyphenols on lipid metabolism in geese through an integrative analysis of transcriptomics and metabolomics.

Nine high-quality Anas genomes provide insights into Anas evolution and domestication.

Evolutionary studies of wild and domestic organisms have yielded fascinating discoveries, while the species diversity and the domestication of ducks remain unclear. Here, we assembled eight chromosome-level Anas genomes, combined with the Pekin duck genome, to investigate Anas evolution and domestication. We found that, compared to autosomes, the Z chromosome was less affected by introgression and exhibited relatively stable local phylogenies.

Interaction between cecal microbiota and liver genes of laying ducks with different residual feed intake.

Background: The gut microbiota exerts a critical influence on energy metabolism homeostasis and productive performance in avian species. Given the diminishing availability of arable land and intensifying competition for finite resources between livestock production and human populations, the agricultural sector faces dual imperatives to enhance productive efficiency while mitigating ecological footprints. Within this paradigm, optimizing nutrient assimilation efficiency in commercial waterfowl operations emerges as a strategic priority.

RNA sequencing analysis reveals key genes and pathways associated with feather pigmentation in mule ducks.

Feather color is an important morphological trait of poultry. At present, the reports on the inheritance of plumage color of mule ducks at the molecular level are few, and the regulatory mechanism in white plumage rates of different mule ducks remains unclear. This study aimed to broaden the understanding of the white plumage rates in mule ducks to improve their production value.

New insights into ovarian regression-related mitochondrial dysfunction in the late-laying period.

Duck egg production sharply decreases during the late-laying period, which likely stems from an ovarian mechanism. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying ovarian regression during the late-laying period remain unclear. In this study, egg-laying (LLP) and ceased-laying (CLP) ducks at 72 weeks of age were selected to explore the potential mechanism of ovarian regression.

Multi-omics elucidates the kidney damage caused by aquatic Cu via the gut-kidney axis in ducks.

Copper (Cu) is an essential trace element for biological growth and development. Excessive intake of Cu exists harmful effects on organisms. However, whether excessive Cu intake induces kidney function damage by gut microbiota regulation remains unclear.

Research note: Detection of IGF2BP2 gene polymorphism associated with growth and reproduction traits of pigeon.

The Insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2) gene is closely associated with the diseases, fat deposition, and growth and reproduction traits in animals. Investigations into the relationship between the IGF2BP2 gene polymorphism and growth and reproduction traits provide valuable breeding information for enhancing productivity and economic gains in pigeon. In this study, the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 13 exons and the 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) of the IGF2BP2 gene in 292 female pigeons Tianxiang 1 strain were detected through Sanger sequencing, and their association with pigeons' growth and reproduction traits were explored.

The difference between young and older ducks: Amino acid, free fatty acid, nucleotide compositions and breast muscle proteome.

Duck meat has a unique taste and nutritional value, but age probably affects meat quality. In this study, ducks of different ages (60-day-old, D60; 900-day-old, D900) were chosen, and the odor, taste, amino acid, nucleotide, and free fatty acid components of breast meat were evaluated to investigate the differences. The results showed that the amino acid contents of breast muscle in D900 ducks, especially in Asp (umami) and Thr (sweet), were richer than those in D60 ducks.

Effects of combined use of compound acidifiers and plant essential oils in feed on the reproductive performance and physiological status of Xianjv chickens.

This study investigates the effects of combined compound acidifiers and plant essential oils on the production performance, egg quality, and health parameters of Xianjv chickens. A total of 240 healthy 34-week-old Xianjv chickens were randomly divided into 5 groups and given 5 different feed additives: a control group with a basal diet, and four experimental groups with varying doses of compound acidifiers (CA) and essential oils (EO). The results revealed that the addition of compound acidifiers and essential oils did not significantly affect average daily feed intake, egg production rate, or feed-to-egg ratio.

Water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) emulsions with antioxidant and bacteriostatic capabilities: A preliminary exploration of food preservation films.

The development of stable water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) emulsions for edible preservation coatings and films, utilizing their properties, deserves scientific attention. In this study, oregano essential oil and D‑sodium erythorbate were simultaneously loaded into W/O/W emulsions, and the homogenization conditions of the W/O/W emulsions were optimized. The structure and interactions of gum Arabic (GA) and whey protein isolate (WPI) as the outer phase were analyzed.