Unveiling the symptom structure of major depressive disorder and exploring its role in treatment response.

Objective: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a heterogeneous clinical syndrome that is increasingly recognized as comprising multiple symptom factors. However, the optimal factor structure and its role in predicting the response to drug treatment in MDD remain unclear.

Methods: We performed the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS-17) and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) on a large sample of MDD patients and obtained 31-item scores for each patient at baseline.

Advances in nanotechnology for the therapy of bacterial pneumonia.

Bacterial pneumonia, a life-threatening infection, is the world's sixth deadliest disease and the top cause of mortality in children under five. Without timely treatment, bacterial pneumonia can escalate to a 30% mortality rate, particularly in high-risk populations. It may also lead to chronic conditions such as pulmonary fibrosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD), along with systemic inflammatory responses that can progress to sepsis and multi-organ failure.

Impact of early detection and management of emotional distress on length of stay in non-psychiatric inpatients: A retrospective hospital-based cohort study.

Background: While emotional distress, encompassing anxiety and depression, has been associated with negative clinical outcomes, its impact across various clinical departments and general hospitals has been less explored. Previous studies with limited sample sizes have examined the effectiveness of specific treatments (e.g.

Discovery of Novel KuE PSMA PET Tracers through Structure Fine-Tuning and Direct Photocatalyzed F-Deoxyfluorination.

Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET imaging has been recognized as an effective modality for early and accurate prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis. While the F-labeled PSMA tracer was initially approved for clinical use, the structure-activity relationship (SAR) has been underexplored due to limited accessibility of the tracers. Herein, we designed and synthesized a group of PSMA PET tracers through structure-based meticulous optimization for potential interactions at the amphipathic S1 site.

Personalized brain functional sectors guided theta burst transcranial magnetic stimulation for treatment-resistant depression: a study protocol for a multi-centre, randomised, double-blind, sham-controlled clinical trial.

Introduction: Depression is characterised by disruptions in brain circuitry, and interventions like intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) offer the potential for normalising these circuits and improving clinical symptoms. However, personalised treatment targets for depression remain underexplored. This trial aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy of iTBS as an additional treatment to a stable antidepressant regimen in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) by modulating brain circuits identified through personalized brain functional sectors compared with sham treatment.

Case Report: Epistaxis with electroconvulsive therapy: a report of 2 patients.

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective treatment for various psychiatric disorders such as depression, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia but is associated with certain side effects. Epistaxis following ECT appeared to be rare, with few reports in the medical literature. We reported two cases of epistaxis following ECT.

A porphyrin metal-organic framework enhances photodynamic therapy through lymphatic circulation.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as a promising strategy for cancer treatment as a local and precise therapeutic technique. However, lymph node metastasis of tumors poses a therapeutic challenge. To increase PDT's cancer effectiveness, direct targeting of lymph nodes (LNs) is the most promising approach.

Evaluating dietary quality and dietary inflammatory potential in cognitive impairment patients in China.

Introduction: Diet plays a critical role in the prevention and treatment of cognitive impairment, yet dietary intake in patients with cognitive impairment in China remains insufficiently studied.

Methods: A 25-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used in a national online survey in China. The Dietary Inflammatory Index was calculated, and principal component analysis was used to identify dietary patterns.

Knowledge, attitudes, and practice (KAP) of old age mental health among Chinese medical undergraduate students: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Mental health is crucial to older adults, especially in the context of the aging society and longevity era. To better address these challenges, it is necessary to delineate medical students' knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) status from the first-year students to the junior before entering clinical practice. Thus, the study aimed to investigate medical undergraduate students' KAP regarding the mental health of older adults.

SRGN-mediated reactivation of the YAP/CRISPLD2 axis promotes aggressiveness of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major contributor to global cancer-related mortality. Serglycin (SRGN) is involved in the progression of various cancers, and its overexpression is related to poor prognosis in HCC patients. Its biological role in HCC aggressiveness is unknown.

Heterogeneous brain abnormalities in subjective cognitive decline converge on a common network and their transcriptional signature.

Introduction: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is increasingly recognized as closely related to future Alzheimer's disease (AD). Numerous neuroimaging findings in SCD are inconsistent. We tested whether the various findings localize to a common brain network.

The Neural Association Between Symptom and Cognition in Major Depressive Disorder: A Network Control Theory Study.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is characterized by intercorrelated clinical symptoms and cognitive deficits, whose neural mechanisms in relation to these disturbances remain unclear. To elucidate this, we applied the relatively new approach of Network Control Theory (NCT), which considers how network topology informs brain dynamics based on white matter connectivity data. We used the NCT parameter of average controllability (AC) to assess the potential control that brain network nodes have on brain-state transitions associated with clinical and cognitive symptoms in MDD.

Common and sex-specific differences in hypothalamic subunit volumes and their links with depressive symptoms in treatment-naïve patients with major depressive disorder.

The hypothalamus, which consists of histologically and functionally distinct subunits, primarily modulates vegetative symptoms in major depressive disorder (MDD). Sex differences in MDD have been well-documented in terms of illness incidence rates and symptom profiles. However, few studies have explored subunit-level and sex-specific anatomic differences in the hypothalamus in MDD compared to healthy controls (HCs).

Muscle-derived small extracellular vesicles induce liver fibrosis during overtraining.

The benefits of exercise for metabolic health occur in a dose-dependent manner. However, the adverse effects of overtraining and their underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we show that overtraining induces hepatic fibrosis.

Current study of pathogenetic mechanisms and therapeutics of chronic atrophic gastritis: a comprehensive review.

Chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) is a prevalent digestive system disease characterized by atrophy of the gastric mucosa and the disappearance of inherent gastric glands. According to the theory of Correa's cascade, CAG is an important pathological stage in the transformation from normal condition to gastric carcinoma. In recent years, the global incidence of CAG has been increasing due to pathogenic factors, including infection, bile reflux, and the consumption of processed meats.

Telehealth approaches for improving depression and anxiety among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This study aimed to systematically review the efficacy of telehealth approaches in alleviating depressive and anxiety symptoms in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) using evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist. Databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were searched for RCTs from database inception to June 2024.

Temporoparietal structural-functional coupling abnormalities in drug-naïve first-episode major depressive disorder.

Introduction: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a debilitating and heterogeneous disease. Many MDD patients experience concurrent anxiety symptoms, often referred to as anxious depression (MDD-ANX). The relationships between network alterations in structural connectivity (SC) and functional connectivity (FC) in MDD and its anxiety-related subtype remain areas that require further investigation.

Cognition-related connectome gradient dysfunctions of thalamus and basal ganglia in drug-naïve first-episode major depressive disorder.

Background: Subcortical functional abnormalities are believed to contribute to clinical symptoms and cognitive impairments in major depressive disorder (MDD). By introducing functional gradient mapping, the present study evaluated subcortical gradients in MDD patients and their association with cognitive features.

Methods: Organization patterns and between-group differences in the principal subcortical gradient were investigated in 145 never-treated first-episode MDD patients and 145 healthy controls (HCs) across limbic, thalamic, and basal ganglia (BG) systems and their structural and functional subregions.

An arabinan from Citrus grandis fruits alleviates ischemia/reperfusion-induced myocardial cell apoptosis via the Nrf2/Keap1 and IRE1/GRP78 signaling pathways.

Citrus grandis fruit is a famous traditional Chinese medicine with various bioactivities, including cardioprotective effects. Polysaccharides are one of the key active ingredients responsible for its cardioprotective effects. This study aimed to investigate the structure and cardioprotective effect of a homogeneous polysaccharide from C.

Heat exposure promotes sarcopenia via gut microbiota-derived metabolites.

The unprecedented rise in global ambient temperatures in the last decade has significantly impacted human health, yet how heat exposure affects the development of sarcopenia remains enigmatic. Here, we demonstrate that chronic heat exposure induces skeletal muscle volume loss, leading to muscle strength and functional decline in mice. The microbiota composition of heat-exposed mice was analyzed using 16S ribosomal DNA analysis.