Gut microbiota remodeling exacerbates neuroinflammation and cognitive dysfunction via the microbiota-gut-brain axis in prenatal VPA-exposed C57BL/6 mice offspring.

Introduction: Prenatal exposure to valproic acid (VPA) is a recognized risk factor for autism spectrum disorder (ASD)-like phenotypes, yet the mechanisms linking gut microbiota dysbiosis to neurodevelopmental impairments remain poorly understood. Emerging evidence implicates the microbiota-gut-brain axis as a critical mediator of neuroinflammation and cognitive deficits, but causal pathways in VPA-induced ASD models require systematic exploration. This study investigates how prenatal VPA exposure reshapes gut microbiota composition, exacerbates neuroinflammatory responses, and drives cognitive dysfunction through the microbiota-gut-brain axis in C57BL/6 mouse offspring.

Triple-phase VPA administration in Sprague-Dawley rats: A cost-effective ASD model unveiling the synaptic-mitochondrial-inflammatory axis as a therapeutic target.

Aims: To overcome limitations of traditional single-dose valproic acid (VPA) models in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) research-including severe maternal toxicity and imprecise embryonic exposure-this study established a cost-effective ASD model using a three-phase sequential VPA strategy in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats.

Materials And Methods: Pregnant SD rats received VPA (400 → 450 → 400 mg·kg) on gestational days 11.5, 12.

Sof t Bio-Electroactive Hydrogels for Musculoskeletal Tissue Repair and Rehabilitation.

Musculoskeletal tissue repair and rehabilitation face significant challenges in effectively repairing injured tissues and achieving functional recovery. Recent advancements highlight the crucial role of electrical conductivity in modulating cellular activity, promoting tissue repair, and enhancing recovery. This understanding leads to the development of bio-electroactive materials that combine biocompatibility with electrical conductivity to interact with biological systems.

Fruit Ameliorates Oxidative Stress, Hypertension, and Endothelial Dysfunction in Glucose-Induced Hypertensive Rats.

is a native species of Pakistan. Its fruits are locally consumed for the treatment of various cardiovascular disorders, including hypertension, heart failure, and vascular insufficiency. Despite its traditional use, data regarding its effectiveness remain unclear.

Nucleic acid-based strategies to mitigate stripe rust disease of wheat for achieving global food security - A review.

Wheat (Triticum aestivum), being a global staple crop, is critical in ensuring food security due to its significant nutritional value. However, it faces numerous challenges from both biotic and abiotic stresses, with fungal diseases being particularly detrimental to yield. Among these, wheat stripe rust, caused by the fungal pathogen Puccinia striiformis, poses a severe threat to wheat.

RETRACTED: Majid et al. An Extensive Pharmacological Evaluation of New Anti-Cancer Triterpenoid (Nummularic Acid) from through In Vitro, In Silico, and In Vivo Studies. 2022, , 2474.

The journal retracts the article "An Extensive Pharmacological Evaluation of New Anti-Cancer Triterpenoid (Nummularic Acid) from through In Vitro, In Silico, and In Vivo Studies" [...

Normal ranges of right atrial strain by contemporary echocardiography software: a prospective comparative cohort study.

Background: Right atrial (RA) strains (RASr, RAScd, and RASct) are increasingly used in clinical and research settings, such as heart failure and pulmonary hypertension, but their feasibility and reference ranges across different strain software vendors are not well established. We aim to evaluate and compare two-dimensional RA strain values, reference ranges, and related factors across four strain software vendors in healthy subjects.

Methods: Healthy subjects (n = 100) undergoing echocardiography during January-April 2023 were prospectively studied, with equal numbers by age groups, gender, and GE versus Philips scans.

Left atrial strain by vendor-neutral echocardiography software in healthy subjects: vendor comparisons and associated factors.

Aims: Left atrial strains [reservoir (LASr), conduit (LAScd), and contractile (LASct)] are increasingly utilized, primarily in the areas of heart failure and valvulopathy. Commercially available software to measure strain are marketed as imaging machine vendor independent, although the normal ranges of their performance and external validation studies are lacking. We evaluated and compared LAS values, reference ranges, and associated factors using contemporary strain software.

Robust estimation of the three parameter Weibull distribution for addressing outliers in reliability analysis.

Accurate estimation techniques are crucial in statistical modeling and reliability analysis, which have significant applications across various industries. The three-parameter Weibull distribution is a widely used tool in this context, but traditional estimation methods often struggle with outliers, resulting in unreliable parameter estimates. To address this issue, our study introduces a robust estimation technique for the three-parameter Weibull distribution, leveraging the probability integral transform and specifically employing the Weibull survival function for the transformation, with a focus on complete data.

A Multi-Modal Approach for Exploring Sarcoma and Carcinoma Using FTIR and Polarimetric Analysis.

Ex vivo characterization of sarcoma and carcinoma tissue samples was evaluated using microscopy, optical polarimetry, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and support vector machines (SVM). Recent evidence suggests that it is crucial to explore new diagnostic methods for detecting the smallest features of cancer. In this paper, we discuss the FTIR, which characterizes the chemical composition of sarcoma and carcinoma tissues at different wavenumbers.

Contemporary risk models for transcatheter aortic valve replacement: A narrative review.

Aortic stenosis (AS) is the most common form of valvular heart disease in older adults requiring intervention. Severe symptomatic AS, if left untreated, is typically associated with a poor prognosis. Over the past two decades, there have been significant advances in the field of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), leading to its emergence as an alternative to the well-established surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) for treating severe AS.

Human Emotions Analysis and Recognition Using EEG Signals in Response to 360° Videos.

Emotion recognition (ER) technology is integral for developing innovative applications such as drowsiness detection and health monitoring that play a pivotal role in contemporary society. This study delves into ER using electroencephalography (EEG) within immersive virtual reality (VR) environments. Our proposed methodology has four main stages: data acquisition, pre-processing, feature extraction, and emotion classification.

Personality Trait Recognition using ECG Spectrograms and Deep Learning.

This paper presents an innovative approach to recognizing personality traits using deep learning (DL) methods applied to electrocardiogram (ECG) signals. The research explores the potential of ECG-derived spectrograms as informative features in detecting the Big Five personality traits model encompassing extraversion, neuroticism, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness. Optimal window sizes for spectrogram generation are determined, and a convolutional neural network (CNN), specifically Resnet-18, and visual transformer (ViT) are employed for feature extraction and personality trait classification.

Ex-vivo optical prognosis of fibroadenoma and grade ll & lll breast cancer.

Among women worldwide, breast cancer is one of the most common cancers results from the growth of cancerous cells. This work investigates 87 patients using polarimetry in the visible spectral range (400-800 nm). Polarimetry is used for tissue characterization, particularly to prognosis cancer and biochemical quantification.

Reference Ranges of Left Ventricular Global Longitudinal Strain by Contemporary Vendor-Neutral Echocardiography Software in Healthy Subjects.

Background: Left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LVGLS) by speckle-tracking transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is an established measure of left ventricular systolic function with many clinical applications. Strain software has evolved to achieve vendor-neutrality in recent developments, although there is a notable absence of external validation studies. We assessed the normal ranges and associated factors of two-dimensional LVGLS quantification by TomTec, EchoPAC, VVI, and Epsilon contemporary strain software in a healthy cross-sectional cohort.

Poloxamer 407-Based Hydrogels Containing Rutin Increase the In Vitro and In Vivo Wound Healing Phenomena.

Rutin is a flavonoid glycoside found in many plants, known for its various pharmacological properties. However, its therapeutic potential is limited by its low water solubility, which restricts its bioavailability. Poloxamer 407 (P407) is a multifunctional excipient, which has proven effective in delivering poorly water-soluble drugs and promoting the healing process.

Comparison of percutaneous coronary intervention vs coronary artery bypass graft for left main coronary artery disease in patients with prior cerebrovascular disease: A systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression.

Background: Previous studies suggest similar cardiovascular (CV) benefits for either percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) in patients with left main coronary artery disease (LMCAD). However, limited data exist on the influence of prior cerebrovascular disease (CEVD). Thus, we aim to compare the CV outcomes in patients with LMCAD and prior CEVD, undergoing either PCI or CABG.

Cardiovascular Complications During Delivery Hospitalization in Patients With Psoriasis.

Background: Psoriasis in pregnancy is associated with adverse maternal outcomes. However, there are limited data on this subject.

Objectives: The purpose of our study was to investigate the association between psoriasis and related cardiovascular complications during delivery.

Comparisons of Risk Scores for Infective Endocarditis Surgery: A Meta-Analysis.

While multiple scoring systems exist to predict mortality in cardiac surgery, their utility in infective endocarditis (IE) remains uncertain, prompting this study to compare their prognostic accuracy. We conducted a comprehensive review using Ovid Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Data were pooled using Open-Meta[Analyst] software, and calibration analysis was performed with Review Manager 5.

Current study of pathogenetic mechanisms and therapeutics of chronic atrophic gastritis: a comprehensive review.

Chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) is a prevalent digestive system disease characterized by atrophy of the gastric mucosa and the disappearance of inherent gastric glands. According to the theory of Correa's cascade, CAG is an important pathological stage in the transformation from normal condition to gastric carcinoma. In recent years, the global incidence of CAG has been increasing due to pathogenic factors, including infection, bile reflux, and the consumption of processed meats.

Transcriptional dynamics and tissue-specific expression patterns of transposable elements in orthopteran insects.

Transposable elements (TEs) are prevalent in the genomes of orthopteran insects, contributing significantly to their genome evolution and diversity. In light of the existing gap in our understanding of TEs transcript dynamics in orthopteran insects, we recognize the critical need to undertake comprehensive analyses in this area. Therefore, we have decided to delve into the characterization of TE transcripts, their abundance profiles, and the formation of chimeric transcripts using RNA-seq data and genome assemblies.

Unveiling Rheumatoid Arthritis: Recurrent Pericarditis as the Sentinel Manifestation.

A 69-year-old man presented with corticosteroid-dependent colchicine-resistant chronic recurrent pericarditis initially thought to be idiopathic in etiology. Transitioning from anakinra to rilonacept revealed rheumatoid arthritis as the underlying cause. Anakinra demonstrated superior efficacy in managing both pericarditis and rheumatoid arthritis symptoms.

Minoxidil-Related Pericarditis.

This paper reports a case of a 53-year-old man presenting with recurrent pericardial effusions and one episode of pericarditis after short-term, low-dose minoxidil use, without prior kidney or heart failure history. The uniqueness lies in the rapid onset of a moderate pericardial effusion within 20 days, notably shorter than previously documented.