Identification of key modules and hub genes for sepsis-induced myopathy using weighted gene co-expression network analysis.

Background: Sepsis-induced myopathy (SIM) is a severe complication of sepsis, leading to significant muscle dysfunction and increased mortality. The molecular mechanisms underlying SIM remain poorly understood, necessitating comprehensive studies to identify potential therapeutic targets. This study aims to explore the molecular basis of SIM through gene expression analysis and bioinformatics approaches.

Development and validation of a prediction nomogram for adverse pregnancy outcomes among urban Chinese women with hypothyroxinemia during early pregnancy.

Background: This study aimed to identify risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes (APO) in women with isolated maternal hypothyroxinemia (IMH) and to develop a nomogram for predicting APO risk during routine antenatal visits.

Methods: Data from 1254 IMH pregnancies, collected between January 2016 and December 2018 at the International Peace Maternal and Child Health Hospital (IPMCH) in Shanghai, China, were analyzed. APO, the primary outcome, included preterm birth (PTB), macrosomia, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP).

Machine Learning Model for Predicting Pathological Invasiveness of Pulmonary Ground-Glass Nodules Based on AI-Extracted Radiomic Features.

Background: With the widespread adoption of low-dose CT screening, the detection of pulmonary ground-glass nodules (GGNs) has risen markedly, presenting diagnostic challenges in distinguishing preinvasive lesions from invasive adenocarcinomas (IAC). This study aimed to develop a machine learning (ML)-based model using artificial intelligence (AI)-extracted CT radiomic features to predict the invasiveness of GGNs.

Methods: A retrospective cohort of 285 patients (148 with preinvasive lesions, 137 with IAC) from the Lingnan Campus was divided into training and internal validation sets (8:2).

Alcohol-related disorders are associated with short-term outcomes in lung cancer patients undergoing VATS lobectomy: a 5-year retrospective analysis.

Background: Alcohol abuse/dependence has been associated with an increased risk of postoperative complications. This study aims to evaluate the impact of alcohol abuse/dependence on short-term surgical outcomes in lung cancer patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) lobectomy.

Methods: We analyzed data from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) covering the years 2016 to 2020, focusing on 13,273 lung cancer patients who had undergone VATS lobectomy.

Minocycline Regulates PARP-1 and HDAC3 Pathways to Inhibit Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury.

Background: Acute lung injury (ALI) is characterized by excessive lung inflammation and apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cells, resulting in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. Minocycline, a tetracycline antibiotic, is known to have excellent anti-inflammatory activity.

Objectives: The present study aims to reveal the protective effect and potential mechanism of the anti-inflammatory effects of minocycline on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI in mice and A549 cells.

A stepwise approach to designing and delivering the SCHeLTI trial community-family-mother-child obesity prevention intervention.

This paper describes the methods for the development and implementation of the Sino-Canadian Healthy Life Trajectories Initiative (SCHeLTI) intervention, part of a World Health Organization-supported effort to prevent childhood obesity through four international randomized controlled trials. SCHeLTI is a multi-center, cluster-randomized trial in Shanghai, supporting 4500 families from preconception through the child's fifth year. This Community-Family-Mother-Child intervention includes coordinated components such as Healthy Conversation sessions, nutrition consultations, breastfeeding support, an obesity clinic, and educational courses tailored to key reproductive and developmental stages and risk profiles.

Protective effects of Salubrinal against HO-induced muscle wasting via eIF2α/ATF4 signaling pathway.

Background: Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) plays a critical role in skeletal muscle physiology and pathology, though the precise mechanisms remain unclear. Salubrinal, a selective inhibitor of eIF2α dephosphorylation, has been shown as a potential therapeutic agent for various conditions, but its effects on sarcopenia are not well understood. This study investigated the protective effects of salubrinal against HO-induced muscle cell injury and its impact on the eIF2α/ATF4 signaling pathway.

Integration of the hammerhead ribozyme into structured RNAs to measure ligand-binding events for riboswitch candidates and aptamers.

Some structured RNAs, such as riboswitches and aptamers, can bind to their cognate ligands and have been used in biosensors and gene expression control elements. However, current methods for detecting ligand binding to structured RNAs are either severely limited or inconvenient. In this study, we design a multibase pair bridge to integrate a hammerhead ribozyme into structured RNAs to detect ligand binding events.

A network pharmacology approach confirms Biejiaxiaozheng pills combat hepatic fibrosis by modulating macrophage inflammation and hepatic stellate cell activation.

Biejiaxiaozheng (BJXZ) pills, a traditional Chinese medicine, have demonstrated anti-fibrotic effects; however, their mechanisms in treating liver fibrosis remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the active targets and underlying mechanisms of BJXZ pills using network pharmacology and experimental validation. Network pharmacology analysis identified 213 common drug-disease targets, 1131 Gene Ontology terms, and 163 signaling pathways (including the TNF pathway).

MS275 Inhibits Neuroblastoma Cell Growth by Mediating H3K27ac/PROX1 Axis In Silico and In Vitro.

Neuroblastoma, a prevalent pediatric solid tumor, is characterized by substantial genetic, morphological, and clinical heterogeneity, which poses challenges to the efficacy of existing therapeutic interventions. Previous studies have demonstrated that the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor MS275 can impede the growth of neuroblastoma cells. However, the precise mechanisms underlying this inhibitory effect remain inadequately understood.

Integrating machine learning and bioinformatics approaches to identify novel diagnostic gene biomarkers for diabetic mice.

Diabetes is a complex metabolic disorder, and its pathogenesis involves the interplay of genetic, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices. With the rising prevalence and increasing associated chronic complications, identifying and understanding the molecular mechanisms of diabetes has become an important direction in bioinformatics research. The aim of this study is the identification of diagnostic genes associated with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice.

Kcc-ReHo and Cohe-ReHo in bipolar disorder: their associated genes and potential for diagnosis and treatment prediction.

The neural mechanisms underlying resting-state cerebral functional activity in bipolar disorder (BD) and the effects of pharmacotherapy on it remain unclear. This study investigated changes in local brain activity in BD patients (BDPs) following treatment, evaluated the diagnostic and prognostic potential of regional homogeneity (ReHo), and explored associated genes and biological processes. Resting-state fMRI data and clinical variables were collected from 68 BDPs (at baseline and after 3 months of pharmacotherapy) and 80 healthy controls (HCs).

Protective effects of minocycline, a tetracycline antibiotic, on cytokine storm and oxidative stress in acute lung injury.

Severe bacterial infections (e.g., pneumonia, sepsis) serve as key contributors to acute lung injury (ALI), underscoring the necessity of concurrent anti-infective therapy.

Decreased left brain specialization in bipolar disorder patients and its association with neurotransmitter and genetic profiles: A longitudinal study.

Brain specialization plays a crucial role in human behavior and cognition. Previous studies have suggested abnormal specialization in psychiatric disorders; however, the specialization patterns of bipolar disorder (BD) and the effects of medication on these changes remain unclear. According to Crow's hypothesis regarding the key role of language in the origin of psychoses, BD patients (BDPs) may exhibit abnormal language-related specialization.

The Clinical Impact of Heart Failure on the Postoperative Outcomes for Lung Cancer Patients Undergoing Lobectomy and Sublobar Resection by Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis of 2016-2020 HCUP-NIS Data.

Background: The clinical impact of heart failure (HF) on postoperative outcomes following video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) for lung cancer resection remains controversial. This study aimed to assess patient and hospital characteristics related to the type of surgery, as well as the independent impact of HF on surgical outcomes.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis using data from the National Inpatient Sample database.

Silencing NRF2 enhances arsenic trioxide-induced ferroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Objective: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with high mortality rates partially due to limited therapeutic options and drug resistance. Arsenic trioxide (ATO), a compound clinically proven for acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), has garnered attention for its emerging efficacy in solid tumors, including HCC. However, the molecular mechanisms driving ATO's antitumor activity in HCC remain incompletely understood.

A longitudinal functional connectivity study of bipolar Disorder: from the view of default mode network and its association with gene expression.

Objective: Abnormal functions involving brain regions within the default mode network (DMN) have been reported in bipolar disorder (BD). However, most previous studies were cross-sectional. Therefore, a longitudinal study was conducted to observe the change trajectory of symptoms and functional connectivity (FC) of DMN in BD patients.

Microbial community profiling for forensic drowning diagnosis across locations and submersion times.

Background: Drowning diagnosis has long been a critical issue in forensic research, influenced by various factors such as the environment and decomposition time. While traditional methods such as diatom analysis have limitations in decomposed remains, microbial community profiling offers a promising alternative. With the advancement of high-throughput sequencing technology, forensic microbiology has become a prominent focus in the field, providing new research avenues for drowning diagnosis.

A novel localization technique for margin distance assessment of deep-seated small pulmonary nodules in thoracoscopic wedge resection: a retrospective study.

Background: Thoracoscopic wedge resection of deep-seated small pulmonary nodules (SPNs) with an adequate surgical margin distance is a challenging yet crucial aspect of successful resection. In our previous study, we introduced a novel localization technique for SPN wedge resection with sufficient margin distance. The aim of the present study was to evaluate margin distance assessment of this localization technique for deep-seated SPNs in wedge resection by standardizing the surgical procedures.

Enhancing rapid nitrogen freezer performance for Litchi fruit: a Taguchi-based approach to reduce cracking, time, and nitrogen consumption.

This study employed the Taguchi technique to investigate the influence of various liquid nitrogen quick-freezing parameters on litchi fruit cracking, nitrogen consumption, and freezing time. The experiments included testing different freezing temperatures (- 40, - 50, - 60, and - 70 °C), two types of nitrogen spraying nozzles (Hollow-cone and Full-cone), and two fan speeds (800 and 1200 rpm). Before freezing, the litchis were soaked in a solution and precooled as a pre-treatment to mitigate peel cracking and preserve quality.

Excessive bile acids level predisposes to adverse perinatal outcomes in women with abnormal pre-pregnancy body mass index.

Background: Both low/high pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and increased bile acid levels during pregnancy (known as gestational hypercholanemia) were risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes, with limited information on their joint effects.

Methods: A total of 63,066 pregnant women were involved in a large retrospective cohort study from May 2014 to December 2018 in Shanghai, China. Data of pregnancy outcomes including hypercholanemia, hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDP), preterm delivery, and small for gestation age (SGA), were obtained for multivariable logistic analysis.

Zinc Alleviates Diabetic Muscle Atrophy via Modulation of the SIRT1/FoxO1 Autophagy Pathway Through GPR39.

Background: Muscle atrophy is a severe complication of diabetes, with autophagy playing a critical role in its progression. Zinc has been shown to alleviate hyperglycaemia and several diabetes-related complications, but its direct role in mediating diabetic muscle atrophy remains unclear. This study explores the potential role of zinc in the pathogenesis of diabetic muscle atrophy.

Lactate accumulation from HIF-1α-mediated PMN-MDSC glycolysis restricts brain injury after acute hypoxia in neonates.

Fetal intrauterine distress (FD) during delivery can cause fetal intrauterine hypoxia, posing significant risks to the fetus, mother, and newborns. While studies highlight the role of polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSCs) in neonatal diseases and tumor hypoxia, their specific involvement in newborns experiencing fetal distress during delivery (FDNB) is not well understood. Here, we found elevated PMN-MDSC activation, increased glycolysis, enhanced lactate production, and upregulated HIF-1α expression in the blood of FDNB neonates compared to healthy newborns (NNB).

Undernutrition disrupts jejunal and ileal microbiota and epithelial tissue homeostasis in a pregnant sheep model.

Nutrition consistently affects microbe-host interactions in the gastrointestinal tract. This study aimed to unravel how undernutrition reshapes the microbial composition and the homeostasis of epithelium in the jejunum and ileum. Sixteen late-gestation Hu-sheep were randomly assigned to the control group ( = 8, 100% ad libitum feeding levels) or the undernutrition group ( = 8, which received 30% ad libitum feeding levels).

The impact of threshing unit structure and parameters on enhancing rice threshing performance.

Improving rice threshing unit performance and structure significantly enhances the thresher's overall efficiency by raising its productivity while lowering costs and power consumption. This study evaluated and optimized longitudinal axial flow threshing device performance using two threshers' structures, namely conical thresher and drum thresher, under different rotating speeds of 1100, 1300, and 1500 rpm and feeding rates of 0.8, 1.