B/T mixed phenotype acute leukemia revealing immunophenotypic lineage-genotype associations and frequent myelodysplasia-related cytogenetic/gene abnormalities: implication for diagnosis and treatment.

B/T mixed-phenotype acute leukemia (MPAL) is a rare subtype of leukemia with diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to its rarity, genomic diversity, and evolving diagnostic criteria. We report six cases of B/T MPAL with clinicopathological and genomic characterization. Most cases (5/6) demonstrated immunophenotypic/lineage-genotype-associations, i.

Synthesis of Lightweight and High-Strength Polyimide/Gelatin Composite Aerogels: A Thermal Insulation Material for Preventing the Thermal Runaway of Lithium Batteries.

Gelatin (GA) was used as a reinforced material in the study to enhance the thermal-mechanical properties of the polyimide (PI) aerogel. The effects of the content and the freezing rate on the thermal-mechanical properties of the composite aerogels were investigated. The internal structure and chemical composition of the composite aerogels were analyzed by using characterization methods.

Integrating machine learning and bioinformatics approaches to identify novel diagnostic gene biomarkers for diabetic mice.

Diabetes is a complex metabolic disorder, and its pathogenesis involves the interplay of genetic, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices. With the rising prevalence and increasing associated chronic complications, identifying and understanding the molecular mechanisms of diabetes has become an important direction in bioinformatics research. The aim of this study is the identification of diagnostic genes associated with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice.

Role of the bone marrow microenvironment in multiple myeloma: Impact of niches on drug resistance mechanisms.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a blood cancer characterized by the uncontrolled growth of plasma cells in the bone marrow. These malignant plasma cells can proliferate locally and spread to other tissues and organs. The M-protein they produce can lead to various clinical symptoms, including anemia, hypercalcemia, bone pain, bone destruction, and kidney dysfunction.

Deep Learning-Assisted Diagnostic System: Implant Brand Detection Using Improved IB-YOLOv10 in Periapical Radiographs.

: Implant brand identification is critical in modern dental clinical diagnostics. With the increasing variety of implant brands and the difficulty of accurate identification in periapical radiographs, there is a growing demand for automated solutions. This study aims to leverage deep learning techniques to assist in dental implant classification, providing dentists with an efficient and reliable tool for implant brand detection.

Imatinib-Induced Clinical Response in ETV6::ACSL6 Myeloid Neoplasm with Eosinophilic Pneumonitis: A Case Report.

BACKGROUND Myeloid neoplasms with [em]ETV6::ACSL6[/em] fusions are extremely rare entities that are characterized by eosinophilic and/or basophilic leukocytosis. While they clinically mimic myeloid neoplasms with eosinophilia and tyrosine kinase fusions such as [em]ETV6::PDGFRB[/em], they have not been shown to be responsive to imatinib. There are currently no effective treatments available and clinical outcomes are poor.

Unlocking the Potential of Nanostructured ZnO on PPC Membranes: High-Throughput Synthesis, Morphology Tailoring, and Enhanced Antibacterial Activity.

The development of nanostructured ZnO (nano-ZnO) with tailored morphologies is critical for creating effective antibacterial materials. This study introduces a high-throughput platform for the in situ synthesis of PPC/nano-ZnO composites, enabling precise control over the morphology of nano-ZnO to optimize antibacterial performance. By leveraging electrospinning, heat treatment, and hydrothermal synthesis, we fabricated diverse nano-ZnO structures, including nanoparticles, nanorods, and nanoflowers, on PPC nanofiber membranes.

Eosinophilic Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis Presenting With Neuro-Ophthalmic Manifestations.

A 45-year-old man reported progressively worsening vision, photophobia, and dyschromatopsia in the left eye as well as oblique binocular diplopia. His neuro-ophthalmic examination was significant for ophthalmoplegia and optic disc edema in the left eye. MRI of the brain and orbits showed enlargement and contrast enhancement of the left lateral rectus muscle, optic nerve sheath, and cavernous sinus.

Recent applications of EEG-based brain-computer-interface in the medical field.

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) represent an emerging technology that facilitates direct communication between the brain and external devices. In recent years, numerous review articles have explored various aspects of BCIs, including their fundamental principles, technical advancements, and applications in specific domains. However, these reviews often focus on signal processing, hardware development, or limited applications such as motor rehabilitation or communication.

Efficacy and safety analysis of a docetaxel-plus-trastuzumab regimen in patients with early-stage HER2-positive breast cancer: a retrospective single-arm study.

Background: A regimen of weekly paclitaxel and trastuzumab (WPH) is the standard treatment for patients with early-stage human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer but has certain limitations. Weekly hospital visits are burdensome for patients and increase healthcare resource use. Docetaxel is currently used in several chemotherapy regimens for HER2-positive breast cancer, such as four cycles of docetaxel and cyclophosphamide plus trastuzumab (TC4H) or THP (paclitaxel, trastuzumab plus pertuzumab), and its safety and efficacy have been well established.

Genomic Landscape of Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia Associated With Immunophenotypic Lineage Predominance: Impact on Diagnosis and Treatment.

Objectives: Mixed phenotype acute leukemia (MPAL) often poses challenges in diagnosis and clinical management. This is the first study to assess the lineage/immunophenotype-genotype association and the significance of AML-myelodysplasia-related changes (MR, cytogenetic abnormalities and gene mutations, AML-MR-CG-Gene) in MPAL classification.

Methods: We conducted a clinicopathologic and genomic evaluation of 25 MPAL cases by the WHO-HEM5/ICC classification criteria, except for retaining those MPAL cases with AML-MR-CG-Gene (Conditional-MPAL).

Overexpression of LMOD1 induces oxidative stress and enhances cell apoptosis of melanoma through the RIG-I like receptor pathway.

Background: Oxidative stress is crucial in the development of cutaneous melanoma, but its role in melanoma is controversial. We aimed to identify melanoma-associated targets and understand the underlying mechanism.

Methods: Differential expressed genes (DEGs) were discovered between control and melanoma samples, and a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed to find key genes.

TAp63γ is the primary isoform of TP63 for tumor suppression but not development.

TP63 is expressed as TAp63 and ΔNp63 from the P1 and P2 promoters, respectively. While TAp63 and ΔNp63 are expressed as three TAp63α/β/γ and ΔNp63α/β/γ due to alternative splicing, only p63α (TA and ΔN) and p63γ (TA and ΔN) proteins are found to be detectable and likely to be responsible for p63-dependent activity. Previous studies implied and/or demonstrated that TAp63α, which contains an N-terminal activation domain conserved in p53, functions as a tumor suppressor by regulating an array of genes for growth suppression.

Clinicopathologic and Molecular Characterization of NUP98-Rearranged Acute Leukemias.

Introduction: NUP98 rearrangements are rare in acute leukemias and portend a poor prognosis.

Methods: This study explored clinicopathologic and molecular features of five patients with NUP98 rearranged (NUP98-r) acute leukemias, including three females and two males with a median age of 34 years.

Results: NUP98 fusion partners were associated with distinctive leukemia characteristics and biology.

Inflammatory pseudotumor-like extranodal classic Hodgkin lymphoma manifesting as bowel perforation in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patient with disseminated leishmaniasis: a case report and approach to differential diagnosis.

Background: Classic Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL) is an extremely common non-acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) defining malignancy and its incidence is rising. CHL is usually present in the lymph node and extranodal involvement is rare. Primary CHL of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is exceedingly rare.

Genomic and Clinicopathological Characterization of CRLF2-Rearranged Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia.

Rearrangements of cytokine receptor-like factor 2 gene (CRLF2) are present in ∼50% of B-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (B-ALL) with BCR::ABL1-like features. Herein, we report three patients with CRLF2-rearranged mixed phenotype acute leukemia (MPAL). All three cases were B/myeloid MPAL in young patients harboring P2RY8::CRLF2 or IGH::CRLF2 with additional genomic alterations in signaling (JAK and RAS) and cell cycle (CDKN2A/B) pathways, a genomic profile similar to that in BCR::ABL1-like B-ALL.

Giant Photogalvanic Effect-Induced Terahertz Wave Emission in Wafer-Scale Type-II Dirac Semimetal PtTe.

Terahertz (THz) emission arising from the second-order nonlinear photocurrent effects in two-dimensional quantum materials has attracted significant attention due to its high efficiency and ease of polarization manipulation. However, in centrosymmetric quantum materials, the terahertz emission is typically suppressed, caused by the directional symmetry of the photocurrent generated under femtosecond laser excitation. In this work, we report that wafer-scale type-II Dirac semimetal PtTe with lattice centrosymmetry exhibits remarkably high THz emission efficiency (2 orders of magnitude greater than that of a ZnTe nonlinear crystal with equivalent thickness) and pronounced polarization sensitivity at room temperature.

Robust ferromagnetism in wafer-scale FeGaTe above room-temperature.

The discovery of ferromagnetism in van der Waals (vdW) materials has enriched the understanding of two-dimensional (2D) magnetic orders and opened new avenues for fundamental physics research and next generation spintronics. However, achieving ferromagnetic order at room temperature, along with strong perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, remains a significant challenge. In this work, we report wafer-scale growth of vdW ferromagnet FeGaTe using molecular beam epitaxy.

Ferredoxin 2 Is Critical for Tumor Suppression and Lipid Homeostasis but Dispensable for Embryonic Development.

Ferredoxin 1 and 2 (FDX1/2) constitute an evolutionarily conserved FDX family of iron-sulfur cluster-containing proteins. FDX1/2 are cognate substrates of ferredoxin reductase and serve as conduits for electron transfer from NADPH to a set of proteins involved in biogenesis of corticosteroids, hemes, iron-sulfur cluster, and lipoylated proteins. Fdx1 is essential for embryonic development and lipid homeostasis.

Carbon Nanofiber/Polyaniline Composite Aerogel with Excellent Electromagnetic Interference Shielding, Low Thermal Conductivity, and Extremely Low Heat Release.

The rapid development of communication technology and high-frequency electronic devices has created a need for more advanced electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials. In response to this demand, a study has been conducted to develop multifunctional carbon nanofibers (CNFs)/polyaniline (PANI) aerogels with excellent electromagnetic interference shielding, flame retardancy, and thermal insulation performance. The process involved freeze-drying of electrospun CNFs and PANI nanoparticles followed by in situ growth PANI to coat the CNFs, creating the core-shell structured CNFs/PANI composite fiber and its hybrid aerogels (CP-3@PANI).

Neuroprotective role of CHCHD2 in Parkinson's disease: Insights into the GPX4-related ferroptosis pathway.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease, characterized by pathogenesis involving mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and ferroptosis. Unfortunately, there are currently no effective interventions to slow down the progression of PD. The mitochondrial protein coiled-coil-helix-coiled-coil-helix domain containing 2 (CHCHD2), which is implicated in neurodegeneration and serves as a biomarker for PD, has been reported to have neuroprotective effects against oxidative stress, but the potential molecular mechanisms involved remain elusive.

A Novel Chest-Based PPG Measurement System.

Advancements in integrated circuit (IC) technology have accelerated the miniaturization of body-worn sensors and systems, enabling long-term health monitoring. Wearable electrocardiogram (ECG), finger photoplethysmogram (PPG), and wrist-worn PPG have shown great success and significantly improved life quality. Chest-based PPG has the potential to extract multiple vital signs but requires ultra-high dynamic range (DR) IC to read out the small PPG signal among large respiration and artifacts inherent in daily life.

Cell Segmentation With Globally Optimized Boundaries (CSGO): A Deep Learning Pipeline for Whole-Cell Segmentation in Hematoxylin-and-Eosin-Stained Tissues.

Accurate whole-cell segmentation is essential in various biomedical applications, particularly in studying the tumor microenvironment. Despite advancements in machine learning for nuclei segmentation in hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained images, there remains a need for effective whole-cell segmentation methods. This study aimed to develop a deep learning-based pipeline to automatically segment cells in H&E-stained tissues, thereby advancing the capabilities of pathological image analysis.