Predicted skeletal muscle index as a scalable marker for sarcopenia risk and mortality in older Chinese adults.

Background And Aims: Sarcopenia, characterized by age-related loss of muscle mass and function, increases adverse outcomes in older adults. The predicted skeletal muscle mass index (pSMI), derived from serum creatinine and cystatin C, may serve as a practical biomarker. This study evaluated pSMI's ability to predict sarcopenia and mortality in older Chinese adults.

Spatial metabolomics combined with machine learning in colon cancer diagnosis research.

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Extracellular matrix-related genes-based prognostic signature for cervical cancer: association of LAMA4 expression with prognosis and response to immunotherapy.

Background: Extracellular matrix-related genes (ERGs) are crucial in the tumorigenesis of various malignancies, including cervical cancer (CC), but their prognostic significance in CC has not been thoroughly investigated.

Methods: We interrogated RNA-seq expression profiles from the public datasets to identify differentially expressed ERGs. Cox regression analysis was utilized to evaluate their prognostic significance.

Induced sputum: current progress and prospect.

Induced sputum is a noninvasive, safe, cost-effective, and reproducible method that is particularly advantageous for individuals who do not naturally produce sputum or provide inadequate samples. Its higher quality than spontaneously produced sputum makes it valuable in various respiratory conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, lung cancer, and infectious respiratory diseases. Despite its potential, the clinical use of induced sputum is limited.

Non-coding RNA-mediated regulation of seed endosperm development.

The endosperm, a triploid nutritive tissue in seeds, plays pivotal roles in embryo development, grain yield and quality. Recent advances highlight non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) as central regulators of endosperm development, which integrate epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-transcriptional mechanisms. Small RNAs (sRNAs), including microRNAs and small interfering RNAs, regulate endosperm cell proliferation, starch biosynthesis, and genomic dosage response by modulating hormonal pathways, metabolic processes, and transposon silencing.

Dose-Response Relationships Between Serum Copper and Peripheral Hemocyte Alteration in Children: A Retrospective Study.

Copper is an essential trace element for human health, but it can also be toxic at high concentrations. However, there are few studies on the correlation between serum copper and peripheral blood cells. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the relationship between serum copper levels and peripheral blood cells in children in China.

Matrix stiffness induced gallbladder fibroblasts activation and paracrine SEMA7A promotes gallbladder cancer cell epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cancer stem cell-like properties by modulating AKT/p300 signalling.

Background & Aims: Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is characterised by a desmoplastic microenvironment rich in collagen fibres and extracellular matrix, contributing to increased matrix stiffness. SEMAs are overexpressed in various cancers but their expression and role in the crosstalk between activated gallbladder fibroblasts (GFs) and GBC cells within a stiff microenvironment remain unclear. Herein, we aimed to elucidate the expression patterns and tumour-promoting effects of SEMAs in activated GFs under the matrix stiffness microenvironment.

POU2F1 facilitates the malignant phenotypes and aerobic glycolysis of pituitary adenoma by activating LDHA transcription.

Background: Pituitary adenoma (PA) can be benign, invasive, and metastatic, and its invasiveness and metastasis are poor prognosis factors for PA patients. Lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) plays a key role in glycolysis, and its overexpression can promote PA cell proliferation and invasion; however, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood.

Methods: Reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot were used to quantify the expression of target genes.

Social jetlag and obstructive sleep apnea severity: A retrospective study based on polysomnography.

Background: Social jetlag, representing the misalignment between endogenous circadian rhythms and socially imposed sleep schedules, has been associated with various adverse health outcomes. However, its potential relationship with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity, as quantified by the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), remains unclear.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed data from participants with OSA (AHI ≥5 events/hour) who completed sleep questionnaires and underwent polysomnography at our sleep center.

Prenatal Chlamydia Exposure and Early Neonatal Respiratory Failure in Very Preterm Infants.

This study aimed to investigate the association between prenatal exposure and early neonatal respiratory failure (NRF) in very preterm infants (VPIs).This population-based cohort study utilized birth data submitted by 50 states and the District of Columbia to the National Vital Statistics System database in the United States. The study included all VPIs with a gestational age of 24 to 31 weeks from January 1, 2021, to December 31, 2022.

The effective fractions of wine-processed Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels ameliorates inflammation via inhibiting Akt/NF-κB and STATs signaling pathway.

Prolonged or excessive inflammatory response can result in various ailments. Angelica sinensis (AS) is a classical medicinal and edible plant. Wine-processed AS (WAS) is widely applied to treat arthritis and other inflammatory diseases.

Protamine-Facilitated Same-Day Discharge Following Distal Transradial Angiography.

Background: Despite growing adoption of distal transradial approach (dTRA), data on same-day discharge with protamine-assisted hemostasis following coronary angiography (CAG) remain limited. This pilot study investigated its safety and feasibility.

Methods: From January 2022 to September 2024, a total of 34 patients who were discharged on the same-day after elective CAG via dTRA in our center were included, as well as 34 matched patients who underwent CAG via standard transradial approach (sTRA) during the same period.

Analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of Glycyrrhiza protein in an acute inflammatory pain model: Insights from metabolomic and transcriptomic profiling.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Licorice has been used as an herbal remedy in alternative medicinal systems, such as Ayurveda and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), for millennia. According to traditional Chinese medicine theory, Glycyrrhiza protein (GP) relieves pain. Some studies have found that GP can be used as a drug delivery carrier, indirectly or directly promoting anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects.

The efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemo(radio)therapy combined with surgery in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer harboring defective mismatch repair system: a large-scale multicenter propensity score analysis.

Background: For locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) with a deficient mismatch repair/microsatellite instability-high (dMMR/MSI-H), particularly in patients not eligible for immunotherapy, the optimal treatment remains undetermined. This study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of surgery, surgery and chemotherapy, surgery and chemoradiotherapy, in patients with LARC harboring dMMR/MSI-H.

Methods: Patients included from three university centers between August 1, 2012 and March 1, 2023, were categorized into three treatment groups: surgery .

Key-enabled molecular rotation modulates intramolecular hydrogen bonding toward a turn-on trace-level NH sensor.

Hydrazine (NH) is a highly toxic and versatile chemical raw material that has been widely used in industrial production and agricultural applications, but it has also caused environmental pollution. In this research, a fluorescent probe SDG-2 was designed and synthesized for hydrazine detection through esterification functionalization of pyridinium acylion. Hydrazine induces the hydrolysis of the ester group in SDG-2 to a hydroxyl group, thereby creating an intramolecular hydrogen bond donor that results in fluorescence enhancement, characteristic of sensitive NH monitoring.

Radiomics analysis based on T2-weighed imaging and T2 mapping for staging endometrial fibrosis.

Endometrial fibrosis can lead to uterine infertility. Accurate staging of endometrial fibrosis is crucial for developing treatment plans and performing dynamic follow-ups. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of radiomics models based on T2-weighed imaging (T2WI) and T2 mapping for staging endometrial fibrosis.

Niao-Du-Kang granules regulate autophagy of diabetic nephropathy via the miR-214-3p/SIRT1 signaling pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Niao-Du-Kang (NDK) granules, a traditional Chinese medicinal preparation composed of eight different types of herbs, and have been utilized in the treatment of chronic kidney disease for many years, yet its molecular mechanisms of action in diabetic nephropathy (DN) remain to be elucidated.

Aim Of The Study: This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of NDK granules in diabetic nephropathy (DN), with a focus on their impact on autophagy regulation, particularly through the miR-214-3p/SIRT1 pathway.

Materials And Methods: The DN mouse model was established through a high-fat feeding combined with streptozotocin (STZ) injection.

Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex improves the percutaneous therapeutic effect of eugenol on psoriasis mice.

The insolubility and volatility of eugenol (EG) limit its clinical application. In this study, cyclodextrin (CD) was used to encapsulate EG and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) with lower binding energy was selected by comparison. The preparation process optimization and characterization showed that the EG-HP-β-CD inclusion complex could be successfully prepared.

Source apportionment and risk quantification of soil heavy metals using SOM-PMF model: implications for ecological and human health management.

Precise source tracing and risk quantification of multi-source heavy metals (HMs) contamination in soil pose significant challenges for regional environmental management. This study proposed an innovative dynamic coupling model that combines a self-organizing map (SOM) and positive matrix factorization (PMF), overcoming the limitations of single models. The geo-accumulation index (I) and the initial ecological risk index (RI) were integrated with human health risks to form a comprehensive evaluation chain of "pollution source-exposure pathway-risk contribution.

Identification of matrix stiffness-related molecular subtypes in HCC via integrating multi-omics analysis and machine learning algorithms.

Background: Matrix stiffness is strongly associated with hepatocarcinogenesis and significantly influences the properties of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Investigating matrix stiffness-related signatures provides crucial insights into HCC prognosis and therapeutic response.

Methods: Multi-omics data from liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) were integrated using 10 clustering algorithms, identifying three subgroups with distinct survival outcomes and treatment responses.

Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy with Folfox 4 regimen versus cisplatin and gemcitabine for locally advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

For locally advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), the combination of cisplatin plus gemcitabine (CisGem) is the standard first-line treatment. However, the outcome remains unsatisfied with the median overall survival (OS) of 11.7 months.

Trimming Defective Perovskite Layer Surfaces for High-Performance Inverted Inorganic Solar Cells.

Inverted inorganic perovskite solar cells (IPSCs) with a bandgap of about 1.7 eV are prospective candidates for the next generation of photovoltaic cells due to their elemental composition and unparalleled light and thermal stability. However, the higher defect state density and energy level mismatch at the interface result in inferior photovoltaic performance to that of organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells.

Neonatal osteomyelitis: a case series and literature review.

Background: Neonates have a number of risk factors that make them susceptible to bone and joint infections. Pathogens can access the bone through the bloodstream (hematogenous spread), direct inoculation (traumatic or procedural), or by contiguous spreading from nearby infected soft tissues or synovial fluid. Studies focused on neonatal osteomyelitis are very rare and most of them only involved a small number of cases.

High-touch surfaces with moderate contamination levels as key nodes in microbial dissemination.

Hand-touching of contaminated surfaces is an established mode of infection transmission. However, the role of touch-mediated pathogen spread remains debatable, as frequently touched surfaces may exhibit low pathogen loads. To inform disease-prevention protocols, this study experimentally and theoretically investigated contamination in surface-touch networks as a function of touch behaviours and pathogen sources.

The Role of Novel Immunomodulators in the Treatment of Autoimmune Hepatitis.

Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic, progressive inflammatory liver disease characterized by autoimmune-mediated hepatic injury. Currently, glucocorticoid drugs, primarily prednisone, with or without azathioprine, are commonly recommended as first-line therapeutic agents in treatment guidelines by many scientific associations. However, the primary objective of treatment is to achieve a complete biochemical response, which is defined as the normalization of both transaminases and immunoglobulin G levels within six to twelve months.