IL-7-PD-L1 nano-antibody mediated "zipper" effect augments the tumoricidal activity of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes.

Cancer represents a pressing global health concern, characterized by a substantial number of unmet clinical needs. Cell therapy has emerged as a promising and efficacious approach for cancer treatment, particularly tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), which have demonstrated remarkable improvements in patients' overall survival rates across various clinical studies. However, the tumor microenvironment exerts a adverse effect on TILs, leading to their rapid exhaustion and functional disorder.

GDNF attenuates a-synuclein aggregation-induced damage to VTA-NAc dopaminergic transmission and alleviates depression-like behaviors in mice.

Dopamine (DA) transmission from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) to the nucleus accumbens (NAc) is strongly associated with depression in Parkinson's disease (PD). Decreased DA levels due to alpha-synuclein (α-syn) aggregation have been underappreciated in relation to depression in PD. This study investigated the role of VTA-related α-syn aggregation in depression of PD, and whether gial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) can inhibit α-syn aggregation to improve symptoms.

Ozone serve as mediator and effect modifier in the temperature-eGFR association: A longitudinal study on health examination cohort.

The precise role of ozone (O) in modulating temperature's impact on kidney function remains unclear. This study systematically investigates O's modification and mediation effects on the association between temperature and glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). We collected 26,244 individuals from the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University.

Evolutionarily divergent Mycobacterium tuberculosis CTP synthase filaments are under selective pressure.

The final and rate-limiting enzyme in pyrimidine biosynthesis, cytidine triphosphate synthase (CTPS), is essential for the viability of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and other mycobacteria. Its product, cytidine triphosphate (CTP), is critical for RNA, DNA, lipid and cell wall synthesis, and is involved in chromosome segregation. In various organisms across the tree of life, CTPS assembles into higher-order filaments, leading us to hypothesize that M.

A Field-based Evaluation of Portable XRF to Screen for Toxic Metals in Seafood Products.

Portable X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) has become increasingly popular where traditional laboratory methods are either impractical, time consuming and/or too costly. While the Limit of Detection (LOD) is generally poorer for XRF compared to laboratory-based methods, recent advances have improved XRF LODs and increased its potential for field-based studies. Portable XRF can be used to screen food products for toxic elements such as lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and arsenic (As), manganese, (Mn), zinc (Zn) and strontium (Sr).

Potential Impact of Maternal Nighttime Light Exposure and Its Interaction With Sociodemographic Characteristics on the Risk of Various Congenital Heart Diseases.

Background: Although maternal exposure to artificial light at night has shown negative associations with pregnancy outcomes, its impact on the risk of congenital heart disease remains unclear. This study examined the association between maternal exposure to artificial light at night during pregnancy and occurrence of congenital heart disease in offspring, considering potential interactions with sociodemographics.

Methods: We included newborns diagnosed prenatally with congential heart disease and healthy volunteers from 21 cities in southern China.

The effect of sugammadex sodium on muscle relaxation recovery in patients after suspension laryngoscopy surgery: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Sugammadex sodium can antagonize aminosteroidal muscarinic drugs precisely and rapidly, so it has been widely used in fast-track anesthesia in recent years. However, it is not known whether there is an advantage of the antagonistic effect of sugammadex sodium over neostigmine at different doses and time points. In this single-center, randomized controlled study, we compared the effects of sugammadex sodium with neostigmine on postoperative myorelaxation recovery in patients undergoing suspension laryngoscopic surgery.

Fine-Tuning of Alkyl Side Chains in Ultra-Low Bandgap Polymers To Effectively Suppress the Dark Current for Short-Wavelength Infrared Organic Photodetectors.

Short-wavelength infrared organic photodetectors (SWIR OPDs) have great potential for applications in health monitoring, night vision, optical communication, and image sensing. However, the development of SWIR OPDs is limited by challenges in achieving high responsivity () and detectivity (*) due to the exponentially increased nonradiative recombination rate when decreasing the bandgap of conjugated polymers or molecules. In this study, we designed and synthesized a series of donor-acceptor (D-A) type ultralow bandgap (≤0.

Biofilm Dispersal in FZB42 Is Regulated by the Second Messenger c-di-GMP.

Cyclic diguanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP) is a second messenger that plays a crucial role in regulating biofilm development, yet the role in Gram-positive bacteria remains elusive. Here, we demonstrated that dispersed cells from biofilms of FZB42 exhibit a unique phenotype and gene expression compared to planktonic cells. Transcriptomic analysis revealed 1327 downregulated and 1298 upregulated genes, among which the c-di-GMP phosphodiesterase coding gene was remarkably upregulated.

Climate change, geography and trade agreements: A perspective of Asian bilateral trade.

This study investigates the simultaneous effects of geographic factors, trade agreements, and climate change on bilateral exports in Asian countries. We estimate the correlation with bilateral exports by utilizing a panel data set from 2000 to 2020, employing various econometric techniques, particularly the structural gravity model. Therefore, this study aims to examine the simultaneous or complementary impact of influencing factors on exports and link them with the gross domestic product.

Assessing the Practical Constraints and Capabilities of Accelerator-Based Focused Ion Thermal Analysis.

This study investigates the capabilities of accelerator-based Focused Ion Thermal Analysis (FITA), a remote nondestructive method developed for characterizing thermal properties using a proton beam as a localized heat source. Employing infrared (IR) imaging, FITA captures the evolution of temperature in material samples after the beam is deactivated, enabling precise extraction of thermal properties. However, the performance of FITA is inherently influenced by the IR camera's resolution and frame rate, which imposes constraints on the types of materials that can be effectively analyzed.

The role of environmental access to exercise opportunities in cardiovascular mortality: evidence from a nationwide study.

Background: Environmental access to exercise opportunities plays a crucial role in determining the level of physical activity within a population. However, it is unclear how environmental factors contribute to disparities in physical activity and health outcomes. We explored the associations between county-level access to exercise opportunities and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality across US counties.

Mapping the Vulnerability of Older-Adult Neighborhoods: An Ecological Study of New York State.

We examined neighborhood-level demographic, economic, and social characteristics and food and health-services access to gauge the vulnerability of older-adult neighborhoods in New York State (NYS), which is understudied and is significant given the rapid aging of populations worldwide. We conducted descriptive ecological analyses using data from the American Community Survey, historical redlining maps, Social Capital Instruments, U.S.

The bridge-like lipid transport protein VPS13C/PARK23 mediates ER-lysosome contacts following lysosome damage.

Based on genetic studies, lysosome dysfunction is thought to play a pathogenetic role in Parkinson's disease. Here we show that VPS13C, a bridge-like lipid-transport protein and a Parkinson's disease gene, is a sensor of lysosome stress or damage. Following lysosome membrane perturbation, VPS13C rapidly relocates from the cytosol to the surface of lysosomes where it tethers their membranes to the ER.

Bias-Switchable Photomultiplication and Photovoltaic Dual-Mode Near-Infrared Organic Photodetector.

Photomultiplication-type organic photodetectors (PM-OPDs) provide for signal amplification, ideal for detecting faint light, and simplifying detection systems. However, current designs often suffer from slow response speed and elevated dark current. Conversely, photovoltaic-type organic photodetectors (PV-OPDs) provide fast response and high specific detectivity (D) but have limited photoresponse.

Incorporation of Self-Assembled Monolayer with Polyaniline Backbone as Hole-Transporting Layer for Organic Solar Cells.

In addition to the heterojunction layer, the interfacial layers also determine the performance of organic solar cells (OSCs) owing to their great role in promoting the charge extraction. Herein, the study explores the use of rarely reported polyaniline (PANI)-derived polymers as self-assembled hole-transporting layer (HTL) in OSCs. It is observed that the tailoring of either spacer groups or polymerization sites can greatly affect the material aggregation and thus OSC performance.

Individual effects and interactions between ultrafine particles and extreme temperatures on hospital admissions of high burden diseases.

Background: Health effects of ultrafine particles (UFPs) and their interactions with temperature are less studied. We investigated the risks of UFPs concentrations and extreme temperatures on hospitalizations for high-burden diseases (HBDs) in New York State (NYS).

Methods: This case-crossover study included hospitalizations for HBDs that contain ischemic heart diseases, diabetes, stroke, kidney diseases, and depression using NYS Hospital Discharge Data (2013-2018).

Improvement of the outcrossing ability of CMS lines by pyramiding QTLs for SER.

Unlabelled: The stigma exsertion rate (SER) is a key factor in improving the outcrossing ability of cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) lines in rice. In previous studies, we identified 18 SER-QTLs and developed some SER-QTL pyramiding lines (PLs). In this study, 4QL-1 and 4QL-2 were selected from these PLs and crossed with CMS maintainer lines H211B and H212B, respectively, to develop two new CMS maintainer lines, H221B and H222B, and their CMS lines H221A and H222A.

A quantitative ultrastructural timeline of nuclear autophagy reveals a role for dynamin-like protein 1 at the nuclear envelope.

Autophagic mechanisms that maintain nuclear envelope homoeostasis are bulwarks to ageing and disease. Here we define a quantitative and ultrastructural timeline of nuclear macroautophagy (nucleophagy) in yeast by leveraging four-dimensional lattice light sheet microscopy and correlative light and electron tomography. Nucleophagy begins with a rapid accumulation of the selective autophagy receptor Atg39 at the nuclear envelope and finishes in ~300 s with Atg39-cargo delivery to the vacuole.

A nomogram based on multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging improves the diagnostic performance of breast lesions diagnosed as BI-RADS category 4: A comparative study with the Kaiser score.

Purpose: To construct a nomogram combining Kaiser score (KS), synthetic MRI (syMRI) parameters, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and clinical features to distinguish benign and malignant breast lesions better.

Methods: From December 2022 to February 2024, a retrospective cohort of 168 patients with breast lesions diagnosed as Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) category 4 by ultrasound and/or mammography was included. The research population was divided into the training set (n = 117) and the validation set (n = 51) by random sampling with a ratio of 7:3.

Effect of hypoxia-induced mIL15 expression on expansion and memory progenitor stem-like TILs .

Introduction: The adoptive cell transfer of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) has proven clinically beneficial in patients with non-small cell lung cancer refractory to checkpoint blockade immunotherapy, which has prompted interest in TIL-adoptive cell transfer. The transgenic expression of IL15 can promote the expansion, survival, and function of T cells and and enhance their anti-tumor activity. The effect of expressing mIL15 regulated by hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment on the expansion, survival, and stem-like properties of TILs has not been explored.

Histopathologic pattern and molecular risk stratification are associated with prognosis in patients with stage IB lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: The benefit of adjuvant therapy remains controversial in completely resected (R0) stage IB non-small cell lung cancer (NCLSC) patients. In this study, we aimed to explore potential prognostic factors in stage IB NSCLC patients.

Methods: This study included 215 patients with R0 stage IB lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) (tumor size: 3-4 cm).