Highly Efficient Electrocatalyst of 2D-2D gCN-MoS Composites for Enhanced Overall Water Electrolysis.

For future clean and renewable energy technology, designing highly efficient and robust electrocatalysts is of great importance. Particularly, creating efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts capable of effectively catalyzing both hydrogen- and oxygen-evolution reactions (HERs and OERs) is vital for overall water electrolysis. In this study, we employ 2D molybdenum disulfide (MoS) nanosheets and pyrolytically fabricated 2D graphitic carbon nitride (gCN) nanosheets to create 2D gCN-decorated 2D MoS (2D-2D gCN-MoS) nanocomposites using a facile sonochemical method.

ALK-positive adult histiocytosis with a TFG-ALKfusion gene.

ALK-positive histiocytosis is a rare condition that can affect multiple systems in infants and adults. We identified a rare case of ALK-positive histiocytosis with fusion of the ALK gene with TFG. A 35-year-old previously healthy male has been complaining of back and hip discomfort for seven months.

Discrepancy between Genetically Predicted and Observed Alcohol Intake and Its Impact on Gastric Cancer Susceptibility.

Purpose: We aimed to investigate how genetic predisposition to drinking and gastric cancer (GC) modifies the association between alcohol consumption and GC risk in the Korean population.

Materials And Methods: PRS for GC (PRS-GC) and alcohol consumption (PRS-Alcohol) were formulated using genome-wide association results from BioBank Japan. Validation was performed using Korean cohorts (SNUBH-GENIE cohort), incorporating 8,846 controls and 531 patients with GC.

Spatial transcriptomics reveal high T cell and monocyte status as predictive and prognostic markers in pancreatic cancer.

Background: In the present study, we intended to discover predictive or prognostic factors of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). We intended to investigate the differences between PDAC cases that are treated with upfront surgery (UFS) and surgery after neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX chemotherapy (NAT), and cases with good and poor responses to NAT, using digital spatial profiling (DSP) and immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis.

Methods: Forty-eight PDAC cases that were surgically resected with or without NAT were included.

Opportunistic screening of osteoporosis using CT urography: comparison of diagnostic performance between contrast phases.

BackgroundOpportunistic screening of osteoporosis using computed tomography (CT) should be optimized according to CT protocols. However, to date, no study has evaluated the different contrast phases of CT urography in osteoporosis screening.PurposeTo compare the diagnostic performance of different contrast phases of CT urography in opportunistic screening of osteoporosis.

Enhanced Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Using Biomass-Activated Carbon Nanosheets Derived from Eucalyptus Leaves.

Carbonaceous-based metal-free catalysts are promising aspirants for effective electrocatalytic hydrogen generation. Herein, we synthesized mesoporous-activated carbon nanosheets (ELC) from biomass leaves through KOH activation. The microstructure, structural, and textural characteristics of the prepared materials were characterized by FE-SEM, Raman, XRD, and BET measurements.

Cuttlefish-Bone-Derived Hybrid Composite Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering.

Current investigations into the fabrication of innovative biomaterials that stimulate cartilage development result from increasing interest due to emerging bone defects. In particular, the investigation of biomaterials for musculoskeletal therapies extensively depends on the development of various hydroxyapatite (HA)/sodium alginate (SA) composites. Cuttlefish bone (CFB)-derived composite scaffolds for hard tissue regeneration have been effectively illustrated in this investigation using a hydrothermal technique.

rs762855 single nucleotide polymorphism modulates the risk for diffuse-type gastric cancer in females: a genome-wide association study in the Korean population.

Background: Intestinal-type gastric cancer (IGC) and diffuse-type gastric cancer (DGC) exhibit different prevalence rates between sexes. While environmental factors like Helicobacter pylori infection and alcohol consumption contribute to these differences, they do not fully account for them, suggesting a role for host genetic factors.

Methods: We conducted a meta-analysis to explore associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the risk of IGC or DGC.

Clinical implementation of next-generation sequencing testing and genomically-matched therapy: a real-world data in a tertiary hospital.

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) cancer profiling has gained traction in routine clinical practice in South Korea. Here, we evaluated the use of NGS testing and genomically-matched therapies for patients with advanced solid tumors in a real-world clinical practice. We analyzed results from NGS cancer panel tests (SNUBH pan-cancer version 2) ordered from June 2019 to June 2020.

Genetic alteration analysis of non-pediatric diffuse midline glioma, H3 K27-altered.

Diffuse midline gliomas with H3 K27-alteration (DMGH3) are lethal and inoperable brain tumors. Although DMGH3s mainly occur in pediatric patients, they have also occurred in adult patients. This study aimed to analyze the clinicopathological significance of targetable genetic alterations in non-pediatric DMGH3.

KTED: a comprehensive web-based database for transposable elements in the Korean genome.

Summary: Transposable elements (TEs), commonly referred to as "mobile elements," constitute DNA segments capable of relocating within a genome. Initially disregarded as "junk DNA" devoid of specific functionality, it has become evident that TEs have diverse influences on an organism's biology and health. The impact of these elements varies according to their location, classification, and their effects on specific genes or regulatory components.

High-Performance Memristive Synapse Based on Space-Charge-Limited Conduction in LiNbO.

Advancing neuromorphic computing technology requires the development of versatile synaptic devices. In this study, we fabricated a high-performance Al/LiNbO/Pt memristive synapse and emulated various synaptic functions using its primary key operating mechanism, known as oxygen vacancy-mediated valence charge migration (V-VCM). The voltage-controlled V-VCM induced space-charge-limited conduction and self-rectifying asymmetric hysteresis behaviors.

Recent Advances and Remaining Challenges in Perovskite Solar Cell Components for Innovative Photovoltaics.

This article reviews the latest advancements in perovskite solar cell (PSC) components for innovative photovoltaic applications. Perovskite materials have emerged as promising candidates for next-generation solar cells due to their exceptional light-absorbing capabilities and facile fabrication processes. However, limitations in their stability, scalability, and efficiency have hindered their widespread adoption.

Reservoir Computing System with Diverse Input Patterns in HfAlO-Based Ferroelectric Memristor.

Ferroelectric memristors, particularly those based on hafnia, are gaining attention as potential candidates for neuromorphic computing. These devices offer advantages over perovskite-based ferroelectric memristors owing to their simpler structures, compatibility with complementary metal-oxide semiconductor technology, and low-power consumption characteristics. Additionally, improvements in ferroelectric memristor's performance, such as enhancing tunneling electro resistance (TER) and polarization retention, can be achieved using methods like aluminum doping and insulating film deposition.

Evaluation of PD-L1 expression in PBRM1-altered clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Purpose: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) often harbors Polybromo 1 (PBRM1) alterations. These alterations are associated with immune checkpoint blockade response in ccRCC, particularly antiprogrammed cell death 1 (PD1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1)-targeted therapy. However, the association between PBRM1 alterations and PD-L1 expression in ccRCC remains unclear.

Detecting microsatellite instability by length comparison of microsatellites in the 3' untranslated region with RNA-seq.

Microsatellite instability (MSI), a phenomenon caused by deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) mismatch repair system deficiencies, is an important biomarker in cancer research and clinical diagnostics. MSI detection often involves next-generation sequencing data, with many studies focusing on DNA. Here, we introduce a novel approach by measuring microsatellite lengths directly from ribonucleic acid sequencing (RNA-seq) data and comparing its distribution to detect MSI.

Association of TP53 Mutation Status and Sex with Clinical Outcome in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Purpose: Some studies suggest that TP53 mutations are associated with the response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and also contribute to sex disparities in several cancers. Thus, we hypothesized that TP53 mutations might serve as sex-dependent genomic biomarkers of ICI treatment response in patients with NSCLC.

Materials And Methods: Clinical data of 100 patients with metastatic NSCLC treated with ICI monotherapy at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital (SNUBH) were retrospectively reviewed.

Late-Onset Slowly Progressing Cone/Macular Dystrophy in Patients With the Biallelic Hypomorphic Variant p.Arg1933Ter in RP1.

Purpose: Homozygous hypomorphic variants of the RP1 gene, including c.5797C>T, p.Arg1933Ter, have traditionally been considered non-pathogenic.

Patient-Derived Organoids Recapitulate Pathological Intrinsic and Phenotypic Features of Fibrous Dysplasia.

Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a rare bone disorder characterized by the replacement of normal bone with benign fibro-osseous tissue. Developments in our understanding of the pathophysiology and treatment options are impeded by the lack of suitable research models. In this study, we developed an in vitro organotypic model capable of recapitulating key intrinsic and phenotypic properties of FD.

High-Performance Memristive Synapse Composed of Ferroelectric ZnVO-Based Schottky Junction.

In pursuit of realizing neuromorphic computing devices, we demonstrated the high-performance synaptic functions on the top-to-bottom Au/ZnVO/Pt two-terminal ferroelectric Schottky junction (FSJ) device architecture. The active layer of ZnVO exhibited the ferroelectric characteristics because of the broken lattice-translational symmetry, arising from the incorporation of smaller V ions into smaller Zn host lattice sites. The fabricated FSJ devices displayed an asymmetric hysteresis behavior attributed to the ferroelectric polarization-dependent Schottky field-emission rate difference in between positive and negative bias voltage regions.

Comprehensive RNA-sequencing analysis of colorectal cancer in a Korean cohort.

Considering the recent increase in the number of colorectal cancer (CRC) cases in South Korea, we aimed to clarify the molecular characteristics of CRC unique to the Korean population. To gain insights into the complexities of CRC and promote the exchange of critical data, RNA-sequencing analysis was performed to reveal the molecular mechanisms that drive the development and progression of CRC; this analysis is critical for developing effective treatment strategies. We performed RNA-sequencing analysis of CRC and adjacent normal tissue samples from 214 Korean participants (comprising a total of 381 including 169 normal and 212 tumor samples) to investigate differential gene expression between the groups.

Exploring quantitative traits-associated copy number deletions through reanalysis of UK10K consortium whole genome sequencing cohorts.

Objectives: We performed comprehensive association analyses of common high-confidence gnomAD-reported copy number deletions (CNDs) with 60 quantitative traits from UK10K consortium WGS data.

Methods: The study made use of data generated by the UK10K Consortium. UK10K consortium WGS data consist of TwinsUK (n = 1754, middle-aged females) and ALSPAC (n = 1867, birth to adolescence) cohorts.

Genomic Landscape of Pulmonary Sarcomatoid Carcinoma.

Purpose: Pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma (PSC) is a rare aggressive subtype of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with limited therapeutic strategies. We attempted to elucidate the evolutionary trajectories of PSC using multiregional and longitudinal tumor samples.

Materials And Methods: A total of 31 patients were enrolled in this study and 11 longitudinal samples were available from them.