Genetic burden and multidimensional predictors in prenatal diagnosis of fetal congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

This study aims to assess the genetic burden of fetal congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) and identify prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal predictors to improve early diagnosis, monitoring, and intervention. This study included 130 CDH fetuses who underwent invasive prenatal diagnosis, with fetal prognosis evaluated using imaging parameters such as observed-to-expected lung-to-head ratio (o/e LHR), observed-to-expected total lung volume (o/e TLV), and percent predicted lung volume (PPLV). Clinical outcomes included neonatal outcomes, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) requirement, and post-neonatal prognosis.

A non-specific lipid transfer protein gene HcnsLTP111 positively regulates drought and salt stress tolerance in kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.).

Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.), an important bast fiber crop with strong abiotic stress tolerance, holds significant significance in the utilization of saline-alkali land and other marginal lands. Non-specific lipid transfer protein (nsLTPs) are key regulators of plant stress responses, yet their roles in kenaf and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain uncharacterized.

Decoding sugarcane smut: the role of effector SsEF83 in fungal virulence and plant interaction.

Sugarcane smut, caused by the fungus , severely affects global sugarcane production. Effector proteins are crucial for fungal invasion and virulence in plants. Nevertheless, few studies have identified effector proteins in and demonstrated their functions in smut progression.

Performance and toxicity assessment of photocatalytic degradation of sulfanilamide by g-CN nanosheets constructed using temperature gradient regulated etching.

To reduce antibiotic pollution in aquaculture wastewater, this study synthesized ecologically safe g-CN nanosheets (UCNx) via a temperature-gradient regulated thermal stripping etching strategy. The effects of etching temperature on material properties and photocatalytic degradation of sulfanilamide (SAs) were systematically investigated. UV-visible DRS and BET results showed that thermal stripping etching significantly optimized the band structure and specific surface area of UCNx: the bandgap of UCN600 (etched at 600 °C) increased from 2.

Effect of Pituitary-Target Gland Axis on RAAS in the Context of COVID-19.

The pituitary gland is a very important endocrine gland in the human body. It secretes and releases many hormones crucial for controlling physiological processes, such as energy metabolism, human growth and development, and reproduction. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system regulates water and salt homeostasis, controlling blood pressure.

Pangenome analysis of transposable element insertion polymorphisms reveals features underlying cold tolerance in rice.

Transposable elements (TEs) introduce genetic and epigenetic variability, contributing to gene expression patterns that drive adaptive evolution in plants. Here, we investigate TE architecture and its effect on cold tolerance in rice. By analyzing a pangenome graph and the resequencing data of 165 rice accessions, we identify 30,316 transposable element insertion polymorphism (TIP) sites, highlighting significant diversity among polymorphic TEs (pTEs).

LBH589 reduces oxidized mitochondrial DNA and suppresses NLRP3 inflammasome activation to relieve pulmonary inflammation.

The NOD-like receptor protein (NLRP)3 inflammasome plays a critical role in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) by activating caspase-1, which cleaves the precursor forms of IL-1β and IL-18 into active cytokines and induces pyroptosis by cleaving gasdermin D (GSDMD). LBH589, a pan-histone deacetylase inhibitor, exhibits promising anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. However, the protective effect and underlying mechanism of LBH589 against ARDS is still unclear.

Synovial infiltrating immune cell heterogeneity associated with synovitis severity and systemic disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disorder characterized by persistent synovitis. The synovial inflammation observed in RA exhibits significant heterogeneity among patients.

Objective: To examine the relationship between major immune cell infiltration profiles in synovium and both local synovitis and systemic manifestations of RA.

Immunofocusing design of a fusion glycoprotein monomer vaccine for respiratory syncytial virus.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) can cause severe lower respiratory tract infections in infants and the elderly. Previously, most RSV vaccine antigen design strategies have focused on the stability of the prefusion (PreF) protein trimer conformation. We hypothesized that the RSV monomer might serve as a vaccine candidate immunogen.

Prenatal Substance Exposure and Obesity: Trajectories of Tri-Ponderal Mass Index in Early Adolescence.

Introduction: The long-term impact of prenatal substance exposure on obesity remains inconclusive. Few studies have explored the trajectories of tri-ponderal mass index, despite its greater accuracy and reliability in assessing adolescent adiposity. The aim of this study was to examine adiposity trajectories assessed by tri-ponderal mass index from preadolescence age to early adolescence and the influence of prenatal substance exposure on these patterns.

Insights into cell wall metabolism and remodeling process of postharvest Coprinus comatus fruiting body.

This study investigated the remodeling process of the cell wall in the postharvest fruiting body of Coprinus comatus. We monitored the changes in the content of cell wall components, the structure of cell wall polysaccharides, and the expression of key carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) involved in cell wall metabolism during the storage period. The results demonstrated a decreasing trend in the structural components (glucan and chitin) of the cell wall, accompanied by a significantly compromised structure.

Lattice thermal conductivity of CsSnBr3/Cs2SnBr6 interface from ab initio based neuroevolution potential simulations.

Engineering of interface phonons is of vital importance to achieve extremely low thermal conducting candidates, which are crucial for energy conversion devices. Here, we reported an ultralow lattice thermal conductivity (0.173 W m-1 K-1) across the all-inorganic halide perovskite CsSnBr3/Cs2SnBr6 interface based on large-scale atomic molecular dynamics simulations.

Structural and functional constraints on spike activation and host protease utilization limit cell entry of SARS-CoV-2-related bat coronaviruses.

Unlabelled: The persistent threat posed by SARS-CoV-2-related coronaviruses (SC2r-CoVs) in wildlife highlights the risk of zoonotic transmission. Cross-species infectivity is predominantly determined by spike (S) character and S-mediated cell entry. In this study, we systematically investigated BANAL-52 and BANAL-103, which exhibit the closest genetic proximity to SARS-CoV-2, focusing on their spike structures and functional characteristics.

Current evidence and strategies for preventing tumor recurrence following thermal ablation of papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Background: The incidence of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) has been increasing, and thermal ablation has emerged as a minimally invasive alternative to surgery for low-risk cases. However, post-ablation tumor progression remains a significant clinical challenge.

Methods: This review synthesizes existing literature on tumor progression after thermal ablation for PTC, analyzing potential causes and evaluating preventive strategies at different diagnostic and treatment stages.

Cholesterol confers resistance to Apatinib-mediated ferroptosis in gastric cancer.

Background: Gastric cancer is the fifth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Apatinib is a third-line treatment for gastric cancer. However, the development of resistance significantly limits its efficacy, and effective and safe strategies to overcome Apatinib resistance remain elusive.

Experimental study on corrugated plate dryer in steam generator under hot working conditions.

In advanced pressurized water reactors, the corrugated plate dryer (CPD) is essential for ensuring the safety and efficiency of nuclear power plants by influencing steam quality in the separation system of steam generators. While previous research has focused on cold-condition experiments, this study addresses the complexities of hot operational conditions, which are more representative of real-world scenarios. By investigating the effects of CPD structural parameters on separation performance, the research establishes an experimental platform that reveals a critical plate spacing where the CPD's critical velocity (CV) peaks.

Inhibition of the NLR pathway alleviates MAPK1 mutation-driven proliferation and differentiation deficits and enhanced apoptosis in P19 cells.

Background: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of birth defect-related mortality. Genetic mutations, including those in the MAPK1 gene, play a critical role in the development of CHD. However, the exact mechanisms by which MAPK1 mutations contribute to CHD remain unclear.

Gender, clinical phenotype and imaging features of patients with late-onset psoriatic arthritis.

Objective: Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the musculoskeletal system. This study aimed to compare the gender, clinical and radiological characteristics between PsA patients with age of onset ≥ 50 years (late-onset) and patients with age of onset < 50 years (early-onset), and analyze the correlation between age onset and disease features.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study of 281 PsA patients from Peking University People's Hospital (2014-2022) was conducted.

Combined General/Epidural Anesthesia vs. General Anesthesia on Postoperative Cytokines: A Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background And Objectives: Local and systemic inflammation is common after surgery and is associated with morbidity and mortality. Inflammatory cytokines have been implicated in cancer metastasis following cancer surgery. The present study aimed to analyze inflammatory cytokines levels after surgery under combined epidural/general anesthesia (EA + GA) vs.

Interfacial Charge Transfer Mechanism and Output Characteristics of Identical-Material Triboelectric Nanogenerators.

When testing the output of piezoelectric devices under different pressures, the friction between the pressure platform and the device causes a large amount of frictional electrical signals to be mixed in the output piezoelectric signal, seriously affecting the measurement accuracy of the piezoelectric signal. The current solution is to encapsulate the contact interface with identical materials to suppress triboelectric interference. However, this work has shown that even when contact separation is implemented at the interface of same media, triboelectric signals can still be generated.

Evaluation of the effects of different formulations of protectants on the preservation of the microbiota in fecal microbiota transplantation.

Background: With the increasing indications for fecal microbiota transplantation for the treatment of diseases, there is a growing demand for the preparation of frozen or lyophilized fecal microbiota products that are viable and can stably colonize the recipient. The addition of protective agents plays an important role in the preparation. However, there has been no systematic evaluation of the protective agents used in fecal microbiota sample transplantation preparation for transplantation.

Prenatal Exome Sequencing for Fetal Macrocephaly: A Large Prospective Observational Cohort Study.

Objective: To assess the diagnostic utility of exome sequencing (ES) in macrocephalic fetuses.

Methods: Fetuses with macrocephaly (head circumference (HC) ≥ +2 SD) and negative chromosomal microarray results were included, who had available trio-ES data. Molecular diagnoses were systematically analyzed.

The Enhanced Measurement Method Based on Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor for Structural Health Monitoring.

The effective measurement method plays a vital role in the structural health monitoring (SHM) field, which provides accurate and real-time information concerning structural conditions and performance. The innovative measurement approach based on strain sensors, referred to as the inverse finite element method (iFEM), has been considered the most promising and versatile technology for meeting the requirements of the SHM system. However, the existing iFEM for shape sensing of thick plate structures has the drawback that the transverse shear effect makes no contribution to the three-dimensional deformation of thick plate structures.