Small extracellular vesicles orchestrated pathological communications between breast cancer cells and cardiomyocytes as a novel mechanism exacerbating anthracycline cardiotoxicity by fueling ferroptosis.

Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) critically orchestrate inter-tissue and inter-organ communications and may play essential roles in heart-tumor interaction. However, whether cancer-secreted sEVs affect the progression of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity (DOXIC) via orchestrating the tumor cell-cardiomyocyte crosstalk has not yet been explored. Herein, we reveal that Doxorubicin (DOX)-treated breast cancer cells secrete sEVs (D-BCC-sEVs) that exacerbate DOX-induced ferroptosis of human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (hiCMs).

FPR2 Agonism Attenuates Restenosis by Mitigating Neointimal Hyperplasia via ELOVL6.

Restenosis following endovascular intervention in lower extremity arterial disease contributes to significant morbidity and mortality. This study investigates the role of formylpeptide receptor 2 (FPR2) in neointimal hyperplasia and evaluates the therapeutic potential of the selective FPR2 agonist BMS-986235 in mitigating restenosis. FPR2 expression was significantly reduced in the popliteal and anterior tibial arteries of male amputees with restenosis compared to healthy controls.

Gibberellic acid and spermine induce mercury tolerance in tomato seedlings by modulating osmolyte, redox homeostasis and detoxification system.

Background: Metal pollution in agricultural soils is imparting devastating influence on the growth and yield of crop plants. Therefore, role of gibberellic acid (GA; 100 mg L) priming and the foliar spray of spermine (Spm; 200 µM) in mitigating the effects of mercury (Hg; 20 µM) stress on growth, photosynthesis, nitrogen metabolism and nutrient uptake were studied in tomato.

Results: Mercury (Hg) significantly reduced plant height, fresh and dry weight, chlorophylls, carotenoids and photosynthetic parameters significantly however, GA and Spm treatments alleviated the decline considerably.

ABERRANT CARBOHYDRATE PARTITIONING 1 modulates sucrose allocation by regulating cell wall formation in rice.

Sucrose (Suc) is transported from source leaves to sink tissues to sustain plant growth, development, and crop yield. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying carbohydrate partitioning still remain largely unclear. Here, we report a rice (Oryza sativa) mutant aberrant carbohydrate partitioning 1 (acp1), which hyperaccumulates carbohydrates in leaves and exhibits leaf chlorosis and premature senescence.

Novel Molecular Signatures of Peripheral Regulatory T Cells in Kidney Disease Associated With Type 1 Diabetes.

Background: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a common complication of type 1 diabetes (T1D). T1D and some kidney disorders are often associated with abnormalities in regulatory T cells (Tregs). However, it is unknown if Treg subsets, and their molecular architecture are altered during the onset and progression of DKD in T1D.

Empowering the Aging Workforce: The Impact of Medical Insurance on Labor Decisions in Rural China.

Background: Understanding how enhanced medical insurance benefits influence labor decisions of rural elderly individuals is crucial for addressing the challenges posed by population aging on labor market. This study investigated the effects of enhanced welfare levels resulting from medical insurance integration on labor decisions of rural elderly individuals. The objective was to offer policy recommendations to the government to mitigate the decline in the working-age population and sustain the momentum and vibrancy of economic and social development.

Comparative analysis of gut symbionts in (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and their dietary substrate, sauce-flavored Daqu.

(red flour beetle), a major pest infesting stored sauce-flavored Daqu (SFD), causes significant economic losses in the sauce-flavored liquor industry. This study analyzed microbial interactions between SFD and (adults and larvae) using 16S rDNA and ITS sequencing. guts primarily hosted Bacteroidota (44.

Review on electrical stimulation combined with electroactive biomaterials to promote peripheral nerve regeneration.

Peripheral nerve injury results in sensory and motor dysfunction, which is an enormous economic burden for patients and society. Complete recovery of peripheral nerve function after injury is complicated. Utilizing the electrophysiological properties of natural nerves for neuronal regulation and axon regeneration has attracted considerable interest.

A Causal Inference Study of Circulating Metabolites Mediating the Effect of Obesity-Related Indicators on the Incidence of Anxiety Disorders.

Background: Previous studies have reported an association between obesity and anxiety; however, these findings are inconclusive and subject to the risk of reverse causality.

Methods: Employing data from the UK Biobank and FinnGen Consortium, this study conducted genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and employed a two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) approach to investigate the association between genetic predictors of obesity and anxiety disorders (AD). A multivariable MR (MVMR) methodology quantified the proportion of the impact of obesity-related indicators on AD mediated by circulating metabolites, accompanied by sensitivity analyses to assess the robustness of the results.

Annexin-A1 deficiency uncovers female-specific pathways in blood pressure control and cardiovascular remodeling in mice.

Cardiovascular disease exhibits distinct sex-based differences, yet the mechanisms underlying these differences remain under-explored. The pro-resolving mediator annexin-A1 (ANXA1) is a pivotal regulator in inflammation resolution and tissue homeostasis, including within the cardiovascular system. However, the sex-specific differences in ANXA1 in blood pressure regulation have not been investigated.

Diagnostic accuracy of wearable ECG and assessment of ventricular repolarization and its cardiovascular risks post cold stress.

Cold stress can affect ventricular repolarization (VR), which may serve as a potential trigger for malignant arrhythmias. Compared to conventional electrocardiogram (ECG) devices, wearable technology is more suitable for out-of-hospital monitoring due to their portability. However, outdoor cold environments can limit their application.

Integrated Phylogenomics and Expression Profiling of the Gene Family in Reveals Their Role in Development and Stress Tolerance.

The () gene family plays a crucial role in multiple biological processes, including microtubule organization, cell division regulation, fruit morphogenesis, stress adaptation, and growth and development. To delve deeper into the potential functions of in , this study employed bioinformatics methods to systematically identify and analyze the family genes in (Westar). Using the model plant as a reference and based on six conserved motifs, 100 members were first identified in .

Insights from precision-cut lung slices-investigating mechanisms and therapeutics for pulmonary hypertension.

Precision-cut lung slices (PCLS) are gaining traction as a versatile ex vivo tool to study mechanisms and treatments for lung diseases. This preparation, in which the major structural elements of the native lung are preserved, bridges the gap between cell and in vivo models allowing researchers to assess integrated functional responses including smooth muscle reactivity, inflammation and tissue remodelling. To date, the application of PCLS to study outcomes relevant to diseases affecting the pulmonary vasculature, such as pulmonary hypertension, is relatively limited compared to those focussed on chronic airway or interstitial lung diseases.

Nuclear localization of YAP in pancreatic cancer: More players besides Hippo pathway.

The Yes-associated protein (YAP) is a critical regulator of organ size and a key player in tumorigenesis, with its activity primarily governed by the Hippo signaling pathway. YAP mainly functions as a transcriptional co-activator, therefore its activity is closely related to its nuclear localization. Recent studies have shed light on mechanisms that regulate YAP's nuclear localization and activation, independent of the Hippo pathway.

Cryptic absence and genetic variation of Plasmodium falciparum PfHRP2 and PfHRP3 from isolates in Papua, Indonesia.

The rising prevalence of histidine-rich protein 2 (PfHRP2) gene deletions (pfhrp2-) poses a threat to the accuracy of PfHRP2-based rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs). However, evidence of this deletion is scarce in Indonesia. We examined the prevalence of pfhrp2 and its paralogue histidine-rich protein 3 (PfHRP3) gene deletions (pfhrp3-) in blood samples collected from a study assessing three PfHRP2-based RDTs conducted between December 2022 and April 2023 in Timika, Papua.

Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting low bone mineral density in male patients with ankylosing spondylitis.

Objective: This retrospective cohort study aimed to develop and validate clinical nomogram models for predicting site-specific low bone mineral density (BMD) risk in male patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS).

Methods: This study enrolled male AS patients treated at the Rheumatology Department of Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine between January 2017 and September 2024. A total of 322 eligible patients were randomly allocated to training and validation cohorts at a 7:3 ratio.

Exosomal transfer of pro-pyroptotic miR-216a-5p exacerbates anthracycline cardiotoxicity through breast cancer-heart pathological crosstalk.

Doxorubicin (DOX) is the most effective chemotherapeutic for breast cancer, but it is usually associated with severe cardiotoxicity. Further investigation to alleviate its side effects is essential. The present study investigated the mechanism of the cross-organ communication between tumors and the heart and potential intervention targets.

Selenium: The Toxicant for Pathogen and Pest but the Guardian of Soil and Crop.

Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient for higher organisms and plays a beneficial role in plant growth and development. In recent years, there has been growing interest in the using of Se to enhance plant resilience, particularly in mitigating the effects of diseases and pests in agricultural systems. This review offers a comprehensive analysis of the sources and chemical forms of Se in soil, investigates the mechanisms of plant uptake and metabolism of different Se forms, and evaluates the physical and chemical inhibition of pathogens by various Se forms, as well as the role of Se in enhancing plant systemic resistance for crop protection.

Extracellular vesicles-miR-205-5p inhibits lymphatic metastasis in pancreatic cancer through diffusely downregulating VEGFA.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is to become the second leading cause of cancer-related death by 2040. Many factors contribute to this dilemma, including lymphatic metastasis, which is the primary cause of PDAC metastasis. The inhibition of early lymph node metastasis, including the lymphangiogenic process, may be a novel strategy for PDAC treatment.

Imbalanced goal-directed and habitual control in individuals with internet gaming disorder.

Background And Aims: The shift from goal-directed to habitual control is a well-documented phenomenon in addiction research and is considered a critical factor in the development and maintenance of addictive behaviors. Whether Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) is also associated with such a shift is not yet clear. The current study investigated the imbalance between goal-directed and habitual control in individuals with IGD.

Experiment study on UAV target detection algorithm based on YOLOv8n-ACW.

To address the challenges associated with dense and occluded targets in small target detection utilizing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), we propose an enhanced detection algorithm referred as the YOLOv8n-ACW. Building upon the YOLOv8n baseline network model, we have integrated Adown into the Backbone and developed a CCDHead to further improve the drone's capability to recognize small targets. Additionally, WIoU-V3 has been introduced as the loss function.

Phthalocyanine and photodynamic therapy relieve albumin paclitaxel and gemcitabine chemoresistance in pancreatic cancer.

Pancreatic cancer (PCa) is a solid tumor with extremely high malignancy and poor prognosis. Chemotherapy is an important treatment option. Compared with gemcitabine alone, albumin paclitaxel plus gemcitabine (AG) is more effective in the treatment of advanced PCa.

RNA binding protein Pumilio2 promotes chemoresistance of pancreatic cancer via focal adhesion pathway and interacting with transcription factor EGR1.

Pancreatic cancer (PCa) has insidious onset, high malignancy and poor prognosis. Gemcitabine (GEM) is one of the first-line chemotherapy drugs for PCa. However, GEM resistance has always been a bottleneck problem leading to recurrence and death of PCa patients.