Leveraging metal sites in doped metal halide perovskites for enhanced photocatalysis: fundamentals and applications.

Metal halide perovskites (MHPs) with unique structures and excellent photoelectric properties are deemed promising photocatalytic materials to eliminate the rising environmental and energy issues. However, MHPs often suffer from poor stability, fast charge carrier recombination rates, a deficiency of active sites, and band gap mismatch. The structure and electronic properties of MHPs can be regulated through metal doping strategies and used in various photocatalytic applications.

Near-Infrared Light-Driven Condensation Using Branched Two-Photon-Absorbing Organic Photocatalysts with Viscosity-Dependent Properties.

Most reported photocatalytic systems that primarily rely on the absorption of ultraviolet (UV) and short visible light irradiation face significant limitations, including shallow penetration in reaction media, competing absorption with substrates and catalysts, and incompatibility with light-sensitive molecules. These drawbacks can be largely avoided if the same reaction can be operated under near-infrared (NIR) light irradiation. Herein, we report a novel family of branched pyridinium-based photocatalysts designed with elegant donor-π-acceptor (D-π-A) architectures and exceptional two-photon absorption (TPA) capabilities in the deep-red and NIR regions.

Selenium: The Toxicant for Pathogen and Pest but the Guardian of Soil and Crop.

Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient for higher organisms and plays a beneficial role in plant growth and development. In recent years, there has been growing interest in the using of Se to enhance plant resilience, particularly in mitigating the effects of diseases and pests in agricultural systems. This review offers a comprehensive analysis of the sources and chemical forms of Se in soil, investigates the mechanisms of plant uptake and metabolism of different Se forms, and evaluates the physical and chemical inhibition of pathogens by various Se forms, as well as the role of Se in enhancing plant systemic resistance for crop protection.

3D lymphoma segmentation on PET/CT images via multi-scale information fusion with cross-attention.

Background: Accurate segmentation of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) lesions is challenging due to their complex patterns in medical imaging. Traditional methods often struggle to delineate these lesions accurately.

Objective: This study aims to develop a precise segmentation method for DLBCL using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) and computed tomography (CT) images.

Comparative Genomic Analysis of Two Monokaryons of Hei29.

is a valuable traditional Chinese fungus used as food and medicine. Hei29 is a strain derived from wild through systematic domestication and selection. It has been the primary variety in Northeast China for 30 years and offers the advantages of high yield, good commercial property, and stable traits.

A noise reduction method for rolling bearing based on improved Wiener filtering.

To accurately identify compound faults of bearings, a new noise reduction method is presented. With the new method, input signals and the order of Wiener filtering are adaptively determined according to feature mode decomposition (FMD), signal evaluation index, and Euclidean distance. First, to effectively separate frequency components from vibration signals, vibration signals are decomposed into modal components based on the FMD algorithm; second, kurtosis, root mean square, and variance, which are sensitive to fault information, are selected to build evaluation vectors.

Unlocking High-Throughput Plasma-Catalytic Low-Temperature Oxidation of -Hexane over Single-Atom Ag/MnO Catalysts.

The total oxidation of -hexane, a hazardous volatile organic compound (VOC) emitted by the pharmaceutical industry, presents a significant environmental challenge due to limited catalyst activity at low temperatures and poor stability at high temperatures. Here, we present a novel approach that overcomes these limitations by employing single-atom Ag/MnO catalysts coupled with nonthermal plasma (NTP). This strategy achieves exceptional performance in -hexane oxidation at low temperatures, demonstrating 96.

From one to two: construction of CN-poly(triazine imide) heterojunction for enhanced O activation.

A novel CN-poly(triazine imide) (PTI) heterojunction was designed and constructed using a thermal polymerization process, and featured an intimate S-scheme interface coupling and a particularly good performance for HO production. This work provides a new perspective for constructing metal-free CN-based heterojunctions to be used for selective molecular oxygen activation.

Incremental Value of Radiomics Features of Epicardial Adipose Tissue for Detecting the Severity of COVID-19 Infection.

Introduction: Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is known for its pro-inflammatory properties and association with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity. However, existing detection methods for COVID-19 severity assessment often lack consideration of organs and tissues other than the lungs, which limits the accuracy and reliability of these predictive models.

Material And Methods: The retrospective study included data from 515 COVID-19 patients (Cohort 1, n=415; Cohort 2, n=100) from two centers (Shanghai Public Health Center and Brazil Niteroi Hospital) between January 2020 and July 2020.

Photocatalytic production of a C liquid biofuel precursor and H by Ni(OH)-ZnInS in anaerobic water.

Herein, we presented a bifunctional photocatalytic system for 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) valorization over Ni(OH)-modified ZnInS. Instead of forming 2,5-diformylfuran C products from conventional HMF aerobic oxidation, C-C coupling C products and H were produced in anaerobic water, which can be an important liquid fuel intermediate and gaseous energy carrier, respectively. This work could spark more insight for biomass utilization.

All-in-One: Plasmonic Janus Heterostructures for Efficient Cooperative Photoredox Catalysis.

Janus heterostructures consisting of multiple jointed components with distinct properties have gained growing interest in the photoredox catalytic field. Herein, we have developed a facile low-temperature method to gain anisotropic one-dimensional Au-tipped CdS (Au-CdS) nanorods (NRs), followed by assembling Ru molecular co-catalyst (RuN) onto the surface of the NRs. The CdS NRs decorated with plasmonic Au nanoparticles and RuN complex harness the virtues of metal-semiconductor and inorganic-organic interface, giving directional charge transfer channels, spatially separated reaction sites, and enhanced local electric field distribution.

Enhancing the health benefits of air quality improvement: a comparative study across diverse scenarios.

In many studies, linear methods were used to calculate health benefits of air quality improvement, but the relationship between air pollutants and diseases may be complex and nonlinear. In addition, previous studies using reference number as average number of diseases may overestimate the health benefits. Therefore, the nonlinear model estimation and resetting of the reference number were very important.

An automated two-stage approach to kidney and tumor segmentation in CT imaging.

Background: The incidence of kidney tumors is progressively increasing each year. The precision of segmentation for kidney tumors is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.

Objective: To enhance accuracy and reduce manual involvement, propose a deep learning-based method for the automatic segmentation of kidneys and kidney tumors in CT images.

Efficient electrocardiogram generation based on cardiac electric vector simulation model.

This study introduces a novel Cardiac Electric Vector Simulation Model (CEVSM) to address the computational inefficiencies and low fidelity of traditional electrophysiological models in generating electrocardiograms (ECGs). Our approach leverages CEVSM to efficiently produce reliable ECG samples, facilitating data augmentation essential for the computer-aided diagnosis of myocardial infarction (MI). Significantly, experimental results show that our model dramatically reduces computation time compared to conventional models, with the self-adapting regression transformation matrix method (SRTM) providing clear advantages.

Transcriptome analysis and development of EST-SSR markers in the mushroom Auricularia heimuer.

Auricularia heimuer, the third most frequently cultivated edible mushroom species worldwide, has high medicinal value. However, a shortage of molecular marker hinders the efficiency and accuracy of genetic breeding efforts for A. heimuer.

Selenium in soil enhances resistance of oilseed rape to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum by optimizing the plant microbiome.

Plants can recruit beneficial microbes to enhance their ability to resist disease. It is well established that selenium is beneficial in plant growth, but its role in mediating microbial disease resistance remains poorly understood. Here, we investigated the correlation between selenium, oilseed rape rhizosphere microbes, and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum.

Fish sonar image recognition algorithm based on improved YOLOv5.

Fish stock assessment is crucial for sustainable marine fisheries management in rangeland ecosystems. To address the challenges posed by the overfishing of offshore fish species and facilitate comprehensive deep-sea resource evaluation, this paper introduces an improved fish sonar image detection algorithm based on the you only look once algorithm, version 5 (YOLOv5). Sonar image noise often results in blurred targets and indistinct features, thereby reducing the precision of object detection.

Effects of extreme temperature events on deaths and its interaction with air pollution.

Background: Both extreme temperature events (ETEs) and air pollution affected human health, and their effects were often not independent. Previous studies have provided limited information on the interactions between ETEs and air pollution.

Methods: We collected data on deaths (non-accidental, cardiovascular, and respiratory) in Zibo City along with daily air pollution and meteorological data from January 2015 to December 2019.

Microencapsulated Encoding Lactoferricin-Lactoferrampin Targeted Intestine against Infection.

serovar Typhimurium () is an important foodborne pathogen that infects both humans and animals and develops acute gastroenteritis. As porcine intestines are relatively similar to the human ones due to their relatively similar sizes and structural similarity, causes analogous symptoms in both. Novel strategies for controlling infection are also desired, such as mucosal-targeted delivery of probiotics and antimicrobial peptides.

Ni(OH) surface-modified hierarchical ZnInS nanosheets: dual photocatalytic application and mechanistic insights.

The simultaneous utilization of electrons and holes to couple photocatalytic H production with selective biomass transformation has attracted immense interest toward achieving sustainability in the fields of energy and chemical industry. In this study, by assembling highly dispersed Ni(OH) onto ZnInS (ZIS), efficient H evolution along with highly selective photocatalytic oxidation of furfuryl alcohol (FA) to furfural (FF) in pure water was achieved under anaerobic conditions. The H production and FA conversion rates over the optimal Ni-ZIS sample reached about 686 and 583 μmol g h, respectively, about 4.

Maleic acid and malonic acid reduced the pathogenicity of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum by inhibiting mycelial growth, sclerotia formation and virulence factors.

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a necrotrophic plant pathogenic fungus with broad distribution and host range. Bioactive compounds derived from plant extracts have been proven to be effective in controlling S. sclerotiorum.

DOA Estimation for Coherent Sources Based on Uniformly Distributed Two Concentric Rings Array.

The direction estimation of the coherent source in a uniform circular array is an essential part of the signal processing area of the array, but the traditional uniform circular array algorithm has a low localization accuracy and a poor localization effect on the coherent source. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a two-dimensional direction of arrival (DOA) estimation for the coherent source in broadband. Firstly, the central frequency of the coherent sound source is estimated using the frequency estimation method of the delayed data, and a real-valued beamformer is constructed using the concept of the multiloop phase mode.

[A review on intelligent auxiliary diagnosis methods based on electrocardiograms for myocardial infarction].

Myocardial infarction (MI) has the characteristics of high mortality rate, strong suddenness and invisibility. There are problems such as the delayed diagnosis, misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis in clinical practice. Electrocardiogram (ECG) examination is the simplest and fastest way to diagnose MI.

Near-Infrared Light-Driven Photocatalysis with an Emphasis on Two-Photon Excitation: Concepts, Materials, and Applications.

Efficient utilization of sunlight in photocatalysis is widely recognized as a promising solution for addressing the growing energy demand and environmental issues resulting from fossil fuel consumption. Recently, there have been significant developments in various near-infrared (NIR) light-harvesting systems for artificial photosynthesis and photocatalytic environmental remediation. This review provides an overview of the most recent advancements in the utilization of NIR light through the creation of novel nanostructured materials and molecular photosensitizers, as well as modulating strategies to enhance the photocatalytic processes.