The gut microbiome: a vital link to hyperuricemia, gout and acute flares?

Objectives: To explore the associations between the gut microbiome and asymptomatic hyperuricemia, as well as acute gout flares.

Methods: Forty-three Chinese participants were divided into healthy and hyperuricemic groups according to serum uric acid (SUA) levels. The hyperuricemia group were further separated into asymptomatic hyperuricemia (HUA) and gout patients on the basis of their clinical symptoms.

Regulated Cell Death-Targeted Ocular Nanomedicine.

The pathological mechanism of ocular disorders is closely related to dysregulated proliferation or death of ocular cells. Regulated cell death (RCD) is a form of cell death controlled by specific signaling pathways. Diverse types of RCD, such as apoptosis, ferroptosis, autophagy, pyroptosis, and necroptosis, are prevalent in many eye diseases, while the modulation of RCD can alter ocular cell fate and improve disease progression.

Intensive Antihypertensive Treatment and Cerebral Small Vessel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Clinical Trials.

Introduction: Hypertension is a significant risk factor for the development of cerebral small vessel disease (SVD). This study was performed to evaluate the impact of intensive antihypertensive treatment on the progression of imaging markers and cognitive function of SVD.

Methods: Two independent reviewers searched for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the associations between intensive antihypertensive treatment and the progression of imaging markers of SVD, including white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), brain atrophy, lacunes, or microbleeds and cognitive function scores.

Cell-based therapies for traumatic optic neuropathy: Recent advances, challenges, and perspectives.

Traumatic optic neuropathy is a form of optic neuropathy resulting from trauma. Its pathophysiological mechanisms involve primary and secondary injury phases, leading to progressive retinal ganglion cell loss and axonal degeneration. Contributing factors such as physical trauma, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and glial scar formation exacerbate disease progression and retinal ganglion cell death.

Disrupted priming within draining lymph nodes drives immune quiescence in gastric cancer.

The gastric mucosa is characterized by continuous innate immune surveillance and inflammatory signaling, yet a high proportion of gastric carcinomas (GCs) are recalcitrant to immune-directed therapies. The mechanisms by which GCs evade adaptive immune surveillance within the highly antigenic microenvironment of the gastric mucosa remains unknown. To address this, we collected patient-matched tumor tissue, distant normal tissue, metastasis, and draining lymph nodes to generate a large-scale single-cell immune profiling dataset from 64 patients (n=179 samples, >150,000 cells).

The role of HMOX1-mediated ferroptosis in blue light-induced damage to retinal pigment epithelium.

Currently, blue light irradiation is frequently encountered in daily life and is widely considered a high-risk factor for retinal damage. In particular, blue light-induced dysfunction and death of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) may ultimately contribute to irreversible vision impairment and even blindness. However, the underlying pathogenic mechanism and pathogenically targeted protection against blue light-induced RPE degeneration remain unclear.

Spontaneous brain activity in patients with type 2 diabetes: linking serum neuroproteins to cognitive ability.

Background: Cognitive impairment is a complication of type 2 diabetes with high prevalence and serious harm. This study aims to identify serum and imaging biomarkers of type 2 diabetes with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and to study whether spontaneous brain activities evaluated by functional MRI mediate the relationships between these serum neuroprotein biomarkers and cognitive ability.

Methods: According to Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores, 38 patients with MCI and 32 patients with normal cognition in type 2 diabetes were recruited.

ROS-Responsive Hydrogel Delivering METRNL Enhances Bone Regeneration via Dual Stem Cell Homing and Vasculogenesis Activation.

Critical-sized bone defects arising from bone-related diseases pose a clinical challenge, exceeding the body's natural healing capacity. Evidence has shown that a disordered microenvironment characterized by reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction, vascular damage, and osteoblast deficiency severely hinders bone repair. Therefore, the reconstruction of microenvironmental homeostasis post-injury is of utmost importance.

A novel nomogram based on the identification of sTREM2 as a biomarker to predict developing neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus in lupus patients.

Objectives: This study aimed to identify potential biomarkers and construct a nomogram able to predict the development of neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) among SLE patients.

Methods: Using bioinformatics analysis, TREM2 was identified as an upregulated gene in NPSLE, participating in various pathological pathways of NPSLE. This study included 80 NPSLE patients and three matched SLE controls with no neuropsychiatric events (non-NPSLE controls) for each of the NPSLE patients.

Association of the Monocyte-to-High Density Lipoprotein Ratio with the FRS and as a Predictor of Cardiovascular Risk in Individuals with Psoriasis Vulgaris.

Objective: The monocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein ratio (MHR) has emerged as a novel inflammatory biomarker associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). This retrospective study aimed to investigate the relationship between MHR and the Framingham risk score (FRS) and assess the prognostic significance of this relationship for mid- to high-risk CVD in individuals with psoriasis vulgaris (PsV).

Methods: A total of 128 PsV patients and 120 healthy controls were included.

Nonoperative Management of Mismatch Repair-Deficient Tumors.

Background: Among patients with mismatch repair-deficient (dMMR), locally advanced rectal cancer, neoadjuvant checkpoint blockade eliminated the need for surgery in a high proportion of patients. Whether this approach can be extended to all early-stage dMMR solid tumors, regardless of tumor site, is unknown.

Methods: We conducted a phase 2 study in which patients with stage I, II, or III dMMR solid tumors that were amenable to curative-intent surgery were treated with neoadjuvant dostarlimab, a programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) blocking agent, for 6 months.

Yiqi Wenyang decoction protects against the development of atherosclerosis by inhibiting vascular inflammation.

Context: Vascular inflammation is a key process in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, which is regulated by NF-κB pathway. Yiqi Wenyang decoction (YQWY), a Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, has anti-inflammatory properties and may inhibit this pathway, potentially offering anti-atherosclerotic effects.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of YQWY on atherosclerosis and the underlying mechanism.

Enhancing the precision of auxiliary diagnosis for lung cancer through use of and methylation status in lung biopsy and lymph node biopsy specimens.

Background: Exfoliated cells in biopsy fluid are commonly utilized for cytological testing to complement histological examination. Nevertheless, the sensitivity of cytological testing is relatively low. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify more sensitive biomarkers that can substitute for cytology and improve the overall diagnostic accuracy of lung cancer biopsies.

Organelle-oriented nanomedicines in tumor therapy: Targeting, escaping, or collaborating?

Precise tumor therapy is essential for improving treatment specificity, enhancing efficacy, and minimizing side effects. Targeting organelles is a key strategy for achieving this goal and is a frontier research area attracting a considerable amount of attention. The concept of organelle targeting has a significant effect on the structural design of the nanodrugs employed.

Facile fabrication of transparent and stretchable cellulose ionic gel paper for sustainable use in multifunctional sensors and optoelectronic devices.

Although transparent paper derived from cellulose has been successfully demonstrated as an inexpensive, renewable and biodegradable substrate used for flexible electronics, the inherently stiff characteristic and intrinsic poor conductivity of the cellulose paper inevitably hinders its application in stretchable electronic devices. Herein, we report a new avenue for construction of highly stretchable, transparent, and ionic conductive cellulose gel paper via glycerol inducing plasticizing and CaCl initiating chelating, a facile casting and drying strategy. The renewable carboxymethyl cellulose is employed for its intrinsically abundant carboxyl groups for crosslinking with Ca via ionic coordination bonds, benefiting the improvement of various performances.

Case report: Clinical and molecular features of renal gastrointestinal tumor.

While gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) often arise within the GI tract, it is well known that GISTs may also rarely emanate outside of the digestive system. Prior case reports have documented various primary sites in non-GI organs [extra-intestinal GIST (EGIST)], yet only one report has described a localized GIST of renal origin. Here, we describe a patient who presented with bilateral renal masses who was found to have a large unresectable renal GIST tumor treated with imatinib.

Frontier applications of retinal nanomedicine: progress, challenges and perspectives.

The human retina is a fragile and sophisticated light-sensitive tissue in the central nervous system. Unhealthy retinas can cause irreversible visual deterioration and permanent vision loss. Effective therapeutic strategies are restricted to the treatment or reversal of these conditions.

Message framing materials applied to healthy eating decision-making for pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus: An exploratory study.

Aims: To develop and initially validate message framing materials for promoting healthy dietary decisions in GDM populations.

Methods: The Delphi survey involved 17 experts, and consensus was obtained after two rounds. In Pre-survey I, 30 participants randomly selected one material (gain framing vs.

Undercoordinated Two-Dimensional Pt Nanoring Stabilized by a Ring-on-Sheet Nanoheterostructure for Highly Efficient Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution Reaction.

Platinum (Pt) is a state-of-the-art electrocatalyst for green hydrogen production in alkaline electrolytes. The delicate design and fabrication of two-dimensional (2D) Pt nanocatalysts can significantly enhance atomic utilization efficiency, while further improving intrinsic catalytic performance by modulating the density of surface active sites. However, the high surface energy and morphology complexity of 2D nanostructures often result in poor structural stability under the working conditions.

Correlation Between Grade of Clinical Response to Neoadjuvant Therapy for Rectal Cancer and Oncologic Outcomes in the Era of Watch-and-Wait.

Background: The watch-and-wait strategy provides an opportunity to pursue nonoperative management in rectal cancer patients with clinical complete response after neoadjuvant therapy. The management of those with near-complete response remains controversial.

Objective: We assessed the oncologic outcomes of patients managed by watch-and-wait versus total mesorectal excision according to clinical response to neoadjuvant therapy.

Clinical characteristics and repositioning efficacy analysis of posterior canal-benign paroxysmal positional vertigo-canalolithiasis and vertigo-cupulolithiasis patients.

Background: Currently, there is a ‌paucity of research‌ comparing the clinical characteristics and repositioning efficacy between ‌posterior canal-benign paroxysmal positional vertigo-canalolithiasis (PC-BPPV-ca)‌ and ‌posterior canal-benign paroxysmal positional vertigo-cupulolithiasis (PC-BPPV-cu)‌.

Aims/objectives: To observe the clinical characteristics and compare the efficacy of repositioning maneuvers between PC-BPPV-ca and PC-BPPV-cu patients.

Material And Methods: Clinical information of patients was collected.

Short-term efficacy of right-to-left shunt closure in patients with vestibular migraine.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the short-term efficacy of right-to-left shunt closure in vestibular migraine patients, and compare the efficacy between patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure and pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (PAVM) embolization. Additionally, the study identifies factors related to surgical outcomes.

Methods: Forty-one patients with vestibular migraine and medium to large right-to-left shunts underwent surgery: PFO closure, PAVM embolization, or both.

Astragaloside IV ameliorates atherosclerosis by targeting TAK1 to suppress endothelial cell proinflammatory activation.

Background: Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease mainly characterized by the activation of endothelial cells and recruitment of macrophages, leading to plaque formation. Astragaloside IV (AS-IV), a natural saponin derived from Astragalus mongholicus Bunge, has been shown to confer protective effects against cardiovascular diseases.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore the role of AS-IV on atherosclerosis and the underlying mechanism.