FSP1 reduces exogenous coenzyme Q10 and inhibits ferroptosis to alleviate intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Introduction: Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a critical condition often requiring emergency intervention. Ferroptosis, a form of regulated cell death driven by phospholipid peroxidation, plays a central role in its pathogenesis.

Objective: This study aimed to explore whether CoQ10 could mitigate intestinal IRI by suppressing ferroptosis.

Mechanisms of Manganese-Selenium Synergistic Mitigation of Arsenic-Cadmium Cotoxicity in Rice ().

Cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) cocontamination threatens rice safety. In this study, the dual advantage of trace nutrient elements to enhance rice nutrition while reducing toxic metals was utilized, and coapplication of manganese (Mn) and selenium (Se) was proposed as a new strategy to address Cd-As cocontamination in rice. The experiment showed that the synergistic reduction of Cd and As in brown rice was superior to a single treatment.

Different effects and mechanism of selenium speciation on cadmium uptake by rice (Oryza sativa L.).

Cadmium (Cd) contamination in rice poses a serious threat to global food security and human health. Selenium (Se), as a natural mineral element, plays an important role in mitigating Cd stress in rice and Se deficiency in humans. However, there are fewer studies on whether different forms of Se make a difference in the uptake of Cd by rice, which seriously limits the application of Se in mitigating Cd contamination in rice.

The dual role of selenium in mitigating cadmium toxicity and inhibiting trace element uptake in rice highlights the critical trade-off for safe agricultural production.

Cadmium (Cd) accumulation in rice poses a serious threat to global food security and human health. While selenium (Se), a plant-beneficial nutrient, has demonstrated effectiveness in alleviating Cd stress in rice through mechanism that involve regulation of trace element transporters to inhibit Cd uptake and transport, however, it is unclear whether this intervention might inadvertently cause a rice grain-quality problem of essential micronutrient deficiency. In this study, we explored the changes of 17 mineral elements in rice under Se-Cd interaction based on ionomics and Cd transporter expression levels by combining laboratory and field samples.

Highly Efficient Assembly-Line Production of Long-Chain Hydrocarbons via Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis over Ru/TiO Catalysts.

The assembly-line strategy serves as an effective way for optimizing tandem steps in the fields of enzyme catalysis and homogeneous catalysis. Herein, we rationally construct efficient Ru/TiO catalysts for an important industrial heterogeneous reaction of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS), involving CO dissociation, hydrogenation, and C-C coupling complex processes. These catalysts feature an "assembly-line" structure composed of oxygen vacancies (O), interfacial Ru (Ru at Ru-O-Ti), and exposed Ru (Ru) sites.

Nanoparticle-mediated SIRT1 inhibition suppresses M2 macrophage polarization and hepatocarcinogenesis in chronic hepatitis B.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major complication of chronic hepatitis B (CHB), with macrophage M2 polarization playing a critical role in shaping the tumor-promoting hepatic immune microenvironment. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) has been implicated in immune modulation and liver carcinogenesis. This study investigates the potential of Mimetic Nanoparticles (MNPs) for delivering SIRT1 inhibitors to regulate macrophage polarization and remodel the hepatic immune microenvironment, aiming to prevent HCC development post-CHB.

In situ stabilization of antimony and arsenic in co-contaminated soil using organic matter-Fe/Mn (hydr)oxides colloids and their mineral phase transformation.

Natural organic matter (NOM) containing Fe/Mn (hydr)oxides effectively stabilizes antimony (Sb) and arsenic (As) in soils. However, the specific type of NOM that limits the mobility of Fe/Mn (hydr)oxides and how NOM-Fe/Mn colloidal properties can be modulated for better Sb and As stabilization remains unclear. This study suggests that the degree of stabilization of the colloidal structure formed between NOM and Fe/Mn (hydr)oxides is crucial for Sb and As stabilization.

Reusable Te-Doped Sn-P-I Catalysts With Anti-Healing P Vacancies and Stable I Sites for Efficient Black Phosphorus Growth.

Black phosphorus (BP) holds significant potential for various applications, but its widespread use requires the development of efficient and cost-effective preparation methods. Sn-P-I clathrates are identified as potential catalysts for BP growth; however, the intact Sn-P-I structure leads to prolonged preparation times, rapid deactivation, and an unclear catalytic mechanism. In this study, a Te-doping strategy is proposed to simultaneously improve the activity and stability of Sn-P-I catalysts.

Collagen type III resists UVB induced photoaging of HaCaT cells by regulating mTOR signaling pathway.

Background: Ultraviolet (UV) is the main factor leading to skin photoaging. In the process of photoaging, the dynamic balance of extracellular matrix is broken, resulting in the increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the accumulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), the decrease of collagen synthesis and the increase of degradation, and the skin becomes loose and wrinkled and pigmented, eventually leading to skin aging.

Objective: To investigate the effect of collagen type III (COLIII) on the autophagy level of human immortalized keratinocytes (HaCaT) induced by ultraviolet B (UVB) and explore whether COLIII can inhibit skin photoaging by changing the autophagy level.

Rab GTPases are evolutionarily conserved signals mediating selective autophagy.

Selective autophagy plays a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis by specifically targeting unwanted cargo labeled with "autophagy cues" signals for autophagic degradation. In this study, we identify Rab GTPases as a class of such autophagy cues signals involved in selective autophagy. Through biochemical and imaging screens, we reveal that human Rab GTPases are common autophagy substrates.

Plasma Lipidomics, Gut Microbiota Profile, and Phenotype of Adipose Tissue in an Mouse Model of Plaque Instability.

Background: An appropriate animal model that can simulate the pathological process of atherosclerosis is urgently needed to improve treatment strategies. This study aimed to develop a new atherosclerosis model using mice and to characterize lipidomics, gut microbiota profiles, and phenotypic alterations in adipose tissue using this model.

Methods: After a 14- or 18-week high-fat diet (HFD), male mice were randomly divided into four groups and treated separately with or without short-term and strong co-stimulation, including ice water bath and intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide and phenylephrine.

Multi-Dimensional Ni@TiN/CNT Heterostructure with Tandem Catalysis for Efficient Electrochemical Nitrite Reduction to Ammonia.

Electrochemical nitrite reduction reaction (NORR) is considered a sustainable ammonia (NH) synthesis strategy. However, there are still significant challenges in designing efficient NORR catalysts. Here, carbon nanotube (CNT)-encapsulated Ni nanoparticles (NPs) loaded on MXene-derived TiN (Ni@TiN/CNT) heterostructure is constructed by combining molten salt etching strategy and chemical vapor deposition.

HAS-CIRCpedia-5280 sponges miR-4712-5p inhibited colon cancer autophagyinduced by human beta-defensin-1.

Background: Among all malignancies, colorectal cancer ranks third in incidence rate and second in mortality rate. Human beta-defensin-1 (hBD-1) has broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties, and it plays an important role in the tumor microenvironment. Circular ribonucleic acids (circRNAs) regulate the proliferation and progression of colorectal cancer cells via cancer-related signaling pathways.

Rpl12 is a conserved ribophagy receptor.

Ribophagy is a selective autophagic process that regulates ribosome turnover. Although NUFIP1 has been identified as a mammalian receptor for ribophagy, its homologues do not exist in yeast and nematodes. Here we demonstrate that Rpl12, a ribosomal large subunit protein, functions as a conserved ribophagy receptor in multiple organisms.

Airway stenosis: classification, pathogenesis, and clinical management.

Airway stenosis (AS) is a fibroinflammatory disease characterized by abnormal activation of fibroblasts and excessive synthesis of extracellular matrix, which has puzzled many doctors despite its relatively low prevalence. Traditional treatment such as endoscopic surgery, open surgery, and adjuvant therapy have many disadvantages and are limited in the treatment of patients with recurrent AS. Therefore, it is urgent to reveal the pathogenesis of AS and accelerate its clinical transformation.

LZZAY01 accelerated autophagy and apoptosis in colon cancer cells and improved gut microbiota in CAC mice.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the malignant tumors globally, with high morbidity and mortality rates. The mainstay treatment of CRC includes surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. However, these treatments are associated with a high recurrence rate, poor prognosis, and highly toxic side effects.

Linea alba support method of prophylactic loop ileostomy via lower abdominal midline incision for rectal cancer: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: The traditional method of prophylactic loop ileostomy is time-consuming and prone to complications like stoma stenosis, peristomal adhesions, or dermatitis. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical application value and potential benefits of a novel approach named linea alba support method (LASM) of prophylactic loop ileostomy via lower abdominal midline incision.

Methods: The clinical data of rectal cancer patients admitted to the General Surgery Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University between January 2021 and December 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.

Digestive tract reconstruction after laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy: Double tract reconstruction or double flap technique?

Aim: The reconstruction methods after proximal gastrectomy (PG) are varied but not standardized. This study was performed to evaluate the short-term clinical outcomes between double tract reconstruction (DTR) and double flap technique (DFT).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed and collected data of patients who underwent DTR and DFT after laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy (LPG), respectively, between January 2020 and March 2023.

Room Temperature Synthesis of Gradient-Distributed Ni/Fe Sites in Layered Double Hydroxides for Enhanced Oxygen Evolution Reaction.

NiFe-based materials, especially NiFe layered double hydroxides (LDHs), are recognized as the most promising non-precious metal electrocatalysts for alkaline oxygen evolution reaction (OER). However, the precisely designed distribution of active sites for enhancing activities is still significantly restricted due to the lack of reasonable modulation strategies. Herein, sulfur doped Ni/Fe gradient-distributed LDH (GD-NiFe LDH/S) is fabricated by facile air-induced strategy at room temperature.

Topological Effect on the Anderson Transition in Chiral Symmetry Classes.

In this Letter, we propose a mechanism of an emergent quasilocalized phase in chiral symmetry classes, where the wave function along a spatial direction with weak topology is delocalized but exponentially localized along the other directions. The Anderson transition in two-dimensional chiral symmetry classes is induced by the proliferation of vortex-antivortex pairs of a U(1) phase degree of freedom, while the weak topology endows the pair with a Berry phase. We argue that the Berry phase induces spatial polarizations of the pairs along the topological direction through the quantum interference effect, and the proliferation of the polarized vortex pairs results in the quasilocalized phase.

Machine learning-based identification of critical factors for cadmium accumulation in rice grains.

The aggregation of Cadmium (Cd) in rice grains is a significant threat to human healthy. The complexity of the soil-rice system, with its numerous influencing parameters, highlights the need to identify the crucial factors responsible for Cd aggregation. This study uses machine learning (ML) modeling to predict Cd aggregation in rice grains and identify the influencing factors.

Synergistic mitigation of cadmium stress in rice (Oryza sativa L.) through combined selenium, calcium, and magnesium supplementation.

Rice is susceptible to cadmium (Cd) accumulation, which poses a threat to human health. Traditional methods for mitigating moderately contaminated soils can be impractical or prohibitively expensive, necessitating innovative approaches to reduce Cd uptake in rice. Nutrient management has emerged as a promising solution by leveraging the antagonistic interactions between nutrients and cadmium.