Dysbiotic gut fungi exacerbate Klebsiella peumoniae lung infection via Dectin-1-mediated alveolar macrophage hyperactivation.

Escalating antibiotic resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae underscores the urgent need for therapeutic strategies. Whereas gut bacterial dysbiosis exacerbates pulmonary infections, the role of gut fungi in modulating lung immunity remains understudied. Here, we demonstrate that antibiotic-induced gut fungal expansion aggravates pneumonia by enhancing alveolar macrophage-driven inflammation via Dectin-1 signaling.

Composition-Dependent Photocatalytic Performance of SnS/SnO Heterostructures.

Constructing heterostructures can endow materials with fascinating properties in high-speed electronics, optoelectronics, and other applications. However, rational design and controllable synthesis of micro- and nanostructured heterostructured composites with high-speed properties remains a great challenge. Herein, a flower-like micronanostructured SnS/SnO heterojunction composite is reported in this paper.

A Cross-Linked Flexible Metaferroelectrolyte Regulated by 2D/2D Perovskite Heterostructures for High-Performance Compact Solid-State Sodium Batteries.

To address the issues of limited ionic conductivity and poor interface stability at room and low temperatures in solid-state electrolytes, a robust intrinsic ferroelectrolyte or nanoferroelectrolyte strategy for engineering solid-state flexible ferroelectric composite electrolytes utilizing strongly coupled intrinsic ion conducting 2D/2D sodium-rich anti-perovskite (NaRAP)/ferroelectric perovskite heterostructures is introduced. Herein, highly scalable PVDF-based metaferroelectrolytes with NaBaOCl/CaNaNbO (CNNO) nanosheets into a ferroelectric poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) matrix, through an in situ cross-linking and spontaneous bridging method, for compact solid-state sodium batteries (SSBs), are reported. Benefiting from unique well-dispersed 3D ferroelectric coupled network and the NaBaOCl/CNNO-induced PVDF-HFP ferroelectric β phase, the Na flux is regulated, thereby inhibiting Na dendrite growth at the interface.

Efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab in the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab in treating advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are inconsistent across studies. This study sheds light on the efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab in advanced HCC patients.

Methods: Several databases were comprehensively searched up to January 13, 2025, to identify studies assessing pembrolizumab for advanced HCC.

Anterior Upper Lateral Versus Anterior-Lateral Electrode Positions for External Cardioversion in Atrial Fibrillation.

Electrical cardioversion is the first-line rhythm control therapy for symptomatic persistent atrial fibrillation (AF). Although the anterior-posterior and anterior-lateral electrode positions are widely used as the standard for external cardioversion in the current guidelines, they are ineffective in > 10% of patients. Therefore, we assessed the efficacy of the anterior upper lateral electrode positioning on defibrillation electrodes during cardioversion in AF.

Activation of GPR35 by kynurenic acid inhibits IL-1β secretion in macrophages during CR-hvKP-induced pneumonia.

Carbapenemase-resistant hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (CR-hvKP) is a common pathogen that can cause severe pneumonia. The innate immune response, especially the response of macrophages, plays a crucial role in the host's defense against bacterial infections. Glycolysis is implicated in the modulation of immune functions in macrophages.

Integrative Analysis of scRNA-Seq and Bulk RNA-Seq Identifies Plasma Cell Related Genes and Constructs a Prognostic Model for Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Purpose: The complexity and heterogeneity of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) are linked to the development and poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the cell type within the TIME that is most closely associated with HCC development remains unclear. Herein, we aimed to identify cell clusters that significantly contribute to HCC development and their underlying mechanisms.

Genetic variation reveals the therapeutic potential of BRSK2 in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Background: Current research underscores the need to better understand the pathogenic mechanisms and treatment strategies for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). This study aimed to identify key targets involved in the progression of IPF.

Methods: We employed Mendelian randomization (MR) with three genome-wide association studies and four quantitative trait loci datasets to identify key driver genes for IPF.

Impact of geriatric nutritional risk index on clinical outcomes in acute coronary syndrome patients: a comprehensive meta-analysis.

Background: The Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI), derived from serum albumin levels and body weight relative to ideal body weight, is a novel tool for assessing nutritional status. This meta-analysis explored the association between GNRI and the clinical outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

Methods: We systematically searched PubMed , Embase , and Web of Science for studies evaluating the GNRI in patients with ACS.

Cancer specific up-regulated lactate genes associated with immunotherapy resistance in a pan-cancer analysis.

Background: Although the lactate pathway has been reported to lead to immune escape through the inhibition of effector T cells, the cancer-intrinsic lactate signature has not been identified, and the immunotherapeutic efficacy and potential mechanism of the lactate signature are still unclear.

Methods: We defined a pan-cancer up-lactate score by comparing malignant tissues and normal tissues in the TCGA cohort. The immunotherapeutic efficacy was evaluated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), metastatic renal cancer (mRCC), bladder cancer (BLCA) and melanoma cohorts.

Engineering Multiphase Phase Transitions for Exceptional Electrocaloric Performance and Ultraweak Electrostrictive Response in Ferroelectrics.

In the pursuit of eco-friendly alternatives for refrigeration technology, electrocaloric materials have emerged as promising candidates for efficient solid-state refrigeration due to their high efficiency and integrability. However, current advancements in electrocaloric effects (ECEs) are often constrained by high temperatures and elevated electric fields (-field), limiting practical applicability. Informed by phase-field simulation, this study introduces a (1-)Pb(YbNb)O-Pb(MgNb)O system, strategically engineered to incorporate highly ordered YN and disordered MN mixtures.

Ultrahigh Energy Storage Density and Efficiency in Orthorhombic PLZST Antiferroelectric Ceramics via Composition Regulation.

PbZrO-based antiferroelectric (AFE) ceramic materials have emerged as potential candidates for the next generation of high-energy multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs) because of their distinctive characteristics of double hysteresis loops. The energy storage efficiency of orthorhombic AFE ceramics with ultrahigh storage density is relatively low, which hinders their practical application. In this study, the low efficiency limit of PLZST-based orthorhombic ceramics was overcome by precisely adjusting the Sn content in the (PbCaLa)(ZrSnTi)O AFE ceramics.

Anxiety and depression among patients with insomnia during the first wave and the release of the COVID-19 in Northeast China: A cross-sectional survey.

Background: The global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic seriously affected people's lives. We evaluated anxiety and depression among patients with insomnia in northeast China during the first wave and release of COVID-19, providing a basis for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of insomnia.

Methods: We enrolled 4211 patients with insomnia from January 2016 to February 2020, August 2020 to February 2022, August 2022 to December 2022, and January 2023 to February 2023, from our institution.

Case report: Excessive daytime sleepiness as a presenting manifestation of autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy.

Autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy (GFAP-A) is a recently discovered autoimmune inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. It presents with a variety of clinical symptoms, including fever, seizures, psychiatric symptoms, limber weakness, and sensory symptoms. However, the symptoms of sleep disorders have not been sufficiently addressed.

A Blind Source Separation Method Based on Bounded Component Analysis Optimized by the Improved Beetle Antennae Search.

Currently, the widely used blind source separation algorithm is typically associated with issues such as a sluggish rate of convergence and unstable accuracy, and it is mostly suitable for the separation of independent source signals. Nevertheless, source signals are not always independent of one another in practical applications. This paper suggests a blind source separation algorithm based on the bounded component analysis of the enhanced Beetle Antennae Search algorithm (BAS).

Simultaneously Achieving Large Piezoelectricity and Low Dielectric Loss in High-Temperature BiScO-PbTiO-Based Ceramics.

High-temperature piezoelectric materials are pivotal to technology applications fields including defense, aerospace, nuclear energy, and oil well logging. However, the acquisition of excellent piezoelectric properties is usually at the cost of temperature stability (reduced Curie temperature and increased high-temperature dielectric loss), which hinders the application of piezoelectric ceramics in harsh environments. In this study, we investigated the effect of Nb donor and Mn acceptor doping on the dielectric and piezoelectric properties of BiScO-PbTiO (BS-PT)-based ceramics.

Combining WGCNA and machine learning to construct immune-related EMT patterns to predict HCC prognosis and immune microenvironment.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignancy with a very high mortality rate. Because of its high heterogeneity, there is an urgent need to find biomarkers that accurately predict prognosis. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is closely associated with frequent recurrence and high mortality of HCC.

Progress of autonomic disturbances in narcolepsy type 1.

Narcolepsy type 1 is a kind of sleep disorder characterized by a specific loss of hypocretin neurons in the lateral hypothalamus and reduced levels of hypocretin-1 in the cerebrospinal fluid. Hypocretin deficiency is associated with autonomic disorders. This article summarizes the autonomic disorders and possible mechanisms associated with narcolepsy type 1.

Circadian rhythm in restless legs syndrome.

Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a sensorimotor disorder with a obvious circadian rhythm, as its symptoms often occur or worsen only in the evening or at night. The mechanisms behind the rhythms of RLS have not yet been fully elucidated. This review explores possible causes for the circadian fluctuations of the symptomatology, including the levels of iron, dopamine, melatonin, melanocortin, and thyroid-stimulating hormone in the brain, as well as conditions such as peripheral hypoxia and microvascular function disorders.

Variation in pollution status, sources, and risks of soil heavy metals in regions with different levels of urbanization.

Soil heavy metal (HM) pollution is an increasing threat to ecosystem integrity and human health with rapid urbanization. Nevertheless, how soil HMs vary with the process of urbanization remains unclear. Here we used index evaluation, spatial analysis, and a positive matrix factorization (PMF) model to determine the pollution characteristics and sources of eight soil HMs (Mn, Cr, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Pb, and Ni) among regions with different urbanization levels (urban area, suburb, and ecoregion) in Baoding City, Northern China.