Hua-Zhuo-Ning-Fu Decoction Ameliorates Psoriasis by Inhibiting TNF-Α/IL-6 and PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway: A Network Pharmacology Approach and Experimental Validation.

Introduction: Hua-Zhuo-Ning-Fu decoction (HZD) is a traditional Chinese medicine prescription that has been clinically used by Chinese medical master Wang Xinlu for treating psoriasis. However, the specific molecular mechanisms remain unclear.

Methods: To identify the effective compounds of HZD and psoriasis-related genes, we conducted comprehensive searches in public databases, including TCMSP, SwissTargetPrediction, Gene Cards, and OMIM.

Adcy8 deficiency contributes to impaired lipolysis and an increased prevalence of obesity in mice.

Obesity is a global chronic disease characterized by an imbalance in energy homeostasis. Dysfunction of adipocytes and adipose tissue are fundamental defects that contribute to the development of obesity. Adenylate cyclase 8 (ADCY8) serves as a key downstream signaling factor of G protein-coupled receptors, catalyzing the conversion of ATP to cyclic AMP (cAMP), which is essential for maintaining energy balance.

CsPRMT5-mediated histone H4R3 dimethylation negatively regulates resistance to gray blight in tea plants ( L.).

Gray blight is a serious foliar disease that significantly threatens tea plant cultivation. Although dynamic histone methylation was reported in regulating plant immunity, the specific roles of this epigenetic modification in tea plant disease resistance have yet to be fully elucidated. This study demonstrates that the protein arginine methyltransferase CsPRMT5, which catalyzes the symmetric dimethylation of histone H4R3 (H4R3sme2), is involved in the tea plant response to gray blight.

The Histone Methyltransferase PRMT5 Mediates the Epigenetic Modification to Modulate High Temperatures and Tea Quality in Tea Plants (Camellia sinensis).

High temperatures significantly affect tea yield and quality. Arginine methylation is crucial for plant growth and environmental adaptation. However, its role in regulating plant responses to high temperatures remains unclear.

Mechanosensing by Piezo1 in gastric ghrelin cells contributes to hepatic lipid homeostasis in mice.

Ghrelin is an orexigenic peptide released by gastric ghrelin cells that contributes to obesity and hepatic steatosis. The mechanosensitive ion channel Piezo1 in gastric ghrelin cells inhibits the synthesis and secretion of ghrelin in response to gastric mechanical stretch. We sought to modulate hepatic lipid metabolism by manipulating Piezo1 in gastric ghrelin cells.

Preclinical studies of natural flavonoids in inflammatory bowel disease based on macrophages: a systematic review with meta-analysis and network pharmacology.

Flavonoid is a category of bioactive polyphenolic compounds that are extensively distributed in plants with specific pharmacological properties, such as anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant. Importantly, natural flavonoids have shown the protected function on the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in animals and lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced inflammatory response in macrophages. The purpose of this systematic review is to explore the efficacy of natural flavonoids in animal models of IBD (inflammatory bowel disease) and potential mechanisms in macrophages by meta-analysis and network pharmacology in preclinical studies.

Root-specific theanine metabolism and regulation at the single-cell level in tea plants ().

Root-synthesized secondary metabolites are critical quality-conferring compounds of foods, plant-derived medicines, and beverages. However, information at a single-cell level on root-specific secondary metabolism remains largely unexplored. L-Theanine, an important quality component of tea, is primarily synthesized in roots, from which it is then transported to new shoots of tea plant.

Tumour mutation burden and infiltrating immune cell subtypes influenced the breast cancer prognosis.

Background: Most of its issues are still undecided on the relationship between tumour mutation burden (TMB) and immune-related genes in the breast cancer. This study explores their relationship based on gene mutation and transcription data in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, and the effects of immune cells in TMB and tumour microenvironments on prognosis of breast cancer patients.

Methods: Cases were divided into low-TMB and high-TMB subgroups.

Artificial intelligence enhances whole-slide interpretation of PD-L1 CPS in triple-negative breast cancer: A multi-institutional ring study.

Background And Aims: Evaluation of the programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) combined positive score (CPS) is vital to predict the efficacy of the immunotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), but pathologists show substantial variability in the consistency and accuracy of the interpretation. It is of great importance to establish an objective and effective method which is highly repeatable.

Methods: We proposed a model in a deep learning-based framework, which at the patch level incorporated cell analysis and tissue region analysis, followed by the whole-slide level fusion of patch results.

Gastric mechanosensitive channel Piezo1 regulates ghrelin production and food intake.

Ghrelin, produced mainly by gastric X/A-like cells, triggers a hunger signal to the central nervous system to stimulate appetite. It remains unclear whether X/A-like cells sense gastric distention and thus regulate ghrelin production. Here we show that PIEZO1 expression in X/A-like cells decreases in patients with obesity when compared to controls, whereas it increases after sleeve gastrectomy.

Dynamic DNA Methylation Regulates Season-Dependent Secondary Metabolism in the New Shoots of Tea Plants.

Plant secondary metabolites are critical quality-conferring compositions of plant-derived beverages, medicines, and industrial materials. The accumulations of secondary metabolites are highly variable among seasons; however, the underlying regulatory mechanism remains unclear, especially in epigenetic regulation. Here, we used tea plants to explore an important epigenetic mark DNA methylation (5mC)-mediated regulation of plant secondary metabolism in different seasons.

Multi-center study on predicting breast cancer lymph node status from core needle biopsy specimens using multi-modal and multi-instance deep learning.

The objective of our study is to develop a deep learning model based on clinicopathological data and digital pathological image of core needle biopsy specimens for predicting breast cancer lymph node metastasis. We collected 3701 patients from the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University and 190 patients from four medical centers in Hebei Province. Integrating clinicopathological data and image features build multi-modal and multi-instance (MMMI) deep learning model to obtain the final prediction.

High Dynamic Range Dual-Modal White Light Imaging Improves the Accuracy of Tumor Bed Sampling After Neoadjuvant Therapy for Breast Cancer.

Objectives: Accurate evaluation of residual cancer burden remains challenging because of the lack of appropriate techniques for tumor bed sampling. This study evaluated the application of a white light imaging system to help pathologists differentiate the components and location of tumor bed in specimens.

Methods: The high dynamic range dual-mode white light imaging (HDR-DWI) system was developed to capture antiglare reflection and multiexposure HDR transmission images.

Comparison of the tumor immune microenvironment phenotypes in different breast cancers after neoadjuvant therapy.

Neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) treats early-stage breast cancers, especially triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs). NAT improves pathological complete response (pCR) rates for different breast cancer patients. Recently, immune checkpoint inhibitors that target programmed death 1 (PD-1) or programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) in combination with NAT have shown antitumor activity in patients with early breast cancer.

Reconstructing virtual large slides can improve the accuracy and consistency of tumor bed evaluation for breast cancer after neoadjuvant therapy.

Background: To explore whether the "WSI Stitcher", a program we developed for reconstructing virtual large slide through whole slide imaging fragments stitching, can improve the efficiency and consistency of pathologists in evaluating the tumor bed after neoadjuvant treatment of breast cancer compared with the conventional methods through stack splicing of physical slides.

Methods: This study analyzed the advantages of using software-assisted methods to evaluate the tumor bed after neoadjuvant treatment of breast cancer. This new method is to use "WSI Stitcher" to stitch all the WSI fragments together to reconstruct a virtual large slide and evaluate the tumor bed with the help of the built-in ruler and tumor proportion calculation functions.

Development and Validation of a Novel Model for Predicting Prognosis of Non-PCR Patients After Neoadjuvant Therapy for Breast Cancer.

Purpose: Pathologic complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant therapy is an important indicator of long-term prognosis and the primary endpoint of many neoadjuvant studies. For breast cancer patients who do not achieve pCR, prognostic indicators related to prognosis are particularly important. This study is constructing a prediction model with more accurate and reliable prediction results by combining multiple clinicopathological factors, so as to provide a more accurate decision-making basis for subsequent clinical treatment.

[AI-assisted Prediction of Lymph Node Metastasis of Breast Cancer: Current and Prospective Research].

One of the most important application of artificial intelligence (AI) in pathology is prediction, using morphological features, of patient prognosis and response to specific treatments. As one of the most common kinds of malignancies in the world and the crucial important cause of death due to malignant tumor among women, breast cancer has become the center of attention in clinical services. Axillary lymph node metastasis is an important prognostic factor in breast cancer.

Insertion of a solo LTR retrotransposon associates with spur mutations in 'Red Delicious' apple (Malus × domestica).

Insertion of a solo LTR, which possesses strong bidirectional, stem-specific promoter activities, is associated with the evolution of a dwarfing apple spur mutation. Spur mutations in apple scions revolutionized global apple production. Since long terminal repeat (LTR) retrotransposons are tightly related to natural mutations, inter-retrotransposon-amplified polymorphism technique and genome walking were used to find sequences in the apple genome based on these LTRs.