Regulation of Ghrelin Production and Food Intake by Gastric Adenylyl Cyclase Type 8.

Ghrelin is a peptide hormone primarily produced by ghrelin cells in the stomach, playing a vital role in the regulation of eating behavior. Adenyl cyclase 8 (ADCY8), a key downstream signaling factor of G protein-coupled receptors, is essential for maintaining energy homeostasis by modulating levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). Nevertheless, how ADCY8 modulates ghrelin levels and affects food intake is not well understood.

Adcy8 deficiency contributes to impaired lipolysis and an increased prevalence of obesity in mice.

Obesity is a global chronic disease characterized by an imbalance in energy homeostasis. Dysfunction of adipocytes and adipose tissue are fundamental defects that contribute to the development of obesity. Adenylate cyclase 8 (ADCY8) serves as a key downstream signaling factor of G protein-coupled receptors, catalyzing the conversion of ATP to cyclic AMP (cAMP), which is essential for maintaining energy balance.

Self-care challenges of patients with heart failure from the perspectives of patients and caregivers: A qualitative study.

Objective: self-care is critically important for the long-term management of heart failure (HF) patients, with caregivers playing an important role in promoting self-care. However, adherence to self-care is typically low among HF patients worldwide.

Methods: In-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with individuals diagnosed with HF.

Mechano-sensor Piezo1 inhibits glucagon production in pancreatic α-cells.

Objective: Glucagon is a critical hormone regulating glucose metabolism. It stimulates the liver to release glucose under low blood sugar conditions, thereby maintaining blood glucose stability. Excessive glucagon secretion and hyperglycemia is observed in individuals with diabetes.

Gastric mechanosensitive channel Piezo1 regulates ghrelin production and food intake.

Ghrelin, produced mainly by gastric X/A-like cells, triggers a hunger signal to the central nervous system to stimulate appetite. It remains unclear whether X/A-like cells sense gastric distention and thus regulate ghrelin production. Here we show that PIEZO1 expression in X/A-like cells decreases in patients with obesity when compared to controls, whereas it increases after sleeve gastrectomy.

Construction of antibiotic-induced depression mice model and the function of intestinal microbiota.

Many research studies focus on intestinal microbiota-related depression induced by the usage of antibiotics, but the use of antibiotics is fairly different. To construct an effective antibiotic-induced depression mice model and explore the effect of intestinal microbiota in antibiotic-induced depression, we used several kinds of antibiotic mixtures to induce mice depression and used depression-related behavioral tests and neurobiological factors to evaluate the construction of the antibiotic-induced depression mice model. SPSS statistical software was used to analyze the above data, and the optimal model was selected according to the stability of the results and the simplicity of the modeling methods.

Antibiotics-induced depression in mice via the microbiota-gut-brain axis.

Background: Intestinal dysbacteriosis is associated with depression. This study aimed to establish an antibiotics-induced depression mouse model and explore the mechanism of antibiotic-induced depression.

Methods: C57BL/6 J mice were treated with antibiotics to prepare the antibiotic-induced depression mouse model.

[The role of intestinal microbiota in tumor occurrence, development and immunotherapy: a review].

The intestinal microbiota is a complex micro-ecological system symbiotic with human body, which has attracted increasing attention in recent years. The intestinal microbiota plays important roles not only in maintaining normal physiological functions of the human body but also in the occurrence, development, diagnosis and treatment of tumors. This review summarized the relationship between the intestinal microbiota and tumor, highlighting the mechanisms by which intestinal microbiota modulates tumor occurrence, development and immunotherapy, particularly the immune checkpoint therapy.