Bacterial-Fungal Interactions: Mutualism, Antagonism, and Competition.

The interaction between bacteria and fungi is one of the key interactions of microbial ecology, including mutualism, antagonism, and competition, which profoundly affects the balance and functions of animal microbial ecosystems. This article reviews the interactive dynamics of bacteria and fungi in more concerned microenvironments in animals, such as gut, rumen, and skin. Moreover, we summarize the molecular mechanisms and ecological functions of the interaction between bacteria and fungi.

Unexplored viral diversity in Siberian cranes and wild geese: metagenomic insights from a global wintering haven.

Migratory birds are critical global carriers and vectors of various viruses, potentially driving the mutation and transmission of novel pathogens, especially zoonotic viruses. Despite advancements in sequencing technologies, the viral diversity in wintering Siberian cranes () and wild geese ( spp.) remains poorly understood.

Mitochondrial DNA methylation is involved in contrast-induced renal tubular epithelial cell injury.

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) methylation may be associated with mitochondrial damage; this study investigates their relationship in contrast-induced renal tubular epithelial cell (RTEC) injury. We stimulated HK-2 cells with iohexol to establish an model and analyzed the methylation level of mtDNA by bisulfite amplicon sequencing. The mitochondrial membrane potential, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS), intracellular ROS, and changes in mitochondrial ultrastructure were evaluated as indicators of mitochondrial damage.

SC35-mediated bZIP49 splicing regulates K⁺ channel AKT1 for salt stress adaptation in poplar.

Soil salinization threatens plant distribution, crop yields, and ecosystem stability. In response, plants activate potassium (K) signaling to maintain Na⁺/K⁺ balance, though the mechanisms regulating K⁺ uptake under salt stress remain poorly understood. This study identified two splice variants of the bZIP49 transcription factor in Populus tomentosa: unspliced "bZIP49L" and spliced "bZIP49S".

The Fusarium verticillioides minichromosome negatively regulates the biosynthesis of carcinogenic fumonisins during maize infection.

Fusarium verticillioides causes maize ear and stalk rot, reducing yields and grain quality due to fumonisin contamination. Here, we report the chromosome-scale genome of the F. verticillioides strain FvSZ22, comprising 11 core chromosomes and 1 minichromosome (Chr12).

An efficient hairy root system for validation of CRISPR/Cas system activities in cotton.

The hairy root induction system has been widely applied in studying gene expression and function in plant species due to its rapidity and efficiency. The hairy root system is an efficient tool for evaluating the activities of CRISPR/Cas systems. Cotton hairy roots were primarily induced through cotton tissue culture under aseptic conditions and by injecting cotton stem tips under non-aseptic conditions.

Gypenosides Attenuates CORT-Induced Ferroptosis via Inhibiting TNF-α/NF-κB Signaling Pathway in PC12 Cells.

Chronic stress can lead to nervous system dysfunction and depression-like behaviors in animals. Gypenosides can improve chronic stress-induced neuronal damage, but the protective mechanism remains poorly understood. This study aims to investigate the effect and mechanism of gypenosides on chronic stress-induced neuronal ferroptosis.

Acetazolamide as an aquaporin 1 inhibitor mitigates rheumatoid arthritis by reducing angiogenesis via the modulation of the FAK-PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

Synovial angiogenesis worsens the course of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by driving pannus formation and chronic inflammation, implying anti-angiogenesis as a possible treatment strategy. Aquaporin 1 (AQP1) is a promising target for RA, and its inhibitor acetazolamide (AZ) exerts anti-arthritic effects in RA animal models. Particularly, AZ is effective in inhibiting angiogenesis in multiple illnesses.

Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of belimumab and telitacicept in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: results from a retrospective, observational study.

This investigation aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of belimumab and telitacicept in active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to explore potential predictors within a treat-to-target paradigm. 101 individuals were retrospectively enrolled at Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital between January 2021 and December 2023, receiving either belimumab (n = 50) or telitacicept (n = 51) in conjunction with standard therapy for more than 24 weeks. Key clinical endpoints were evaluated, with lupus low disease activity state (LLDAS) as the primary outcome.

New Insights into Heavy Metal Sequestration Through Metal-Phenolic Network-Confined Nano-HFO: Overlooking Iron Utilization and Modulating Electron Density.

Reducing toxic metal concentrations to trace levels remains a critical challenge in water remediation, largely due to the underutilization of hydrous ferric oxide (HFO), particularly within its inner layers. Herein, we present a novel strategy to enhance HFO utilization by in situ confinement of nano-HFO within polystyrene beads using a tannic acid-zirconium (TA-Zr) metalphenolic network, forming PS-Fe@TA-Zr. The TAZr network generates a highly negative microenvironment with tunable electron density at oxygen sites, facilitating Pb(II) enrichment and activating inner-layer Fe sites.

Changes in Symptom Clusters Over the Course of Chemotherapy in Children With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Longitudinal Survey.

Background: Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) in children is associated with diverse symptoms affecting quality of life and treatment efficacy. This study aimed to evaluate symptom progression in children with ALL to inform targeted interventions.

Methods: We assessed children with ALL from January 2023 to June 2024 using the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale for Children (MSAS-C) at different chemotherapy stages.

Association Between Maternal Thyroid Hormone Concentration with Normal Thyroid Function During Pregnancy and Preschoolers' Glycolipid Metabolism: A Birth Cohort Study.

Thyroid hormones (THs) are essential endocrine hormones that play key roles in individual's growth and development. There is limited knowledge about the association between maternal TH concentrations variations with normal thyroid function during pregnancy and offspring's glycolipid metabolism. A total of 1130 mother-child pairs from the Ma'anshan birth cohort were included in this prospective study.

Eupalinolide B alleviates corticosterone-induced PC12 cell injury and improves depression-like behaviors in CUMS rats by regulating the GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway.

Eupalinolide B (EB), a primary bioactive compound isolated from Eupatorium lindleyanum DC., has exhibited various pharmacological properties, such as antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and notably, neuroprotective effects in neurodegenerative diseases. However, the in-depth studies on the antidepressant potential of EB and its underlying mechanisms are still lacking.

Liquiritin as a Tumor Suppressor Prevents the Development of Breast Cancer via the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor/Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 8 Signaling Pathway.

Liquiritin, a key component extracted from , exhibits a variety of physiological effects. This study investigates the role of liquiritin in the progression of breast cancer. This investigation conducted experiments using two breast cancer cell lines treated with varying concentrations of liquiritin, further validating our findings .

Type I TR and ROP16 Synergistically Downregulate IL-12 to Inhibit Host Reactive Oxygen Species Production.

is an obligate intracellular opportunistic protozoan parasite. invasion disturbs the balance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and antioxidant capacity in the host, triggering the oxidative stress response. Thioredoxin reductase (TR) of helps to escape ROS-induced damage in the host, whereas rhoptry protein 16 (ROP16) downregulates host innate immunity to suppress excessive inflammation and inhibit ROS production.

Bacopaside I, acting as an aquaporin 1 inhibitor, ameliorates rheumatoid arthritis via suppressing aquaporin 1-mediated autophagy.

Background: Aquaporin 1 (AQP1) is a promising target for regulating fibroblast-like synoviocyte (FLS) behaviors in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Bacopaside I (BSI), the main active compound of the herbal medicine Bacopa monnieri with anti-RA effects, inhibits tumor cell growth by blocking AQP1, but its potential use in RA is unclear.

Purpose: To address BSI's anti-RA effects and elucidate its underlying mechanisms.

Correlation of intracranial and extracranial carotid atherosclerotic plaque characteristics with ischemic stroke recurrence: a high-resolution vessel wall imaging study.

Objectives: To evaluate the ability of the plaque characteristics of extracranial carotid and intracranial arteries to predict large atherosclerotic ischemic stroke recurrence via head and neck combined high-resolution vessel wall imaging (HR-VWI).

Methods: This prospective cohort study included 169 patients with large atherosclerotic ischemic stroke who underwent head and neck combined HR-VWI from April 2022 to May 2023. The baseline clinical data and atherosclerotic plaque characteristics of the intracranial and extracranial carotid arteries were collected, and the patients were followed up for 1 year, with the endpoint event defined as recurrent ischemic stroke.

Phosphorylation of PA at serine 225 enhances viral fitness of the highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus in mice.

Currently, there is increasing spillover of highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus (AIV) to mammals, raising a concern of pandemic threat about this virus. Although the function of PA protein of the influenza virus is well understood, the understanding of how phosphorylation regulates this protein and influenza viral life cycle is still limited. We previously identified PA S225 as the phosphorylation site in the highly pathogenic H5N1 AIV.

Silencing aquaporin 1 inhibits autophagy to exert anti-rheumatoid arthritis effects in TNF-α-induced fibroblast-like synoviocytes and adjuvant-induced arthritis rats.

Objective: Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) are key players in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by resisting apoptosis via increased autophagy. Elevated synovial aquaporin 1 (AQP1) affects RA FLS behaviors, but its relationship with FLS autophagy is unclear. We aim to clarify that silencing AQP1 inhibits autophagy to exert its anti-RA effects.

CLEC7A Knockdown Alleviates Ischemic Stroke by Inhibiting Pyroptosis and Microglia Activation.

Background: Ischemic stroke (IS) is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Herein, we aimed to identify novel biomarkers and explore the role of C-type lectin domain family 7 member A () in IS.

Methods: Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened using the GSE106680, GSE97537, and GSE61616 datasets, and hub genes were identified through construction of protein-protein interaction networks.

The PA-X host shutoff site 100 V exerts a contrary effect on viral fitness of the highly pathogenic H7N9 influenza A virus in mice and chickens.

Several viruses, including influenza A virus (IAV), encode viral factors to hijack cellular RNA biogenesis processes to direct the degradation of host mRNAs, termed "host shutoff." Host shutoff enables viruses to simultaneously reduce antiviral responses and provides preferential access for viral mRNAs to cellular translation machinery. IAV PA-X is one of these factors that selectively shuts off the global host genes.

Surgical vs. conservative treatment for hip osteoporotic fracture in maintenance hemodialysis patients: a retrospective analysis.

Background: HSip Osteoporotic fractures are common complications with high mortality in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). It remains unclear whether surgical or conservative should be adopted for hip fractures in MHD patients.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted in Tianjin Hospital of Tianjin University from August 2019 to August 2023.

Ammoniated-driven green synthesis of charged polyoxometalate supported ionic liquids for exceptional heavy metal remediation in actual industrial wastewater.

Reducing toxic metal concentrations to extremely low levels has long posed a challenge. Polyoxometalate supported ionic liquids (POM-SILs) offer significant potential for advanced water remediation, but their application is limited by complex preparation, toxic solvents, and poor stability due to leaching, compromising sustainability. We introduced a sustainable approach for selectively removing Pb(II) in complex electroplating wastewater using charged POM-SILs composite, synthesized by directly grafting lacunary Keggin ions ([α-SiWO], SiW) onto charged ammoniated polystyrene via a straightforward, solvent-free process.

Sustainable Pb(II) Removal and Recovery from Wastewater Using a Bioinspired Metal-Phenolic Hybrid Membrane with Efficient Regeneration.

High-performance adsorbents often require efficient selectivity in wastewater, recoverability, and ease of multiple regeneration cycles, but achieving this remains a significant challenge. We report a new strategy for the efficient removal of lead (Pb(II)) from contaminated water streams using an innovative tannic acid (TA)-Fe(III)-based metal-phenolic network (MPN) hybrid membrane (MPN-PAM). This novel membrane exploits the tunable pH-sensitive coordination structure of the MPN to achieve selective removal and recovery of Pb(II) while enabling efficient membrane regeneration by filtration.

A Novel Immunochromatographic Test Strip Using Lanthanide-Labeled Fluorescent Nanoparticles for the Serological Detection of in Dogs and Cats.

() is an important zoonotic pathogen which induces both acute and chronic toxoplasmosis. Timely diagnosis of is crucial for effective disease management. Here, we present a pioneering approach using europium (III)-chelated nanoparticles (EuNPs) in a rapid lateral flow immunochromatographic test strip (ICTS) for detecting antibodies in serum samples.