New ecdysteroids with anticomplementary activity from roots of (L.) holub.

Phytochemical investigation on roots extract of (L.) Holub led to the isolation of two novel ecdysteroids, 11-hydroxy-25-inokosterone (1) and 11-hydroxy-24, 25 -amarasterone A (2), along with 20 known constituents. The structures of novel compounds were confirmed by NMR and ECD spectroscopy.

The safety and efficacy of third- and fourth-generation cryoballoons for atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: An increasing number of studies have shown that third (CB3)- and fourth-generation cryoballoons (CB4) have been used to treat various types of atrial fibrillation (AF), but previous research regarding the safety and efficacy of CB3 or CB4 ablation remains controversial. Therefore, a meta-analysis was performed to further evaluate the safety and efficacy of pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) using the CB3 and CB4 in the treatment of AF.

Methods: We searched PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, China Science and Technology Journal Database, and Clinicaltrials.

Salvianolic Acid B Alleviates High Glucose-Induced Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Inflammation by Upregulating the miR-486a-5p Expression.

The macrovascular complications of diabetes cause high mortality and disability in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The inflammatory response of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) runs through its pathophysiological process. Salvianolic acid B (Sal B) exhibits beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system.

Two new acorane-type sesquiterpenoids from an endophytic associated with Pall.

Two new acorane-type sesquiterpenoids, harzianes A and B ( and ), together with two known cyclonerodiol-type sesquiterpenoids (-) and four known sterols (-) were isolated from the endophytic , associated with the medicinal plant Pall. Compounds and were identified as a pair of heterotropic isomers by spectroscopic analysis (HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR), and their absolute configurations were determined by ECD calculations. All compounds were tested for anti-inflammatory activity, however, none demonstrated such activity.

Diagnostic value of matrix metalloproteinases 2, 7 and 9 in urine for early detection of colorectal cancer.

Background: A noninvasive biomarker with high diagnostic performance is urgently needed for the early diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC).

Aim: To evaluate the diagnostic value of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) 2, 7 and 9 in urine for CRC.

Methods: Of 59 healthy controls, 47 patients with colon polyps and 82 patients with CRC were included in this study.

Associations between Borg's rating of perceived exertion and changes in urinary organic acid metabolites after outdoor weight-bearing hiking.

Background: Developing methods to monitor exercise load and evaluate body fatigue and muscle injury over time in hiking training remains a key problem to be solved. A widely used psycho-physical tool to assess the subjective perception of effort during exercise is Borg's rating of perceived exertion (BRPE) scale. Data on the relationships and validity of the BRPE compared to objectively assessed metabolic criteria are still lacking, especially urinary organic acid concentrations.

Proton Pump Inhibitors and Cancer Risk: An Umbrella Review and Meta-analysis of Observational Studies.

Objectives: Increasing evidence suggested that proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) use might affect the development of cancers, but previous conclusions remain controversial. Therefore, an umbrella review was performed to clarify the associations between PPIs and various types of cancer by summarizing the existing meta-analyses and systematic reviews.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP database up to June 2022 for eligible meta-analyses or systematic reviews.

Effectiveness and Safety of Histamine H2 Receptor Antagonists: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses.

Histamine H2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs) were widely used to inhibit gastric acid secretion, but its association with adverse events remains controversial and unclear. We conducted an umbrella review of meta-analyses to systematically assess the quality and credibility of the correlations between H2RA use with the risk of adverse outcomes through searching 4 major databases from inception to April 30, 2022. Forty-six individual meta-analyses were identified, including 29 meta-analyses of observation studies with 32 unique outcomes and 19 meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials with 3 unique outcomes for comparing the H2RA versus non-H2RA group.

17β-estradiol reduces NF-κB expression induced by increased crosstalk between KLF5 and ERα in murine vascular smooth muscle cells.

Pathological vascular remodeling and cell proliferation play vital roles in many proliferative vascular diseases. Estrogen can protect the cardiovascular system, but its exact molecular mechanism is unknown. Here we report that 17β-estradiol (E2) suppressed vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) proliferation and inflammation.

Three new triterpenoid glycosides from (Michx.) Elliott.

Three new triterpenoid glycosides, 2,3,23,24-tetrahydroxyurs-12,19- dien-oic acid 28-O-- D -glucopyranoside (), 2,3,23,24-tetrahydroxyurs-12, 19(29) -dien-28-oic acid 28-O-- D -glucopyranoside (), and 2,3,23,24-tetrahydroxyurs-12, 18-dien-28-oic acid 28-O-- D -glucopyranoside () were isolated from (Michx.) Elliott. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods.

17β-Estradiol Inhibits Proliferation and Oxidative Stress in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells by Upregulating BHLHE40 Expression.

Intimal hyperplasia is a major complication of restenosis after angioplasty. The abnormal proliferation and oxidative stress of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are the basic pathological feature of neointimal hyperplasia. 17β-Estradiol can inhibit VSMCs proliferation and inflammation.

17-Estradiol Attenuates LPS-Induced Macrophage Inflammation In Vitro and Sepsis-Induced Vascular Inflammation In Vivo by Upregulating miR-29a-5p Expression.

Excessive release of cytokines such as IL-1 and other inflammatory mediators synthesized and secreted by macrophages is the fundamental link of uncontrolled inflammatory response in sepsis. 17-Estradiol (E2) plays anti-inflammatory and vascular protective effects by regulating leukocyte infiltration and the expression of chemokines or cytokines induced by injury. However, the role of E2 in the inflammatory response of macrophages in sepsis and its mechanism are still not fully understood.

Imbalance of Molecular Module of TINCR-miR-761 Promotes the Metastatic Potential of Early Triple Negative Breast Cancer and Partially Offsets the Anti-Tumor Activity of Luteolin.

Background: Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) poses a great threat to patient prognosis. LncRNA-miRNA is a molecular module formed by a long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) and a microRNA (miRNA) that mediates the metastatic potential of tumours such as TNBC, and luteolin (LU) is a natural compound with anti-TNBC activity.

Objective: We aim to explore the regulatory mechanism of terminal differentiation-induced non-coding RNA (TINCR)-miR-761 molecular module in early TNBC, as well as its influence on anti-tumor activity of LU.

Regulatory Effect of miR497-5p- Axis in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells and Its Predictive Value for Early Diagnosis.

Objective: To explore the regulatory role of miR497-5p- axis in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells and its predictive value for early diagnosis.

Methods: Cancer tissue and adjacent tissue samples were collected from 86 patients with TNBC.RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of miR497-5p and (target gene) mRNA, determined by biological prediction in tissue and TNBC cells.

Comparative genomic analysis of three geographical isolates from China reveals high genetic stability of Plutella xylostella granulovirus.

In this study, the genomes of three Plutella xylostella granulovirus (PlxyGV) isolates, PlxyGV-W and PlxyGV-Wn from near Wuhan and PlxyGV-B from near Beijing, China were completely sequenced and comparatively analyzed to investigate genetic stability and diversity of PlxyGV. PlxyGV-W, PlxyGV-B and PlxyGV-Wn consist of 100,941bp, 100,972bp and 100,999bp in length with G + C compositions of 40.71-40.

MicroRNA-488 inhibits proliferation and motility of tumor cells via downregulating FSCN1, modulated by Notch3 in breast carcinomas.

As important modulators in multiple physiological processes, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported in various malignant tumors, including breast cancer. The current study investigated the function of a new tumor suppressor microRNA, miR-488, and its molecular mechanism of metastasis in breast cancers. CCK8 and transwell assays revealed that the upregulated miR-488 level significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells.

Involvement of glutathione peroxidases in the occurrence and development of breast cancers.

Glutathione peroxidases (GPxs) belong to a family of enzymes that is important in organisms; these enzymes promote hydrogen peroxide metabolism and protect cell membrane structure and function from oxidative damage. Based on the establishment and development of the theory of the pathological roles of free radicals, the role of GPxs has gradually attracted researchers' attention, and the involvement of GPxs in the occurrence and development of malignant tumors has been shown. On the other hand, the incidence of breast cancer in increasing, and breast cancer has become the leading cause of cancer-related death in females worldwide; breast cancer is thought to be related to the increased production of reactive oxygen species, indicating the involvement of GPxs in these processes.

Analysis of the Differentially Expressed Genes Induced by Cisplatin Resistance in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas and Their Interaction.

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a solid tumor, which originates from squamous epithelium, with about 400,000 new-cases/year worldwidely. Presently, chemoradiotherapy is the most important adjuvant treatment for OSCC, mostly in advanced tumors. However, clinical resistance to chemotherapy still leads to poor prognosis of OSCC patients.

Oncogenic functions of the EMT-related transcription factor ZEB1 in breast cancer.

Zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1, also termed TCF8 and δEF1) is a crucial member of the zinc finger-homeodomain transcription factor family, originally identified as a binding protein of the lens-specific δ1-crystalline enhancer and is a pivotal transcription factor in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. ZEB1 also plays a vital role in embryonic development and cancer progression, including breast cancer progression. Increasing evidence suggests that ZEB1 stimulates tumor cells with mesenchymal traits and promotes multidrug resistance, proliferation, and metastasis, indicating the importance of ZEB1-induced EMT in cancer development.

Dysregulation of p53-RBM25-mediated circAMOTL1L biogenesis contributes to prostate cancer progression through the circAMOTL1L-miR-193a-5p-Pcdha pathway.

p53, circRNAs and miRNAs are important components of the regulatory network that activates the EMT program in cancer metastasis. In prostate cancer (PCa), however, it has not been investigated whether and how p53 regulates EMT by circRNAs and miRNAs. Here we show that a Amotl1-derived circRNA, termed circAMOTL1L, is downregulated in human PCa, and that decreased circAMOTL1L facilitates PCa cell migration and invasion through downregulating E-cadherin and upregulating vimentin, thus leading to EMT and PCa progression.

Silencing of miR-193a-5p increases the chemosensitivity of prostate cancer cells to docetaxel.

Background: Docetaxel-based chemotherapy failure in advanced prostate carcinoma has partly been attributed to the resistance of prostate cancer (PC) cells to docetaxel-induced apoptosis. Hence, there is an urgent need to identify mechanisms of docetaxel chemoresistance and to develop new combination therapies.

Methods: miR-193a-5p level was evaluated by qPCR in prostate tissues and cell lines, and its expression in the tissues was also examined by in situ hybridization.

iNOS-derived peroxynitrite mediates high glucose-induced inflammatory gene expression in vascular smooth muscle cells through promoting KLF5 expression and nitration.

Inducible NO synthase (iNOS) expression and peroxynitrite formation are significantly increased in diabetic vascular tissues. Transcription factor KLF5 activates iNOS gene transcription and is involved in vascular inflammatory injury and remodeling. However, mutual regulation between KLF5, iNOS and peroxynitrite in diabetic vascular inflammation, as well as the underlying mechanisms, remain largely unknown.

A Novel Regulatory Mechanism of Smooth Muscle α-Actin Expression by NRG-1/circACTA2/miR-548f-5p Axis.

Rationale: Neuregulin-1 (NRG-1) includes an extracellular epidermal growth factor-like domain and an intracellular domain (NRG-1-ICD). In response to transforming growth factor-β1, its cleavage by proteolytic enzymes releases a bioactive fragment, which suppresses the vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation by activating ErbB (erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog) receptor. However, NRG-1-ICD function in VSMCs remains unknown.