CRISPR/Cas-Based Electrochemical Biosensor for Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Nucleic Acid Amplification-Free Detection to the Attomolar Level.

Aiming at realizing field detection during HIV-1 patient screening in developing countries and point of care testing (POCT) of virus levels in HIV-1 patients receiving medication, an urgent demand for portable nucleic acid detection technology with low cost and sensitivity is raised. To solve this, a CRISPR/Cas13a-based electrochemical detection platform by a multiple combined crRNAs strategy is developed. This sensing platform is based on the Ion Current Rectification regulation through a Porous Anodic Alumina membrane decorated with ssRNA chains, which are trans-cleavage substrates for activated Cas13a and become shorter when the target gene exists, resulting in an altered motion of transmembrane ions.

Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Materials Featuring Multipathway Charge Transfer for High-Efficiency BT.2020-Compliant Deep-Blue OLEDs.

BT.2020-compliant deep-blue emitters for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) are in high demand to achieve a wide color gamut for ultrahigh-definition displays. Herein, we report deep-blue thermally activated delayed fluorescent emitters featuring a unique donor1-donor2-acceptor (D-D-A) molecular configuration in which C-N linked carbazole derivatives serve as dual-function donors and an oxygen-bridged triarylboron unit acts as the acceptor.

In-Depth Understanding of Dehydration and Rehydration Behaviors of Prussian Blue Analogs in Sodium-Ion Batteries.

Prussian blue analogs (PBAs) are considered one of the most promising cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries. Nevertheless, the high crystal water content in PBAs has been identified as the principal constraint on their commercial applications. To address the contradiction of PBAs being challenging to dehydrate at low temperatures while being susceptible to decomposition at high temperatures, we conduct a systematic investigation of the macroscopic and microscopic structural characteristics of pilot-synthesized PBAs during dehydration, elaborating on a series of thermodynamic and kinetic behaviors associated with this process.

Reducing the excessive exoergicity through a helically locked tether-driven approach for high-efficiency singlet fission chromophores.

Singlet fission (SF) is a process in which the absorption of a single photon results in the generation of a pair of triplet excited states, showing potential for enhancing solar conversion efficiency. The thermodynamic driving force behind SF is determined by the energy difference between the first singlet excited state and the first triplet excited state, denoted as Δ = (S) - 2(T). In general, an excessively large Δ value (, excessive exoergicity) can facilitate alternative relaxation pathways for excitons, thereby diminishing SF efficiency.

Wearable SERS-Microfluidic Patch for Real-Time in Situ Monitoring of Chiral Metabolites in Sweat.

Small chiral metabolic molecules are increasingly recognized as pivotal biomarkers for disease monitoring and treatment. Here, a wearable microfluidic patch is presented that integrates chiral 3D plasmonic nanostructures with surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) sensing activity for the in situ and real-time metabolic profiling of chiral molecules in sweat. The microfluidic patch is designed for the direct, in situ capture and storage of microliter volumes of sweat.

High-Efficiency Green-Emission of an Organophosphorus Manganese Chloride for White LED and X-ray Imaging Applications.

Manganese halides are emerging as promising alternatives to traditional inorganic phosphors and X-ray scintillators due to their low toxicity, high attenuation coefficients, high light yield, and cost-effective solution-processability. We synthesized a novel manganese chloride, (4CTP)MnCl (4CTP = (4-chlorobenzyl)triphenylphosphonium), via solvent volatilization. The crystal exhibits a narrow-band (∼48 nm) green emission at 516 nm under ultraviolet or blue light excitation, attributed to the Mn d-d transition, with a photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 95.

Advanced potassium ion batteries anode enhanced by Fe-doping strategy.

KVPOF (KVPF) is a novel insertion-type anode for potassium ion batteries. For improving its electrochemical performance, the doping strategy was selected and a series of Fe-doped KVPF materials were synthesized by a facile solid-state sintering method to find out the suitable ratio. After comparation, KVPF sample with 5 % Fe-doped ratio (KVPF/Fe-5) delivers the best performance, e.

Blue-excited broadband near-infrared emission from zero-dimensional organic-inorganic hybrid metal halides.

Luminescent metal halides have garnered significant attention due to their tunable emission characteristics and exceptional optoelectronic properties. Nevertheless, achieving metal halides that exhibit near-infrared (NIR) emission upon blue-light excitation remains a significant challenge. In this study, blue-light-induced NIR emission was successfully realized in the zero-dimensional (0D) (BTP)ZnBr:Sb single crystal [BTP:(3-Bromopropyl) triphenylphosphonium cation] via a straightforward energy transfer from the host (BTP)ZnBr to the self-trapped exciton (STE) state generated by Sb.

Enhancing Optoelectronic Performance of All-Inorganic Double Perovskites via Halogen Doping: Synergistic Screening Strategies and Multiscale Simulations.

Designing all-inorganic double perovskites through element mixing is a promising strategy to enhance their optoelectronic performance and structural stability. The complex interplay between multilevel structures and optoelectronic properties in element-mixed double perovskites necessitates further in-depth theoretical exploration. In this study, we employ screening strategies and multiscale simulations combining first-principles methods and device-scale continuum models to identify two novel element-mixed compounds, RbAgInClI and CsAgInClI, as promising candidates for photovoltaic applications.

Efficient and Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells Enabled by a Fullerene-Based Hole Transport Molecule.

Designing an efficient modification molecule to mitigate non-radiative recombination at the NiO/perovskite interface and improve perovskite quality represents a challenging yet crucial endeavor for achieving high-performance inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, we synthesized a novel fullerene-based hole transport molecule, designated as FHTM, by integrating C with 12 carbazole-based moieties, and applied it as a modification molecule at the NiO/perovskite interface. The in situ self-doping effect, triggered by electron transfer between carbazole-based moiety and C within the FHTM molecule, along with the extended π conjugated moiety of carbazole groups, significantly enhances FHTM's hole mobility.

Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence with Nanosecond Emission Lifetimes and Minor Concentration Quenching: Achieving High-Performance Nondoped and Doped Blue OLEDs.

Simultaneously achieving a high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY), ultrashort exciton lifetime, and suppressed concentration quenching in thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials is desirable yet challenging. Here, a novel acceptor-donor-acceptor type TADF emitter, namely, 2BO-sQA, wherein two oxygen-bridged triarylboron (BO) acceptors are arranged with cofacial alignment and positioned nearly orthogonal to the rigid dispirofluorene-quinolinoacridine (sQA) donor is reported. This molecular design enables the compound to achieve highly efficient (PLQYs up to 99%) and short-lived (nanosecond-scale) blue TADF with effectively suppressed concentration quenching in films.

Enhancing Reverse Intersystem Crossing in Triptycene-TADF Emitters: Theoretical Insights into Reorganization Energy and Heavy Atom Effects.

Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters based on the triptycene skeleton demonstrate exceptional performance, superior stability, and low efficiency roll-off. Understanding the interplay between the luminescent properties of triptycene-TADF molecules and their assembly environments, along with their excited-state characteristics, necessitates a comprehensive theoretical exploration. Herein, we predict the photophysical properties of triptycene-TADF molecules in a thin film environment using the quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics method and quantify their substantial dependency on the heavy atom effects and reorganization energies using the Marcus-Levich theory.

Designing thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters with through-space charge transfer: a theoretical study.

Recently, thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) molecules with through-space charge transfer (TSCT) features have been widely applied in developing organic light-emitting diodes with high luminescence efficiencies. The performance of TSCT-TADF molecules depends highly on their molecular structures. Therefore, theoretical investigation plays a significant role in designing novel highly efficient TSCT-TADF molecules.

Thermal utilization techniques and strategies for secondary aluminum dross: A review.

Secondary aluminum ash (SAD) disposal is challenging, particularly in developing countries, and presents severe eco-environmental risks. This paper presents the treatment techniques, mechanisms, and effects of SAD at the current technical-economic level based on aluminum ash's resource utilization and environmental properties. Five recovery techniques were summarized based on aluminum's recoverability in SAD.

Efficient Tin-Based Perovskite Solar Cells Enabled by Precisely Synthesized Single-Isomer Fullerene Bisadducts with Regulated Molecular Packing.

Designing and synthesizing fullerene bisadducts with a higher-lying conduction band minimum is promising to further improve the device performance of tin-based perovskite solar cells (TPSCs). However, the commonly obtained fullerene bisadduct products are isomeric mixtures and require complicated separation. Moreover, the isomeric mixtures are prone to resulting in energy alignment disorders, interfacial charge loss, and limited device performance improvement.

Migration mechanism and risk assessment of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in the Ya'Er Lake oxidation pond area, China.

The migration mechanisms, sources, and environmental risks of 29 legacy and emerging perfluorinated and polyfluoroalkyl species present in an oxidation pond (Ya'Er Lake) were investigated for treating sewage based on the analysis of their occurrence and distribution. The concentration of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in pond area was between 0.30 and 63.

Efficient photocatalytic hydrogen production by space separation of photo-generated charges from S-scheme ZnInS/ZnO heterojunction.

ZnInS/ZnO heterostructures have been achieved by a simple in-situ growth solvothermal method. Under full spectrum irradiation, the optimal photocatalyst 2ZnInS/ZnO exhibits H evolution rate of 13,638 (water/ethanol = 1:1) and 3036 (water) μmol·gh, which is respectively 4 and 5 times higher than that of pure ZnInS. In situ illumination X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (ISI-XPS) analysis and density functional theory (DFT) calculations show that the electrons of ZnInS are removed to ZnO through hybridization and form an internal electric field between ZnInS and ZnO.

Tröger's Base-Derived Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Dopant for Efficient Deep-Blue Organic Light-Emitting Diodes.

The development of efficient deep-blue emitters with thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) properties is a highly significant but challenging task in the field of organic light-emitting diode (OLED) applications. Herein, we report the design and synthesis of two new 4,10-dimethyl-6H,12H-5,11-methanodibenzo[][1,5]diazocine ()-derived TADF emitters, and , which feature distinct benzophenone ()-derived acceptors but share the same dimethylacridin () donors. Our comparative study reveals that the amide acceptor in exhibits a significantly weaker electron-withdrawing ability in comparison to that of the typical benzophenone acceptor employed in .

Realizing High-Efficiency Orange-Red Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Materials through the Construction of Intramolecular Noncovalent Interactions.

The development of highly efficient orange and red thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials for constructing full-color and white organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) remains insufficient because of the formidable challenges in molecular design, such as the severe radiationless decay and the intrinsic trade-off between the efficiencies of radiative decay and reverse intersystem crossing (RISC). Herein, we design two high-efficiency orange and orange-red TADF molecules by constructing intermolecular noncovalent interactions. This strategy could not only ensure high emission efficiency via suppression of the nonradiative relaxation and enhancement of the radiative transition but also create intermediate triplet excited states to ensure the RISC process.

Rational Design of Highly Efficient Orange-Red/Red Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters with Submicrosecond Emission Lifetimes.

The development of orange-red/red thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials with both high emission efficiencies and short lifetimes is highly desirable for electroluminescence (EL) applications, but remains a formidable challenge owing to the strict molecular design principles. Herein, two new orange-red/red TADF emitters, namely AC-PCNCF3 and TAC-PCNCF3, composed of pyridine-3,5-dicarbonitrile-derived electron-acceptor (PCNCF3) and acridine electron-donors (AC/TAC) are developed. These emitters in doped films exhibit excellent photophysical properties, including high photoluminescence quantum yields of up to 0.

Efficient Spin-Flip between Charge-Transfer States for High-Performance Electroluminescence, without an Intermediate Locally Excited State.

Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials with both high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) and fast reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) are strongly desired to realize efficient and stable organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Control of excited-state dynamics via molecular design plays a central role in optimizing the PLQY and RISC rate of TADF materials but remains challenging. Here, 3 TADF emitters possessing similar molecular structures, similar high PLQYs (89.

Optoelectronic performance of perovskite CsKMI (M = Ga, In) based on high-throughput screening and first-principles calculations.

Developing novel lead-free perovskite materials with suitable bandgaps and superior thermal stability is crucial to boost their applications in next-generation photovoltaic technologies. High throughput screening combined with the first principles method can accurately and effectively screen out promising perovskites. Herein, we select two lead-free all-inorganic halide double perovskite materials CsKMI (M = Ga, In) from 1026 compounds with the criteria including appropriate structure factors, positive decomposition energies, and suitable direct bandgaps.

Thermo- and photo-induced electron transfer in a series of [FeCo] capsules.

Recently, a family of [FeCo] molecular capsules that display tunable electron transfer-coupled spin transition (ETCST) behavior were reported a smart approach through Schiff-base condensation of aldehyde-functionalized 2,2-bipyridines (bpy) and 1,7-heptanediamine (HN(CH)NH). Here, three more capsule complexes {[(Tp)Fe(CN)][Co(bpybpy)][ClO]}·(solvent) (1, Tp = Tp*, = 5, sol = 8DMF; 2, Tp = Tp, = 9, sol = 5MeCN; and 3, Tp = Tp*, = 11, sol = 5MeCN), where Tp* = hydridotris(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)borate and Tp = hydridotris(3-methylpyrazol-1-yl)borate are reported, demonstrating a successful extension of such an approach with other alkyldiamines of different lengths. Combined X-ray crystallographic, infrared spectroscopic and magnetic studies reveal incomplete electron transfer with either changing temperature or upon light exposure.

Well-Defined Fullerene Bisadducts Enable High-Performance Tin-Based Perovskite Solar Cells.

Tin-based perovskite solar cells (TPSCs) are attracting intense research interest due to their excellent optoelectric properties and eco-friendly features. To further improve the device performance, developing new fullerene derivatives as electron transporter layers (ETLs) is highly demanded. Four well-defined regioisomers (trans-2, trans-3, trans-4, and e) of diethylmalonate-C bisadduct (DCBA) are isolated and well characterized.

Neuroticism and fear of COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic: Testing the mediating role of intolerance of uncertainty and sense of control among Chinese high school students.

Since the COVID-19 pandemic broke out in 2019, neuroticism has been proven a predictor of fear of COVID-19 infection. However, only few studies have been conducted on the factors affecting the relationship between neuroticism and this kind of fear. The present study is aimed at analyzing the role intolerance of uncertainty (IU) and sense of control (SOC) play in relation to neuroticism and the fear of COVID-19.