PQS signaling and temperature variation modulate phage infection in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Implications for foodborne pathogen control.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is an opportunistic pathogen that poses significant risks in food-related environments. Bacteriophages have emerged as a promising alternative strategy to control P.

Bioinspired Catechol-PEG Functionalized PVDF Nanofiber Membranes with Hydrophilicity-Adhesion Synergy for Reliable Skin-Conformal Sweat Sensing.

Wearable sweat sensors are emerging as transformative noninvasive platforms for real-time physiological monitoring. However, persistent challenges regarding dynamic skin conformability, reliable adhesion, efficient sweat uptake/transport, and biosafety impede clinical translation. Herein, we developed hydrophilic-adhesive polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofiber membranes via a bioinspired modification strategy for sweat sensor construction.

Heterogeneity of diabetes and disease progression with a tree-like representation: findings from the China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort (4C) study.

Aims/hypothesis: Diabetes heterogeneity has been modelled as a continuum in European populations, but its phenotypes and long-term comorbidity risks remain unclear in Chinese individuals. This study aimed to identify distinct phenotypes and evaluate their links to future cardiometabolic risks in a large Chinese cohort.

Methods: The discriminative dimensionality reduction with trees (DDRTree) algorithm was used to develop a tree structure based on nine clinical variables.

Metabolic Reprogramming Shapes the Progression and Therapeutic Landscape of Ovarian Cancer.

Ovarian cancer (OC) remains one of the most lethal gynecologic malignancies due to its asymptomatic progression, frequent late-stage diagnosis, and high rates of chemoresistance and recurrence. Beyond genetic alterations, recent studies highlight the central role of metabolic reprogramming in driving OC initiation, progression, and therapy resistance. OC cells exhibit dynamic metabolic reprogramming, enabling dynamic shifts between glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation depending on environmental conditions and treatment pressures.

Revisiting obesity thresholds for cardiovascular disease and mortality risk in Chinese adults: Age- and gender-specific insights.

Current obesity classifications may not adequately reflect age- and gender-specific risks in diverse populations. In a prospective cohort study of 166,285 Chinese adults aged ≥40 years without prior cardiovascular disease (CVD) or cancer, we evaluate optimal thresholds of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) for predicting incident CVD and all-cause mortality. We observe monotonically increasing dose-response associations of BMI, WC, and WHR with CVD risk but U-shaped relationships with all-cause mortality.

A Two-Step Top Surface Passivation Strategy for n-i-p Wide-Band Gap Perovskite Solar Cells.

Large open-circuit voltage () deficit in wide-band gap perovskites has long been an issue that restricts the performance of perovskite-based tandem solar cells. Herein, we proposed a two-step surface passivation (TSP) strategy to enhance the of the wide-band gap device effectively. A polymer, poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline), is used to treat the perovskite top surface to remove impurities and passivate defects, followed by depositing a phenethylammonium salt layer to regulate the energy level alignment between perovskite and adjacent hole transport layer.

Efficacy of a non-recombinant NADC34-like PRRSV-2 vaccine candidate against a recombinant NADC34-like PRRSV-2 isolate.

NADC34-like porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus 2 (NADC34-like PRRSV-2) has become prevalent in Chinese swine herds. However, current commercial vaccines only provide limited cross-protection against NADC34-like PRRSV-2 infection. In our previous study, we developed the infectious clone (rBJ1805-2) of a non-recombinant NADC34-like PRRSV-2 BJ1805-2 isolate and identified the GP2a 91/97/98 amino acid substitutions (from "TMF" to "VVL" pattern) as a sufficient and necessary determinant for its Marc-145 cell tropism.

Socioeconomic status and lifestyle as factors of multimorbidity among older adults in China: results from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey.

Background: Multimorbidity is increasingly prevalent among older adults and poses significant challenges to public health systems. While previous studies have highlighted the role of individual behaviors, the complex interaction between lifestyle factors and socioeconomic status (SES) in multimorbidity remains unclear.

Methods: Using nationally representative data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), we developed predictive models to identify key determinants of multimorbidity among individuals aged ≥60 years.

UVL-based hybrid neural network model for generalized optical fiber channel modeling.

Accurate fiber channel modeling is essential for the evaluation of optical communication systems, but conventional methods like the split-step Fourier method (SSFM) are hugely time-consuming. Although neural networks (NNs) such as Transformer or bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) can accelerate the modeling, it is still complex and time consuming for multi-channel transmissions. Besides, system parameters such as the number of transmitted channels, distance or launch power may be varied, so the NNs should have strong generalization ability.

Polarization-independent preamble design in Alamouti code-based simplified coherent system for PON downstream.

Benefiting from the time slot orthogonality of Alamouti coding, the simplified coherent system for PON downstream using a single-polarization coherent receiver can achieve polarization-insensitive reception via a MIMO equalizer without PBS. However, frame synchronization (FS) and frequency offset estimation (FOE) in the digital signal processing (DSP) are still affected by link noise and polarization rotation, and it is difficult to make full use of this orthogonal property to achieve polarization insensitivity. To solve these problems, we propose and demonstrate a reliable and efficient preamble design for the Alamouti code-based simplified coherent system to realize the three DSP functions consisting of polarization-independent FS, polarization-independent FOE, and fast channel estimation (CE).

Hepatic CBP/p300 Orchestrate Amino Acid-Driven Gluconeogenesis through Histone Crotonylation.

The role of amino acid metabolism dysregulation in the development of type 2 diabetes remains elusive. Here, significant associations of human CREBBP/EP300 gene polymorphisms with circulating amino acid and glucose levels are reported. Through integrated transcriptomic, metabolomic, and CUT&Tag analyses, the molecular mechanisms underlying these correlations are investigated.

Effects of dietary soybean phosphatidylethanolamine on intestinal metabolism and microbiota in mice fed low-fat and high-fat diets.

Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) is the second most abundant phospholipid in soybeans, which are widely used in the food industry as emulsifiers, thickeners, preservatives, and other additives. High-fat diets are known to disrupt intestinal metabolism and cause microbial disorders, leading to metabolic and intestinal health issues. To elucidate the effects of PE on these high-fat diet-induced disorders, we innovatively explored the interaction between regional intestinal bile acids and microbiota, revealing that PE supplementation can mitigate high-fat diet-induced metabolic disorders.

Deficiency of Mesencephalic Astrocyte-derived Neurotrophic Factor Aggravates Acute Pancreatitis in Mice.

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a complex and potentially severe inflammatory disorder of the pancreas and is one of the most common causes of gastrointestinal hospitalization. Although environmental risk factors such as alcohol and gallstones are well recognized, only a subset of exposed individuals develop AP, suggesting that intrinsic factors, including genetic susceptibility, influence disease onset and progression. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has emerged as a key mechanism in AP pathogenesis, because ER is essential for protein synthesis, folding, degradation and secretion (proteostasis).

Age-Related Alterations in the Expression of Mesencephalic Astrocyte-derived Neurotrophic Factor in the Brain and Their Impact on Neurobehavioral Functions.

Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) is a neurotrophic protein localized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and pivotally involved in maintaining ER homeostasis. MANF plays an important role in mitigating neurodegenerative processes. Aging, the primary risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), is associated with significant alterations in ER function.

Numerical analysis of ski suits surface roughness effects on aerodynamics during the in-run phase of ski jumping.

The study employs the shearstress transport (SST) turbulence model within a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) framework to investigate the influence of skijumping suit surface roughness on aerodynamic performance during the in-run phase. A three-dimensional multi-body model of the athlete-ski system is constructed to access variations in aerodynamic drag, moments, and flowfield characteristics under different surface roughness conditions. The results show that surface roughness has a significant effect on pressure drag, influencing both the total aerodynamic drag and the generation of pitching and rolling moments.

Effects of alcohol on gut microbiome in adolescent and adult MMTV-Wnt1 mice.

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women worldwide. Alcohol consumption is a significant and modifiable risk factor, yet the mechanisms linking alcohol to breast cancer progression remain unclear. Recent evidence suggests that the gut microbiome-a complex ecosystem that modulates metabolism, immunity, and inflammation-may act as a mediator of alcohol-induced tumor promotion.

Systematic analysis of ZDHHC9 as a potential prognostic and immunotherapy biomarker in breast cancer.

Background: Breast cancer (BC) represents a highly heterogeneous malignancy and continues to be a leading source of death among women worldwide. Enhancing diagnostic and therapeutic approaches necessitates a thorough grasp of the underlying molecular pathways and the identification of dependable biomarkers. Although palmitoyl transferases, particularly ZDHHC9, have been associated with the progression of various cancers, their specific role in BC remains incompletely understood.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Peptide Derived from Ultrafine Pomace Powder: and Analysis.

This study aimed to identify the sequence and assess the stability of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides derived from ultrafine pomace powder (u-LPP), while network pharmacology analysis was employed to explore potential mechanisms for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) improvement. The peptides identified by LC-MS/MS were GPFN, LGGP, AGLP, and TAFP, among which GPFN had the highest activity (IC of 324.44 ± 8.

Genetic Diversity and Construction of Salt-Tolerant Core Germplasm in Maize ( L.) Based on Phenotypic Traits and SNP Markers.

Maize is an essential staple food, and its genetic diversity plays a central role in breeding programs aimed at developing climate-adapted cultivars. Constructing a representative core germplasm set is necessary for the efficient conservation and utilization of maize genetic resources. In this study, we analyzed 588 cultivated maize accessions using agronomic traits such as plant morphology and yield traits such as ear characteristics and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to assess molecular diversity and population structure and to construct a core collection.

Sensitive SERS Platform for the Detection of via Freezing SERS Tags and Core-Shell Aptamer-Au@FeO Nanoparticles.

The detection of is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases. However, developing a simple and sensitive method for detection remains challenging. Herein, we propose a sensitive surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) platform for the detection of using core-shell aptamer-Au@FeO nanoparticles (FeO-Au@apt) and freezing SERS tags.

Deep learning algorithm-assisted non-destructive detection of TBARS values of salmon flesh using multi-modal molecular spectra fusion.

This study presents a deep learning framework for the non-destructive assessment of lipid oxidation in salmon flesh, quantified by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), under diverse storage conditions (-20, 0, 4, 20 °C, and dynamic temperatures). By integrating multi-modal molecular spectroscopy (near-infrared and Raman) with a convolutional neural network (CNN), the research achieved enhanced accuracy in predicting TBARS values compared to partial least squares regression (PLSR) and long short-term memory (LSTM) models. The CNN achieved superior performance with Rₚ = 0.

Investigation of α-dicarbonyl compounds induced glycation on the digestive stability of shrimp tropomyosin and intestinal microbiota.

α-dicarbonyl compounds are widely present in foods, while their modification effects on food allergens are unclear. This work was conducted to investigate the effects of α-dicarbonyl compounds (glyoxal (GO), methylglyoxal (MGO) and 2, 3-butanedione (BU)) on the digestive stability and intestinal flora of shrimp tropomyosin (TM). As the results, higher α-dicarbonyl concentration, longer time and higher temperature could exacerbate the modification of TM.

Cognitive and Spontaneous Brain Activity in Nonaddictive Smartphone Users Among Older Adults in China: Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: The effects of smartphone use on mental health and brain activity in adolescents have received much attention; however, the effects on older adults have received little attention. As more and more older adults begin to use smartphones, exploring the effects of nonaddictive smartphone use on mental health, cognitive function, and brain activity in older adults is imperative.

Objective: This study aimed to examine differences in cognitive performance, emotional symptoms (depression, anxiety, and insomnia), and brain functional activity between older adults who use smartphones and those who do not.

Alterations in Tear Proteomes of Adults with Pre-Diabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus but Without Diabetic Retinopathy.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an epidemic chronic disease that affects millions of people worldwide. This study aims to explore the impact of T2DM on the tear proteome, specifically investigating whether alterations occur before the development of diabetic retinopathy.

Methods: Flush tear samples were collected from healthy subjects and subjects with preDM and T2DM.

Immune-related genes can accurately predict survival in bladder cancer: a retrospective study via two independent immunotherapy cohorts.

Background: Bladder cancer (BLCA) is an aggressive malignancy characterized by high rate of recurrence. Its steadily increasing incidence and prevalence have made it one of the most prevalent urogenital tract tumors worldwide. Although immunotherapy serves as a first-line treatment for BLCA, patient prognosis shows significant heterogeneity.