Structural and mechanical alterations of the medial head of the gastrocnemius after stroke assessed by high-frequency ultrasound: a prospective study.

Background: Little is known about the use of ultrasonography to evaluate lower-limb function during early stroke-induced hemiparesis rehabilitation.

Objective: To investigate the changes in structural and mechanical parameters using high-frequency ultrasonography to identify parameters correlating with functional improvement.

Methods: Forty-five patients with first-ever stroke within the past 6 months and unilateral lower-limb motor dysfunction were prospectively included.

Non-neuronal acetylcholine as a spatiotemporal autacoid in the immune and circulatory systems.

Non-neuronal acetylcholine (NNACh) operates as a spatiotemporal autacoid, functionally uncoupled from neuronal vesicular exocytosis (VAChAT/VGCC-dependent). In the immune and circulatory systems, where cholinergic innervation is relatively sparse, immune and stromal cells synthesize and release ACh autonomously to enable local immunomodulation. This review outlines NNACh's autacoid behavior, including stimulus-triggered production by ChAT cells, spatially constrained signaling, and rapid enzymatic degradation across lymphoid organs, visceral organs and circulatory compartments.

Identification of novel cholesterol metabolism-related biomarkers for thyroid cancer to predict the prognosis, immune infiltration, and drug sensitivity.

Background: With the sharp increase in the incidence of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), the disease-specific survival rate has not improved significantly. Cholesterol metabolism plays a crucial role in tumor proliferation, regulation of tumor immune escape, and tumor drug resistance. However, there are few studies on the role of cholesterol metabolism in the occurrence and development of thyroid cancer (THCA).

Integrative Mendelian randomization and multi-omics analysis identifies anti-allergic drug targets associated with cardiovascular disease risk.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are major global health threats. This study explores links between anti-allergic drugs and CVD risk, providing valuable insights for clinical pharmacotherapy. Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were performed on 139 eQTLs for anti-allergic drugs in coronary artery disease (CAD), heart failure (HF), myocardial infarction (MI), and atrial fibrillation (AF) cohorts, with validation in independent cohorts.

Changes in the Quality of Maxim Fruits from Different Ecotypes During the Growth Process.

The goal of this study was to build an understanding of the quality of fruit Maxim from different ecotypes and to identify the best cultivars, with a view to providing a reference and theoretical basis for the selection and cultivation of . In this study, we systematically evaluated the fruit quality characteristics of five seed sources, namely SH, SG1, GG, HX, and SG2, at four developmental stages, M1-M4, through a principal component analysis, a correlation analysis, and a significance test. Comparisons between the ecotype yielded that GG was significantly better than the other ecotype in oil content (28.

Association Between Malnutrition and Sepsis-Associated Delirium: A Retrospective Analysis of the MIMIC-IV Database.

Background: In individuals with sepsis, the most frequent neurological consequence is sepsis-associated delirium (SAD). SAD can cause long-term neuropsychiatric aftereffects such as anxiety disorders and cognitive impairment in addition to dramatically raising death rates in the intensive care unit (ICU) and during hospital stays. However, the correlation between nutritional status and SAD in patients with sepsis remains undefined.

Ischemic Stroke and the Biological Hallmarks of Aging.

With the advent of an aging population, the study of aging and related research has been increasingly prominent, focusing on how to fully understand and delay aging-a key concern for contemporary medical professionals. Stroke is an acute focal neurological deficit. Globally, ischemic stroke accounts for only 60-70% of all strokes, meanwhile, it is the second leading cause of death.

Protein Dynamics at the Heart of Chaperone Function: Insights from Solution NMR.

Molecular chaperones are essential guardians of cellular proteostasis, facilitating the folding, remodeling, and triage of a wide array of protein clients under fluctuating physiological conditions. While traditional structural approaches have provided invaluable static snapshots, recent advances in solution NMR spectroscopy have revealed that conformational dynamics-across a broad spectrum of timescales-lie at the heart of chaperone function. In this review, we discuss how state-of-the-art NMR techniques have transformed our understanding of chaperone-client and chaperone-chaperone interactions, uncovering dynamic ensembles, transient intermediates, and allosteric regulatory switches that drive substrate recognition and processing.

Associations between serum neuropeptide Y levels and anxiety, depression, and quality of life in Chinese patients with primary glaucoma.

Background: Patients with glaucoma demonstrate significantly elevated prevalence rates of anxiety and depression compared to healthy controls, although these psychiatric comorbidities remain frequently underrecognised in clinical practice. This study evaluated serum neuropeptide Y (NPY) concentrations in patients with primary glaucoma to investigate potential associations with anxiety, depression, and quality of life (QOL).

Methods: The study cohort comprised 45 healthy controls and 89 patients with primary glaucoma, including 55 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and 34 patients with primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG).

A predictive model for prognosis in infants with surgical necrotizing enterocolitis.

Background: Surgical intervention could improve the prognosis of infants with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), but it's also an independent risk factor for severe complications and death. This study aimed to establish a nomogram to predict the prognosis of infants with surgical NEC.

Methods: A total of 189 infants with surgical NEC were enrolled from January 2013 to May 2024.

A Novel ZjbZIP33-ZjPRX1 Module Positively Regulates Lignin Formation in the Jujube Fruit Stone.

Fruit stones play an important role in fruit development and are closely related to fruit quality. Lignification of the fruit stone (endocarp) is a typical feature of stone fruits. Stoneless jujube is a valuable jujube germplasm resource, and the degree of lignification of its fruit stone is low.

A Nomogram for Predicting In-Hospital Mortality in Critically Ill Patients With Myocardial Infarction and Atrial Fibrillation.

Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) and atrial fibrillation (AF), a common complication during hospitalisation of critically ill MI patients, have a complex and close bidirectional relationship, and the two frequently occur together.

Aim: To develop a nomogram to predict the risk of in-hospital mortality in critically ill patients with MI and AF.

Study Design: For this retrospective cohort research, we selected 1240 critically ill patients with AF and MI from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-IV (MIMIC-IV) (version 3.

Toward Improved Performance of Inner Convex Approximation for Suboptimal Nonlinear MPC.

Inner convex approximation is a compelling method that enables the real-time implementation of suboptimal nonlinear model predictive controls (MPCs). However, it suffers from a slow convergence rate, which prevents suboptimal MPC from achieving better performance within a specific sample time. To address this issue, we first reformulate the conventional inner convex approximation procedure as a root-finding problem for a nonlinear equation.

Breaking the vicious cycle: bitter compounds targeting metabolic defects and inflammation in Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive cognitive decline, poses an increasing global health burden among aging populations. Despite decades of research, its pathogenesis remains incompletely understood, and effective therapies are urgently needed. Growing evidence links AD progression to inflammation and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and chronic inflammation synergistically driving neuronal dysfunction.

Personalized game-based digital intervention for relieving depression and anxiety symptoms: a pilot RCT.

This study assessed the preliminary effectiveness of a game-based digital therapeutics (DTx) intervention for depression and anxiety using a randomized controlled trial (RCT) design to examine the role of reinforcement learning (RL) personalization. This RCT included 223 individuals with depressive symptoms, aged 18-50, divided into three groups: an RL Algorithm group (personalized treatment), an active control group (fixed treatment), and a no-intervention control group. The intervention combined cognitive bias modification and cognitive behavioral therapy, with outcomes measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7.

A surveillance-based epidemiological study of renal agenesis in 25 million births in china, 2007-2020.

Background: Renal agenesis (RA), a rare congenital kidney defect, varies in clinical severity. Unilateral renal agenesis (URA) is more prevalent and may cause long-term renal complications, whereas bilateral renal agenesis (BRA) is typically fatal. While epidemiological data on RA is limited in China, understanding its prevalence and associated factors is crucial for public health interventions.

Epidemiology of hypospadias in China: A nationwide surveillance-based study, 2010-2020.

Background: The prevalence of hypospadias varied internationally. However, epidemiological data on hypospadias in contemporary China remain limited.

Objectives: We aim to examine the epidemiological characteristics of hypospadias in Chinese population.

Thermosensitive hydrogel composite with si-Cx43 nanoparticles and anti-VEGF agent for synergistic treatment of diabetic retinopathy.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is characterized by pathological angiogenesis, inflammation, and retinal neurodegeneration, leading to vision loss. Current therapies, such as anti-VEGF agents, face challenges of low bioavailability and frequent invasive injections. Connexin43 (Cx43), a gap junction protein, plays a key role in DR progression through its modulation of inflammation and vascular dysfunction.

Brain lateralization for perceiving direction of motion is reversed in Williams syndrome and related to BUD23.

Lateralized nervous system function is phylogenetically old but fundamentally important for human brain function. Although altered in developmental and psychiatric disorders, we know little about its genetics. To understand the genetic origins of hemispheric specialization, we investigated laterality in a genetic disorder, Williams Syndrome (WS), caused by ~ 27 deleted genes on 7q11.

Efficacy and preliminary safety assessment of EXG001-307 AAV gene therapy for spinal muscular atrophy.

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive muscular weakness due to the loss of lower motor neurons. The most severe and common form, SMA type 1 (Werdnig-Hoffmann disease), is a devastating childhood condition. Exegenesis Bio is developing EXG001-307, a recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) gene therapy, for SMA type 1 patients lacking functional and possessing only 1-2 copies of .

Construction and application of in-hospital emergency nursing plan for children with epileptic seizures.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to develop an in-hospital emergency nursing plan for children with epileptic seizures and evaluate its clinical application effectiveness.

Methods: From March 2023 to December 2024, a pre - and post evaluation study was conducted at the epilepsy monitoring unit (EMU) of a tertiary Grade A children's specialized hospital in China.

Results: The response time to seizures in the experimental group was shorter than that in the control group (p < 0.

Evaluation of the pharmacokinetic interactions of montmorillonite powder or loperamide on pyrotinib in healthy volunteers.

Aims: To investigate the potential pharmacokinetic interactions of montmorillonite powder or loperamide on pyrotinib.

Methods: This study was a single-center, open-label, single-dose, fixed-sequence clinical trial conducted with healthy volunteers. The participants were divided into two groups (A and B), each consisting of 18 subjects.

Resilience Distributed MPC for Dynamically Coupled Multiple Cyber-Physical Systems Subject to Severe Attacks.

This article proposes a resilient distributed model predictive control (DMPC) algorithm for a class of constrained dynamically coupled multiple cyber-physical systems (CPSs) subject to bounded additive disturbances. The algorithm is designed to address severe attacks on the forward controller-actuator (C-A) channel, the feedback sensor-controller (S-C) channel, and the channels between subsystems, without any prior information about the intruder available to the defender. To mitigate the negative effects of intruders, we consider a one-step time delay strategy in the local model predictive controller design.

Period of formation of and factors associated with perianchor cysts around Healicoil and Footprint polyetheretherketone anchors following arthroscopic rotator cuff repair.

Background: To investigate the factors associated with the formation of perianchor cysts (PCs) around Healicoil and Footprint polyetheretherketone (PEEK) anchors following arthroscopic rotator cuff (RC) repair and assess its association with clinical shoulder function and the incidence of RC retearing.

Methods: The data of patients who underwent arthroscopic RC repair with Healicoil and Footprint PEEK anchors were retrospectively analyzed. The incidence of PCs was evaluated on postoperative magnetic resonance imaging and compared across multiple follow-up points.

SERS-based lateral flow immunoassay for rapid and sensitive sensing of nucleocapsid protein toward SARS-CoV-2 screening in clinical samples.

Early and accurate identification of SARS-CoV-2 infection is crucial for epidemic prevention and control. Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) has become the mainstream method for screening SARS-CoV-2 infection due to its rapid, simple and amenable for point-of-care detection (POCT), but still suffered from the poor sensitivity and accuracy. In this study, Au nanoparticles (NPs) with controllable Ag shell (Au@Ag) were manufactured via a seed-mediated growth method.