Novel multifunctional targeted nanozyme as an ultrasound contrast agent for real-time monitoring and treatment of congenital hydronephrosis renal fibrosis.

Background: Congenital Hydronephrosis (CH) is a common pediatric disorder that often leads to renal fibrosis (RF), significantly impairing kidney function. Oxidative stress (OS) plays a central role in the pathogenesis of RF. Current treatments lack effective monitoring and targeted therapies for CH, thus highlighting the need for innovative diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.

Erratum: Correction of Figures in the Article " Alleviates Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Regulating -Mediated Ubiquitination Degradation of ".

This corrects the article on p. 305 in vol. 55, PMID: 39962965.

Exploring the impact of the liver-intestine-brain axis on brain function in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

This study investigates the molecular complexities of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)-induced brain dysfunction, with a focus on the liver-intestine-brain axis and potential therapeutic interventions. The main objectives include understanding critical microbiota shifts in NAFLD, exploring altered metabolites, and identifying key regulatory molecules influencing brain function. The methods employed encompassed 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing to scrutinize stool microbiota in NAFLD patients and healthy individuals, non-targeted metabolomics using LC-MS to uncover elevated levels of deoxycholic acid (DCA) in NAFLD mice, and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to pinpoint the pivotal gene Hpgd in microglial cells and its downstream Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK2/STAT3) signaling pathway.

Molecular mechanism whereby Bacillus nematocida BN16 activates the "Trojan Horse" response against nematodes.

This study determined the molecular mechanisms by which Bacillus nematocida BN16 responds to nematode predation. The spores generated by BN16 act as a defense against nematodes, employing a "Trojan horse" strategy. The metabolite 6-methyl-2-heptanone triggers the defense response.

Ectopic expression of Slc1a2 in the prefrontal cortex of sleep-deprived male mice counteracts the glutamate/GABA-glutamine dysfunction.

Background: The prefrontal cortex (PFC) plays a pronounced role in cognitive and emotional functions, which may be compromised by dismal sleep quality. This study intended to clarify the impact of Slc1a2 ectopic expression in the PFC on sleep deprivation (SD)-induced disturbances in the glutamate (Glu)/GABA-glutamine cycle and the role of astrocyte (AC)-neuron (Neu) communication.

Methods: Single-cell RNA sequencing was adopted to illuminate cell-specific changes in the brainstem, cortex, and hypothalamus of mice under NS, SD, and post-SD conditions.

DGEDDGAN: A dual-domain generator and edge-enhanced dual discriminator generative adversarial network for MRI reconstruction.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a critical clinical tool in medical imaging, requires a long scan time for producing high-quality MRI images. To accelerate the speed of MRI while reconstructing high-quality images with sharper edges and fewer aliases, a novel dual-domain generator and edge-enhancement dual discriminator generative adversarial network structure named DGEDDGAN for MRI reconstruction is proposed, in which one discriminator is responsible for holistic image reconstruction, whereas the other is adopted to enhance the edge preservation. A dual-domain U-Net structure that cascades the frequency domain and image domain is designed for the generator.

Alleviates Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Regulating -Mediated Ubiquitination Degradation of .

Background And Objectives: Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI) is an important factor affecting therapeutic effect and prognosis of acute myocardial infarction. Here, the effects of up-frameshift 1 (UPF1) on cardiomyocyte apoptosis in MIRI were evaluated.

Methods: H9C2 cells were cultured under hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) condition.

Silibinin's role in counteracting neuronal apoptosis and synaptic dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease models.

This study investigates silibinin's capacity to mitigate Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathologies with a particular emphasis on its effects on apoptosis and synaptic dysfunction in AD models. Employing APP/PS1 transgenic mice and SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell lines, our research assessed the efficacy of silibinin in reducing amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition, neuroinflammation, and neuronal apoptosis. Our results demonstrate that silibinin significantly decreases Aβ accumulation and neuroinflammation and robustly inhibits apoptosis in neuronal cells.

Fruquintinib Plus Sintilimab in Patients with Treatment-Naive and Previously Treated Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma: Results from a Phase Ib/II Clinical Trial.

Background: Antiangiogenic inhibitors plus immune checkpoint inhibitors have synergistic antitumor activity and have improved treatment outcomes in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

Objective: We report the RCC cohort from a phase Ib/II study in Chinese patients evaluating the efficacy and safety of fruquintinib plus sintilimab in treating advanced clear cell RCC (ccRCC).

Patients And Methods: Eligible patients had pathologically confirmed advanced ccRCC.

Enhancing radiotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer with hesperetin-induced ferroptosis via AURKA targeting nanocomposites.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive cancer type that lacks targeted treatment options. Ferroptosis, a novel therapeutic strategy, induces cell death by disrupting the oxidative-reductive balance. Hesperetin, a potential TNBC therapeutic drug, has unidentified regulatory targets.

Nanomaterials: breaking the bottleneck of breast cancer drug resistance.

Drug resistance poses a significant challenge in the treatment of breast cancer. In recent years, a variety of nanomaterials have been discovered and synthesized that can selectively target tumor cells and play a crucial role in the advancement of breast cancer therapies. As our understanding of tumor heterogeneity deepens, the emerging potential of nanomaterials in addressing drug resistance has garnered considerable attention.

Diffusion Models for Imperceptible and Transferable Adversarial Attack.

Many existing adversarial attacks generate -norm perturbations on image RGB space. Despite some achievements in transferability and attack success rate, the crafted adversarial examples are easily perceived by human eyes. Towards visual imperceptibility, some recent works explore unrestricted attacks without -norm constraints, yet lacking transferability of attacking black-box models.

Meta-analysis and transcriptomic analysis reveal that NKRF and ZBTB17 regulate the NF-κB signaling pathway, contributing to the shared molecular mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease and atherosclerosis.

Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) and atherosclerosis (AS) are widespread diseases predominantly observed in the elderly population. Despite their prevalence, the underlying molecular interconnections between these two conditions are not well understood.

Methods: Utilizing meta-analysis, bioinformatics methodologies, and the GEO database, we systematically analyzed transcriptome data to pinpoint key genes concurrently differentially expressed in AD and AS.

Machine learning models to predict submucosal invasion in early gastric cancer based on endoscopy features and standardized color metrics.

Conventional endoscopy is widely used in the diagnosis of early gastric cancers (EGCs), but the graphical features were loosely defined and dependent on endoscopists' experience. We aim to establish a more accurate predictive model for infiltration depth of early gastric cancer including a standardized colorimetric system, which demonstrates promising clinical implication. A retrospective study of 718 EGC cases was performed.

Prioritizing Organic Pollutants for Shale Gas Exploitation: Life Cycle Environmental Risk Assessments in China and the US.

Environmental impacts associated with shale gas exploitation have been historically underestimated due to neglecting to account for the production or the release of end-of-pipe organic pollutants. Here, we assessed the environmental impacts of shale gas production in China and the United States using life cycle assessment. Through data mining, we compiled literature information on organic pollutants in flowback and produced water (FPW), followed by assessments using USEtox to evaluate end-of-pipe risks.

Inhibition of Wilt in Cotton through the Application of ZL6 Derived from Fermentation Residue of Kitchen Waste.

To isolate and analyze bacteria with wilt-resistant properties from the fermentation residue of kitchen wastes, as well as explore their potential for new applications of the residue. A total of six bacterial strains exhibiting wilt-resistant capabilities were isolated from the biogas residue of kitchen waste fermentation. Using a polyphasic approach, strain ZL6, which displayed the highest antagonistic activity against cotton wilt, was identified as belonging to the .

Serum proteomic profiling of precancerous gastric lesions and early gastric cancer reveals signatures associated with systemic inflammatory response and metaplastic differentiation.

The noninvasive detection technique using serum for large-scale screening is useful for the early diagnosis of gastric cancer (GC). Herein, we employed liquid chromatography mass spectrometry to determine the serum proteome signatures and related pathways in individuals with gastric precancerous (pre-GC) lesions and GC and explore the effect of () infection. Differentially expressed proteins in GC and pre-GC compared with non-atrophic gastritis (NAG) group were identified.

Adsorption Characteristics of Ball Milling-Modified Chinese Medicine Residue Biochar Toward Quercetin.

Using traditional Chinese medicine residues as raw materials, different biochars (BC) were prepared through oxygen-limited pyrolysis at 300 °C, 500 °C, and 700 °C, and BC was ball-milled to produce ball-milled biochar (BMC). Using these adsorbents to adsorb the allelopathic autotoxic substance quercetin. The physical and chemical properties of various biochars derived from traditional Chinese medicine residues were characterized using the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller-N2 surface areas (BET), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform IR spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Raman spectroscopy (Raman).

Exploring the diagnostic value of blood circular RNA in atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases by integrating bioinformatics and evidence-based medicine meta-analysis.

This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of blood circular RNA (circRNA) in atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (AS). Using bioinformatics and evidence-based medicine, we identified circ_0001900 as a potential biomarker for diagnosing AS-related cardiovascular diseases. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that circ_0001900 may participate in AS progression by regulating lipid and atherosclerosis-related genes on the MAPK1/3, SRC, TRAF6, and STAT3 signaling pathways.

Self-assembled FeO-NH @g-CN composite for magnetic solid-phase extraction of benzophenones in sea water and lake water coupled with LC-MS/MS determination.

Magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) was developed based on a well-designed FeO-NH @g-CN nanocomposite as sorbent for a mixture of six benzophenones (BPs) in environmental water samples. The composite fabricated via in-situ self-assembled g-CN shell with homogeneous polymerization of cyanuric chloride and cyanuric acid on FeO-NH core. While high adsorption capacity was derived from g-CN via hydrophobic, π-π and hydrogen bonding interactions to the targets, the fast magnetic separation was realized with FeO core for less solvent consumption.

Smartphone-Enabled Fluorescence and Colorimetric Platform for the On-Site Detection of Hg and Cl Based on the Au/Cu/TiC Nanosheets.

Smartphone-assisted fluorescence and colorimetric methods for the on-site detection of Hg and Cl were established based on the oxidase-like activity of the Au-Hg alloy on the surface of Au/Cu/TiC NSs. The Au nanoparticles (NPs) were constructed via in-situ growth on the surface of Cu/TiC NSs and characterized by different characterization techniques. After the addition of Hg, the formation of Hg-Au alloys could promote the oxidization of o-phenylenediamine (OPD) to generate a new fluorescence emission peak of 2,3-diaminopenazine (ADP) at 570 nm.

Facile Synthesis of MXene-TiC/Co Nanosheet Hydrogel Sensor with the Assistance of a Smartphone for On-Site Monitoring of Glucose in Beverages.

A one-step cobaltous chloride (CoCl) molten salt method was employed to prepare multilayer MXene-TiC/Co materials with further ultrasonic treatment to acquire single-layer MXene-TiCCo nanosheets (NSs). MXene-TiC/Co NSs were characterized, and their enzyme-like activities were investigated. Under the catalysis of MXene-TiC/Co NSs, 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) could be oxidized by HO, with the color changing from colorless to blue.

Sunlight Significantly Enhances Soil Denitrification via an Interfacial Biophotoelectrochemical Pathway.

Denitrification is an essential step of the nitrogen cycle in soil. However, although sunlight is an important environmental factor for soil, the investigation of the influence of sunlight on soil denitrification is limited to plant photosynthesis-mediated processes. Herein, a new pathway, denoted as a biophotoelectrochemical process, which is induced by the direct photoexcitation of soil, was found to greatly enhance soil denitrification.

Sovleplenib (HMPL-523), a novel Syk inhibitor, for patients with primary immune thrombocytopenia in China: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1b/2 study.

Background: Spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) inhibitor is a treatment option for primary immune thrombocytopenia. We aimed to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, preliminary activity, and recommended phase 2 dose of sovleplenib in patients with primary immune thrombocytopenia.

Methods: This randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1b/2 study was conducted at nine hospitals in China.