Progress in antisenescence biomaterials for improved osteoarthritis therapy.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease closely associated with aging for which current treatments are limited primarily to symptomatic relief and fail to reverse pathological progression. A growing body of evidence indicates that the accumulation of senescent cells is a central driver of OA pathogenesis. This review systematically summarizes the latest advancements in antisenescence biomaterials for OA therapy, emphasizing their potential to overcome the limitations of conventional approaches by improving drug targeting, prolonging drug release kinetics, and increasing bioavailability.

Clinical guideline on the open arthrolysis for posttraumatic elbow stiffness in adult patients.

Background: Posttraumatic elbow stiffness poses significant clinical challenges for upper limb surgeons and severely impairs patients' ability to perform essential daily activities, including eating, dressing, and personal hygiene, thereby imposing substantial socioeconomic burdens. Open arthrolysis is widely employed when conservative therapies fail, yet current literatures demonstrate considerable heterogeneity in treatment concepts, surgical techniques, and perioperative management. This evidence-based clinical practice guideline aims to standardize treatment profiles and improve surgical outcomes for open arthrolysis of posttraumatic elbow stiffness in adult patients globally.

Metabolic Remapping at "Point-Line-Plane" Levels With Central Dysfunction in Cerebral Small Vessel Disease.

Background: This study is aimed at investigate the glucose metabolic patterns of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) at "point-line-plane" levels.

Methods: We retrospectively collected the F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/MRI images of 174 CSVD patients and 206 healthy controls. First, the brain FDG-PET of each subject was divided into 7 classical networks, and the mean standard uptake value (SUV) was calculated.

Co-assembled polypeptides-adsorbing bridge molecules to enhance macrophage efferocytosis for the resolution of periodontitis inflammation.

Effective removal of apoptotic cells, namely efferocytosis, promotes inflammation resolution of periodontitis and tissue restoration. However, effective treatments to enhance macrophage efferocytosis in periodontitis are still lacking. Co-assembly of distinct building blocks is considered a versatile and effective method of modulating the structure and functionality of supramolecular materials.

Nav1.6 drives colorectal cancer proliferation and invasion through MAPK signaling pathway.

Background: Voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs, or Navs) are highly expressed in various tumors and play a critical role in tumor metastasis and invasion.

Aim: To identify Nav1.6-associated cancer genes through bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation, with the goal of determining the role of Nav1.

Functional-structural co-dependent brain mapping of metamemory in amnestic mild cognitive impairment.

Background: Metamemory, a measure of introspective awareness of memory performance, provides an internally-generated drive, profoundly impacting external memory activities. Given its role in regulating memory along internal-external axis, understanding metamemory and underlying neural mechanisms in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) is crucial for memory improvement. The present study was aimed to explore metamemory alterations and structural and functional remodeling characteristics underlying metamemory, as well as key brain regions that potentially moderated its intrinsic associations with age, education, and first-order cognition in aMCI.

Mediating role of feeder connections in the relationship between brain network efficiency and episodic memory in amnestic MCI.

Objectives: Advances in connectomics and network neuroscience have opened new avenues for the in-depth study of complex brain networks. However, the mechanisms of brain neuroplasticity associated with fiber connections ("lines") and networks ("planes") for the integration of episodic memory remain largely unknown. This study aimed to: (1) analyze the topological properties of individual structural networks using multi-shell, multi-tissue, constrained spherical deconvolution (MSMT-CSD) based on high-angular resolution diffusion imaging (HARDI) data and (2) explore the mediation among network efficiency, the three types of connections in individual structural networks, and episodic memory.

Global and national burden of tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer attributabled to household air pollution from solid fuels in populations aged 55 and above: an integrated study of frontier and joinpoint regression analysis.

Purpose: To explore the global, regional, and country-specific burden of tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer (TBL) in individuals aged 55 and above due to household air pollution from solid fuels (HAPSF) between 1990 and 2021, and to project its incidence and mortality rates for 2044.

Methods: This study utilized data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (GBD 2021) to assess the burden of TBL in individuals aged 55 and above due to HAPSF between 1990 and 2021. The Age-Period-Cohort (APC) model, based on Poisson distribution, was used to analyze the impact of age, period, and cohort on TBL mortality trends.

Brain-thyroid crosstalk: 18F-FDG-PET/MRI evidence in patients with follicular thyroid adenomas.

Objective: The hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis has been well-known. However, whether follicular thyroid adenoma (FTA) could affect brain glucose metabolism is still unknown. Therefore, we explored the brain glucose metabolic characteristics of FTA with Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging.

Impact of effective connectivity within the Papez circuit on episodic memory: moderation by perivascular space function.

Background And Objectives: The formation and retrieval of episodic memory is dependent on the coordinated activity of multiple brain regions and neural networks, with the Papez circuit playing a critical role in this process. Recently, the role of the perivascular space (PVS) in cognitive function has garnered increasing attention. However, the role of PVS function between neural circuits and cognitive function in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) patients remains unknown.

Targeting Txnip-mediated metabolic reprogramming has therapeutic potential for osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) inflammatory microenvironment triggered glucose metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction in chondrocytes, leading to a shift of metabolic tendency between oxidative phosphorylation and anaerobic glycolysis. Thioredoxin-interacting protein (Txnip) increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which exacerbates oxidative stress, inflammation and further accelerates cartilage degeneration and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation. Txnip expression is also positively correlated with several critical pathological glucose and lipid metabolism processes beyond inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS).

Altered cerebellar activity and cognitive deficits in Type 2 diabetes: Insights from resting-state fMRI.

Objective: To investigate alterations in brain activity in patients with Type 2 Diabetes and explore the relationship between altered regions and neuropsychological performances.

Methods: A total of 36 patients with Type 2 Diabetes and 40 age- and education-matched healthy controls were recruited for this case-control study. All participants underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (Resting-state fMRI) and neuropsychological tests.

Neural Correlates and Adaptive Mechanisms in Vascular Cognitive Impairment: Exploration of a Structure-Function Coupling Network.

Background: Cerebral small vessel disease exacerbates cognitive decline, yet the structural-functional coupling mechanisms in vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) remain unclear.

Methods: This study included 121 participants, with 68 individuals with VCI and 53 healthy controls. Participants underwent neuropsychological assessments and multimodal imaging.

Global, regional, and national burden of tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer attributable to ambient particulate matter pollution among adults aged 70 and above in 1990-2021 and projected to 2044.

Background: Tracheal, bronchus, and lung (TBL) cancer attributable to ambient particulate matter pollution (APMP) is a growing global health concern, particularly in individuals aged 70 and above. This study aims to evaluate past trends, identify key drivers, and project future disease burden.

Methods: Data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 was analyzed for TBL cancer-related disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and mortality from 1990 to 2021, stratified by SDI regions.

NEAT1 regulates BMSCs aging through disruption of FGF2 nuclear transport.

Background: The aging of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) impairs bone tissue regeneration, contributing to skeletal disorders. LncRNA NEAT1 is considered as a proliferative inhibitory role during cellular senescence, but the relevant mechanisms remain insufficient. This study aims to elucidate how NEAT1 regulates mitotic proteins during BMSCs aging.

Optimisation of services to prevent dental caries for school-aged children in China: a discrete choice experiment.

Objectives: The objective of this study is to analyse the preferences of guardians of school-aged children for children's caries prevention services (CPS) and their willingness to pay (WTP) for different levels of attributes.

Design: Four key attributes were identified through a literature review and expert consultations: preventive service time, preventive effectiveness, distance (driving time to service institution) and service cost (out-of-pocket for CPS). A D-efficient design was used to create a discrete choice experiment questionnaire, and data were collected via face-to-face interviews.

Rewiring the disordered connectome with circuit-based paired stimulation after stroke-a randomized, double-blind and controlled Phase II trial.

The cortico-cortical paired associative stimulation, a combined stimulation based on two brain regions, may be an effective strategy for stroke rehabilitation. Our aim was to confirm that the cortico-cortical paired associative stimulation strengthens the connection between brain regions in the motor circuit and promotes improvements in motor function. This was a randomized double-blind, controlled Phase II trial.

Investigating autonomic dysfunction in post-COVID-19 syndrome from skin to brain: A case-control study using EMG-SSR and fNIRS.

Background: Autonomic dysfunction is a well-recognized complication associated with post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS). ANS maladaptation could underlie a potential pathogenetic mechanism of PCS, contributing to PCS symptoms. However, there remains an ongoing debate regarding whether autonomic and neuropathic symptoms observed in PCS patients are indicative of central or peripheral ANS pathology.

Local Anesthesia With 1% Lidocaine Versus General Anesthesia for Percutaneous Endoscopic Interlaminar Discectomy at L5/S1 Disc Herniation: A Prospective Randomized Study.

Study Design: A prospective randomized clinical trial.

Objective: In this study, we compared local anesthesia with 1% lidocaine (LA) and general anesthesia (GA) utilized in PEID at L5/S1 disc herniation.

Summary Of Background Data: Given the anatomic characteristics of L5/S1 segment, interlaminar approach was preferred to perform endoscopic discectomy for L5/S1 disc herniation.

Global burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus from 1990 to 2021, with projections of prevalence to 2044: a systematic analysis across SDI levels for the global burden of disease study 2021.

Background: We aimed to assess temporal trends in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)-related deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) at global and cross-social demographic index (SDI) levels, using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) in 2021.

Methods: We used geospatial mapping to visualize the global distribution of T2DM-related mortality and DALYs in 2021. Joinpoint regression assessed annual and average percent changes in DALYs and deaths from 1990 to 2021 across SDI regions.

Efficacy and safety of Nivolumab in advanced gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancer: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: *CoNivolumab, an immune checkpoint inhibitor, has shown promise in treating advanced unresectable gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancer. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Nivolumab, alone and in combination with chemotherapy, in this patient population.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted according to PRISMA guidelines, using data from PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL, Web of Science, and CNKI up to June 3, 2024.

Mechanisms of Differential Sensitivity to Ethanol-Induced Apoptosis in Mouse Spinal Cord at Different Developmental Stages-Akt/GSK Signaling and BAX.

The current study investigated differences in ethanol-induced apoptosis of spinal cord dorsal horn neurons at different developmental stages and the molecular mechanisms involved. A mouse ethanol intervention model was established on postnatal days 4, 7, and 12. Primary cells were derived from the spinal cord at postnatal day 4.

Demonstration of MAX phases as triple functional artificial solid electrolyte interphase for ultralong life lithium metal anodes.

Solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) has significant role in controlling lithium (Li) dendrites. However, lack of chemical stability, mechanical strength and self-perfection for conventional SEI cannot persistently suppress Li dendrites, leading to inferior cycling life. Herein, MAX phases (TiSnC and TiSC) as triple functional artificial SEI (ASEI) with high modulus, chemical stability and self-smoothing ability are introduced on Li foils (TiSnC@Li and TiSC@Li) for ultralong life Li metal anodes (LMAs).

Mapping individual cortico-basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical circuits integrating structural and functional connectome: implications for upper limb motor impairment poststroke.

This study investigated alterations in functional connectivity (FC) within cortico-basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical (CBTC) circuits and identified critical connections influencing poststroke motor recovery, offering insights into optimizing brain modulation strategies to address the limitations of traditional single-target stimulation. We delineated individual-specific parallel loops of CBTC through probabilistic tracking and voxel connectivity profiles-based segmentation and calculated FC values in poststroke patients and healthy controls, comparing with conventional atlas-based FC calculation. Support vector machine (SVM) analysis distinguished poststroke patients from controls.