Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study on the Cooling Behavior and Mechanical Properties of Silicone Carbide/Aluminum Composites.

The mismatch of the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) between the reinforcement and the matrix leads to thermal residual stresses and defects upon cooling from the processing temperature to room temperature. The residual stresses and defects have a significant impact on the mechanical properties of metal-matrix composites. To investigate the effect of cooling temperature on the residual stresses' distribution and mechanical properties of SiC/Al, we investigated the cooling process of SiC/Al from different initial temperatures to room temperature.

Quantitative Evaluation of AI-based Organ Segmentation Across Multiple Anatomical Sites Using Eight Commercial Software Platforms.

Purpose: To evaluate organs-at-risk (OARs) segmentation variability across eight commercial AI-based segmentation software using independent multi-institutional datasets, and to provide recommendations for clinical practices utilizing AI-segmentation.

Methods: 160 planning CT image sets from four anatomical sites: head-and-neck, thorax, abdomen and pelvis were retrospectively pooled from three institutions. Contours for 31 OARs generated by the software were compared to clinical contours using multiple accuracy metrics, including: Dice similarity coefficient (DSC), 95 Percentile of Hausdorff distance (HD95), surface DSC, as well as relative added path length (RAPL) as an efficiency metric.

Strategies for Offline Adaptive Biology-Guided Radiotherapy (BgRT) on a PET-Linac Platform.

: This study aims to present a structured clinical workflow for offline adaptive Biology-guided Radiotherapy (BgRT) using the RefleXion X1 PET-linac system, addressing challenges introduced by inter-treatment anatomical and biological changes. : We propose a decision tree offline adaptation framework based on real-time assessments of Activity Concentration (AC), Normalized Target Signal (NTS), and bounded dose-volume histogram (bDVH%) metrics. Three offline strategies were developed: (1) preemptive adaptation for minor changes, (2) partial re-simulation for moderate changes, and (3) full re-simulation for major anatomical or metabolic alterations.

Expanding SCINTIX Biology-Guided Radiotherapy Beyond Lung and Bone: A Planning Feasibility and Dosimetric Study on the RefleXion X1 System.

IntroductionSCINTIX therapy, a form of biology-guided radiotherapy using real-time positron emission tomography (PET) imaging on the RefleXion X1 platform, recently received FDA clearance for FDG-guided treatment of lung and bone tumors. This study evaluates the feasibility and dosimetric quality of Biology-Guided Radiotherapy (BgRT) plans for FDG-avid lesions in anatomical sites beyond current indications using processed diagnostic PET (dPET) images.MethodsEleven previously treated FDG-avid lesions in ten patients (sites: liver, head and neck, pancreas, kidney, pelvic/abdominal nodes) were retrospectively analyzed.

Machine learning in diagnosing coronary artery disease via optical pumped magnetometer magnetocardiography: a prospective cohort study.

The potential of optical pumped magnetometer magnetocardiography (OPM-MCG) for diagnosing coronary artery disease (CAD) has been initially shown, yet lacks large-scale prospective research.Using invasive coronary angiography (ICA) as a reference, we constructed three feature sets for the development of machine learning (ML) models: a 'Heart' feature set consisting only of OPM-MCG features, a 'Clinical' feature set, and a 'Heart + Clinical' combined feature set. We assessed the performance of 11 ML models with 10-fold cross-validation and conducted a feature importance analysis.

Characterization of aroma profiles and microbial communities of cigar tobacco leaves from different varieties and origins and their correlations analysis.

Microorganisms play an important role in cigar tobacco leaves (CTLs) production, while the impact of varieties and origins on microorganisms and thereby on aroma profiles were rarely reported. In this study, the aroma profiles of wrapper and filler CTLs from three varieties, respectively, and filler CTLs from four origins were analyzed, and the bacterial and fungal communities of these CTLs and their correlation with aroma constituents were explored. The results showed that ketones and nitrogen heterocycles were dominant in wrapper and filler CTLs of different varieties and filler CTLs from different origins, their proportions in different CTLs were 22.

A study of the benefits and methods of evaluating comprehensive management of residents with premature ventricular contractions in a community hospital.

Premature ventricular contractions are the most common ventricular arrhythmias in clinical practice and are most commonly observed in organic heart diseases, such as cardiac insufficiency. Community physicians often lack experience in treating patients with premature ventricular contractions, and there is no standardized method for assessing the risk level of premature ventricular contractions or relevant primary care guidelines to guide community physicians in their practice. We used the premature ventricular contraction score to guide family physicians in the comprehensive management and treatment of community-dwelling patients to find a method of assessing premature ventricular contractions that is suitable for community physicians to operate.

Association of cardiometabolic index with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among overweight and obese adults: a cohort study.

Background: This study aimed to explore the associations of cardiometabolic index (CMI) with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among the overweight and obese population.

Methods: Mortality data for 13,674 participants with overweight or obesity were sourced from the National Death Index (NDI) and linked to the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) datasets. We specifically examined the correlations of CMI with all-cause, premature, and cancer mortality.

High-Performance Graphdiyne Oxide/Au Nanoparticle Electrode for Electrochemical Non-enzymatic Glucose Sensor.

Developing a convenient and high-performance blood glucose sensor is crucial for the effective diagnosis and management of diabetes. Sweat sensing offers a noninvasive method for detecting glucose levels; however, the complexities involved in enzyme immobilization and their sensitivity to environmental conditions during detection pose significant challenges in the development of enzyme-based sensors. Herein, this work proposes a graphdiyne oxide/gold nanoparticles (GDYO/AuNPs) composite electrode for nonenzyme glucose detection in sweat.

Correction of Secondary Chest Wall Deformity After Bentall and Sternal Turnover Procedures: Modified Wang and Wenlin Procedures.

Secondary chest wall deformities are usually more complex and difficult to correct than primary deformities, especially the secondary chest wall deformity after cardiovascular surgery. This occurs because the severe adhesions in the mediastinum, the risk of bleeding, and the complexity of the deformity increase the difficulty of correcting the deformity. However, by combining the modified Wang procedure and Wenlin procedure, we can overcome these shortcomings.

Insights into the surface of mesoporous nickel oxide and its interaction with oxygen and water.

The surface chemistry of mesoporous nickel oxide (NiO) plays a pivotal role in its functionality across various technological applications. Herein, we present a detailed study of NiO surface states using multiple spectroscopic techniques, including ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, to observe the removal and reformation of surface species during gas dosing. Our findings reveal the presence of both surface oxygen- and hydroxide-species on the NiO surface.

Magneto-Optically-Propelled Superhydrophobic Sponge for Efficient Volatile Organic Compounds Adsorption and Evaporation and Water Surface Transport.

As human activities intensify, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in water pose growing threats to human health, ecosystems, and environmental stability. Conventional photothermal superhydrophobic sponges have shown promise in adsorbing and evaporating VOCs, but their effectiveness is limited by stationary adsorption and relatively low efficiency. Here, we introduce a photothermal-magnetic driven superhydrophobic sponge, synthesized with FeO and TiN nanoparticles, designed to significantly enhance both the mobility and adsorption capacity of VOCs.

Apelin-13 enhances neurofunctional recovery and suppresses neuroinflammation via the SIRT1/NF-κB axis in ischemic stroke.

Background: Ischemic stroke is a major cause of mortality and disability, with neuroinflammation driving secondary brain injury. Microglial activation contributes to neuronal apoptosis, BBB disruption, and prolonged neurological deficits. Apelin-13, an endogenous peptide, has demonstrated neuroprotective potential, but its precise mechanisms remain unclear.

One-step electrospinning synthesis of lead-free perovskite nanofiber-based triboelectric nanogenerator for wearable intelligent fall alarm.

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) based on halide perovskites have aroused wide interest for their high output performance as micro-nano energy sources. However, the presence of toxic lead and environmental instability hamper their practical applications in wearable electronics. To address these challenges, we developed a lead-free bismuth halide perovskite, CsBiI (CBI), integrated with polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) in a nanofiber composite film via a one-step electrospinning process, serving as an alternative triboelectric layer for TENGs.

Sleep Bruxism Is a Significant Risk Factor for the Recurrence of Temporomandibular Disorder: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.

Background: Oral behaviours are risk factors for temporomandibular disorder (TMD), but the associations between oral behaviours and TMD prognosis remain unclear.

Objective: To assess the effect of oral behaviours on TMD prognosis.

Methods: This single-centre retrospective study included 99 TMD patients (12 males and 87 females, median age: 28 years) who received physical therapy between January and August 2022 and completed a 6-month follow-up.

CCDC80 Protects against Aortic Dissection and Rupture by Maintaining the Contractile Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotype.

Aortic dissection (AD) is a life-threatening medical emergency characterized by adverse vascular remodeling. Coiled-coil domain-containing protein 80 (CCDC80) plays an essential role in regulating cardiovascular remodeling. This study aims to define the role of CCDC80 in the formation and development of AD.

Remnant cholesterol predicts risk of recurrent thrombosis beyond LDL-cholesterol in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome.

Background: Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is notably linked to thrombotic events, particularly cardiovascular disease (CVD). The role of remnant cholesterol (RC) in predicting CVD risk is established, yet its relationship with thrombotic risk in APS patients remains to be elucidated. This study aims to assess the association between RC and recurrent thrombotic risk in patients with APS.

Clinical burden of Acinetobacter baumannii, including carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii, in hospitalized adult patients in the USA between 2018 and 2022.

Background: Epidemiological data for United States (US) hospitals regarding the burden of Acinetobacter baumannii and carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CRAB) are scarce; thus, this study aimed to describe the incidence of A. baumannii and CRAB across US hospitals between January 1, 2018 and December 31, 2022.

Simulation-Omitting and Using Library Patients for Pre-Planning Online Adaptive Radiotherapy (SUPPORT): A Feasibility Study for Spine Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy (SAbR) Patients.

Treatment planning in the field of radiation therapy has evolved from three-dimensional (3D) planning to inverse planning and, most recently, to personalized adaptive radiotherapy (ART) [...

Mechanism of the Traditional Chinese Medicine Simiao Biejia Decoction Improves the Diabetes Mellitus-Induced Erectile Dysfunction in Rats.

Objective: Simiao Biejia (SMBJ) granules, a traditional Chinese herbal remedy, have been used to treat erectile dysfunction caused by diabetes mellitus (DMED). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying SMBJ's therapeutic effects remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of SMBJ in a rat model of DMED using network pharmacology, proteomics, and molecular docking.

Feasibility and Impact of a Radiation Therapy Technologist-Driven Workflow for Cone Beam Computed Tomography Guided Partial Breast Adaptive Radiation Therapy.

Purpose: Cone beam computed tomography-based online adaptive radiation therapy (ART) allows significantly smaller planning target volume margins for patients treated with adaptive stereotactic partial breast irradiation. However, this approach places increased demands on the treatment team, particularly physicians. We hypothesize that with appropriate training, physicians' involvement at the treatment console can be reduced by delegating contouring and planning tasks to radiation therapy technologists (RTTs) with a physicist copilot without reducing treatment quality.

Coronavirus disease 2019 and catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome: Case report.

Rationale: The emergence of catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome (CAPS) alongside coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is of great concern, because of its high mortality and unclear mechanism. This severe disease, characterized by multiple thrombi and multisystem disorder, has notably diverse clinical presentations, which complicates its diagnosis in clinical practice. Now, we report a rare case of CAPS in a patient with COVID-19.

Mesostructured Silica Xerogel-Encapsulated Gold Nanoclusters as an Electrochemiluminescence Emitter Combined with a DNA Walker Amplification Strategy for Detection of Ochratoxin A.

Gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) exhibit unique optical properties and satisfactory biocompatibility, enabling them as highly promising electrochemiluminescence (ECL) emitters. However, the low ECL efficiency, resulting from the free movement of ligands, significantly hinders the development of AuNCs in the sensing field. In this work, polyelectrolytes were utilized to encapsulate AuNCs within the mesostructured silica xerogel, forming mesostructured silica xerogel-encapsulated gold nanoclusters (AuNCs@MSX).