Combining convolutional neural network with transformer to improve YOLOv7 for gas plume detection and segmentation in multibeam water column images.

Multibeam bathymetry has become an effective underwater target detection method by using echo signals to generate a high-resolution water column image (WCI). However, the gas plume in the image is often affected by the seafloor environment and exhibits sparse texture and changing motion, making traditional detection and segmentation methods more time-consuming and labor-intensive. The emergence of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) alleviates this problem, but the local feature extraction of the convolutional operations, while capturing detailed information well, cannot adapt to the elongated morphology of the gas plume target, limiting the improvement of the detection and segmentation accuracy.

Precisely manipulating the d-band center of NiCoMoO·nHO for enhanced alkaline oxygen evolution with low overpotential.

Electrocatalytic water splitting has long been limited by the sluggish kinetics of the anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Replacing RuO and IrO with efficient, non-noble metal catalysts for the OER is crucial for advancing large-scale hydrogen production via water electrolysis. Leveraging the interactions between metal cations, the binary transition metal oxide NiMoO exhibits significant potential for the OER activity.

Baicalin reduced vandetanib induced myocardial injury by regulating redox balance and NLRP3 inflammasome pathway.

Baicalin has garnered attention for its potential therapeutic effects on various cardiovascular conditions, including drug-induced cardiac injury. In this study, we utilized a murine model to explore the protective role of baicalin against cardiac dysfunction induced by vandetanib. Our findings indicate that baicalin administration effectively ameliorated vandetanib-induced cardiac injury.

p16 promoted progress of MCT induced pulmonary hypertension via maintaining redox balance and autophagy pathway.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a disease characterized by increased pulmonary vascular resistance and elevated pulmonary arterial pressure. Currently, pathogenesis of PAH remains poorly understood, and therapeutic options are limited. In this study, we aimed to explore role of p16INK4A (p16) in the development of PAH using mouse model induced by monocrotaline (MCT).

Evaluating the influence of human activities on flood severity and its spatial heterogeneity across the Pearl River Delta.

With climate change and intensified human activities, disasters such as heavy rainfall, flooding, typhoons, and storm surges are becoming more frequent, posing significant threats to lives, property, and economic development. We propose a method combining extreme value theory and probability distribution to examine the flood severity under the effect of strong human activities. By focusing on the Pearl River Delta (PRD), as one of the most populated areas of China, we quantified changes in the severity of extreme water level for different return levels between 1966 and 1990 and 1991-2016 (with strong human activities), associated with the spatial patterns over the PRD.

The value of interlobar fissure semilunar sign based on multifactor joint analysis in predicting the invasiveness of ground glass nodules with interlobar fissure attachment in the lungs.

Background: This study explores the value of interlobar fissure semilunar sign(IFSS) based on multifactor joint analysis in predicting the invasiveness of ground glass nodules(GGNs) with interlobar fissure attachment in the lungs.

Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of clinical data and CT images of 203 GGNs attached to the interlobar fissures confirmed by surgery and pathology. According to pathological results, those GGNs were divided into three groups: glandular precursor lesion (atypical adenomatous hyperplasia/adenocarcinoma in situ), minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA), and invasive adenocarcinoma (IAC).

Microbial-mediated metal(loid) immobilization in mulch-covered tailings.

Mulch coverage of mining tailings can create anaerobic conditions and consequently establish an anoxic environment that promotes the metabolic processes of anaerobic microorganisms. This anoxic environment has the potential to decrease heavy metal mobility and bioavailability. While tailings exposed to sunlight have been extensively studied, research on the effects of microbial-mediated geochemical cycling of heavy metals in mulch-covered tailings is scarce.

A point-of-care detection platform for Escherichia coli O157:H7 by integration of smartphone and the structural colour of photonic microsphere.

A smartphone-based sensitive, rapid, label-free and high-throughput detection platform for Escherichia coli O157:H7 was established. The specific recognition capability of this platform was dependent of the aptamer modified on the silica photonic microsphere (SPM), whose structural colour was utilized for the quantification of the target bacterium. Gold nanoparticles and silver staining technique were employed to improve the sensitivity of the detection platform.

Effects of an eastward shift in the Agulhas retroflection region on chlorophyll-a bloom on its south flank.

As observed by remote sensing images in December 2013 and January 2014, chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) bloom occurred on the south side of the Agulhas Current (38°S-45°S). The dynamic mechanisms of Chl-a bloom were studied by satellite remote sensing data, reanalysis data and Argo data. The periodic shedding of the Agulhas ring led to a significant eastward shift of the Agulhas retroflection from December 2013 to January 2014, without the obstruction of flowing complex eddies and with increased current flow.

Calcium Enhances Thallium Uptake in Green Cabbage ( var. L.).

Thallium (Tl) is a nonessential and toxic trace metal that is detrimental to plants, but it can be highly up-taken in green cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata L.

Three-Dimensional Ordered Macroporous Magnetic Inverse Photonic Crystal Microsphere-Based Molecularly Imprinted Polymer for Selective Capture of Aflatoxin B.

Development of an efficient detection method to monitor residual mycotoxins in food is very important to ensure food safety, but the complex food matrix seriously affects the detection sensitivity and accuracy. Here, using a three-dimensional ordered macroporous magnetic inverse photonic crystal microsphere (MPCM) as the supporting material, a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) that can selectively recognize aflatoxin B (AFB) was synthesized through the dummy template imprinting strategy. The MPCM@MIP prepared by employing 5,7-dimethoxycoumarin as the template and methacrylic acid as the functional monomer displayed selectivity toward AFB (imprinting factor of 1.

3D chaos lidar system with a pulsed master oscillator power amplifier scheme.

We investigated the characteristics of chaos-modulated pulses amplified by a pulsed master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) for application in a new chaos lidar system in this study. Compared with the loss modulation applied in a continuous-wave (CW) time-gating scheme, the pulsed MOPA scheme could generate chaos-modulated pulses with much higher peak power, resulting in an improved peak-to-standard deviation of sidelobe level (PSL) in correlation-based lidar detection. When the pulsed MOPA scheme was applied at a duty cycle of 0.

A Novel Multiplex Mycotoxin Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Immunoassay Using Functional Gold Nanotags on a Silica Photonic Crystal Microsphere Biochip.

A novel multiplex mycotoxin surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) immunoassay was established for the first time on different artificial antigen-modified silica photonic crystal microspheres (SPCMs), which can be integrated into a biochip array to achieve multiplex detection using corresponding antibody-functionalized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as the SERS nanotag. The unique optical structure of SPCMs is helpful to find the detection spots easily, accommodate a large amount of probe molecules, and enhance the Raman signal intensity. Such enhancement was confirmed by the simulation result, showing the electric field enhancing effect in SPCMs with AuNPs being 7 times.

Sulfur is a New High-Performance Additive toward High-Voltage LiNiCoMnO Cathode: Tiny Amount, Huge Impact.

Increasing working voltage of cathode has been identified as one of the most promising strategies to increase energy density of the lithium-ion batteries. It is of crucial importance to suppress side reactions and control the formation of a cathode electrolyte interface (CEI) on the cathode surface in a high voltage range. In this work, sulfur is utilized to increase the working voltage of LiNiCoMnO(NCM 523) to 4.

Highly Sensitive Simultaneous Detection of Multiple Mycotoxins Using a Protein Microarray on a TiO-Modified Porous Silicon Surface.

A new protein microarray method for multiplex mycotoxin detection in parallel has been established on a stable TiO-modified porous silicon (PSi) surface. A typical competitive immunoassay microarray protocol has been developed for simultaneous detection of multiplex mycotoxins including aflatoxin B (AFB), ochratoxin A (OTA), and fumonisin B (FB) on the TiO-PSi surface. The epoxy groups were selected to modify the surface of a TiO-PSi wafer for the immobilization of artificial antigens of mycotoxins because of their high signal-to-noise ratios.

A case study of a phytoplankton bloom triggered by a tropical cyclone and cyclonic eddies.

Strong tropical cyclone (TC) Ockhi occurred in the southeastern Arabian Sea (AS) in 2017. Ockhi greatly changed the oceanic conditions and induced large variation in chlorophyll-a (Chl-a). The dynamic mechanisms of the long-term phytoplankton bloom after the passage of the TC were investigated in this study.

High Flocculation of Coal Washing Wastewater Using a Novel Bioflocculant from GZU6722.

Chanhua () was known as a rare entomogenous fungus with various pharmacological activities since a long time ago in China, which has attracted considerable attention. However, less knowledge was maintained about its products as potential bioflocculants. In this work, a bioflocculant IC-1 produced by GZU6722, consisted mainly of protein (4%) and polysaccharides including neutral sugars (52.

Microcolumn-based speciation analysis of thallium in soil and green cabbage.

Thallium (Tl) is a toxic trace metal, whose geochemical behavior and biological effects are closely controlled by its chemical speciation in the environment. However, little tends to be known about this speciation of Tl in soil and plant systems that directly affect the safety of food supplies. In this context, the objective of the present study was to elaborate an efficient method to separate and detect Tl(I) and Tl(III) species for soil and plant samples.

[Survey on the status of health effects and relationship between indices of health effects of population in environment cadmium polluted area in Hezhang County, Guizhou Province].

Objective: To investigate health status of general population in environment cadmium polluted area in Hezhang County, Guizhou Province. Methods The subjects were selected by random sampling from the local resident. The urine samples were collected and detected for cadmium, N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and β2-microglobulin (β2-MG).

Biosorption and bioaccumulation of thallium by thallium-tolerant fungal isolates.

Little is known about the biosorption and bioaccumulation capacity of thallium (Tl) by microorganisms that occur in Tl-polluted soil. The present study focused on characterizing the biosorption and bioaccumulation of Tl by Tl-tolerant fungi isolated from Tl-polluted soils. Preliminary data showed a positive correlation between the biomass and the biosorbed Tl content.

Design, synthesis, and insecticidal activity of some novel diacylhydrazine and acylhydrazone derivatives.

In this study a series of diacylhydrazine and acylhydrazone derivatives were designed and synthesized according to the method of active group combination and the principles of aromatic group bioisosterism. The structures of the novel derivatives were determined on the basis on 1H-NMR, IR and ESI-MS spectral data. All of the compounds were evaluated for their in vivo insecticidal activity against the third instar larvae of Spodoptera exigua Hiibner, Helicoverpa armigera Hubner, Plutella xyllostella Linnaeus and Pieris rapae Linne, respectively, at a concentration of 10 mg/L.

Design, synthesis and insecticidal activity of novel phenylurea derivatives.

A series of novel phenylurea derivatives were designed and synthesized according to the method of active groups linkage and the principle of aromatic groups bioisosterism in this study. The structures of the novel phenylurea derivatives were confirmed based on ESI-MS, IR and 1H-NMR spectral data. All of the compounds were evaluated for the insecticidal activity against the third instars larvae of Spodoptera exigua Hiibner, Plutella xyllostella Linnaeus, Helicoverpa armigera Hubner and Pieris rapae Linne respectively, at the concentration of 10 mg/L.

Synthesis and antifungal activity of the derivatives of novel pyrazole carboxamide and isoxazolol pyrazole carboxylate.

A series of pyrazole carboxamide and isoxazolol pyrazole carboxylate derivatives were designed and synthesized in this study. The structures of the compounds were elucidated based on spectral data (infrared, proton nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectroscopy). Then, all of the compounds were bioassayed in vitro against four types of phytopathogenic fungi (Alternaria porri, Marssonina coronaria, Cercospora petroselini and Rhizoctonia solani) using the mycelium growth inhibition method.

Wide-range particle characterization and elemental concentration in Beijing aerosol during the 2013 Spring Festival.

The number and mass concentration, size distribution, and the concentration of 16 elements were studied in aerosol samples during the Spring Festival celebrations in 2013 in Beijing, China. Both the number and mass concentration increased sharply in a wide range from 10 nm to 10 μm during the firecrackers and fireworks activities. The prominent increase of the number concentration was in 50 nm-500 nm with a peak of 1.

[Estimation of cadmium exposure level for the residents in metal contaminative area].

Objective: To investigate situation of environmental cadmium pollution and exposure level of cadmium in general population.

Methods: Local self-seeded grain and vegetable sample were collected and detected for cadmium content. Dietary survey was carried out in the local resident at the same time.