Integration of Transcription Factors, Photosynthesis, and Nitrogen Metabolic Genes Modulates Nitrogen Stress with Abscisic Acid in Rapeseed.

Nitrogen (N) is essential for plant growth, but excessive fertilizer use decreases nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and raises environmental concerns. This study investigated the effect of exogenous abscisic acid (ABA; 50 μM) application on rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) plants under hydroponic conditions with high (7.

Coherent acoustic frequency comb via floquet engineering of optical tweezer phonon lasers.

Floquet engineering, featuring time-periodic control of various systems, has enabled observations of many exotic phenomena such as time crystals, breaking of reciprocity symmetry, and exceptional topology. Theoretically, a periodic drive can make the system inherit the time period and generate new harmonics or distort the band structure at the fundamental frequency. Here, by combining such a technique with levitated optomechanics, we present an instructive example of a coherent acoustic frequency comb with microsphere phonon lasers.

Dietary habits and complex food relations in Northwest China: a population-based network analysis.

Introduction: This study examines dietary network in Northwest China, focusing on food group consumption and regional trends using network analysis.

Methods: Data from 106 424 participants in the Regional Ethnic Cohort Study were calculated using a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. We compared intake with the 2022 Chinese Dietary Guidelines and employed the EBICglasso method to construct dietary and staple food-related network, assessing its stability and accuracy.

Global, regional, and national economic consequences of tracheal, bronchial, and lung cancer.

Background: Quantifying the macroeconomic impact of tracheal, bronchial, and lung cancers (lung cancer) is crucial for guiding resource allocation, given rising global incidence, aging populations, and constraints in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This study evaluated the global, regional, and national macroeconomic burden of lung cancer in 2021.

Methods: Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) data came from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 study.

Influencing factors and dynamic changes of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in China: From the perspective of machine learning analysis.

Exploring the influencing factors of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and summarizing countermeasures is of great significance for effectively addressing potential public health crises. Based on survey data from China, we employed a Gradient Boosting Decision Tree (GBDT) model and conducted SHAP interpretability analysis. The results show that in the primary series of COVID-19 vaccines, the important factors include social norms, vaccine knowledge, anticipated regret, age, vaccine safety, social responsibility, education level, religious belief, vaccine effectiveness, and perceived severity.

Emerging nanocarriers designed for the enhanced delivery of doxorubicin.

Doxorubicin(DOX), which is a first-line broad-spectrum chemotherapeutic agent remains constrained clinical efficacy by dose-dependent cardiotoxicity, multidrug resistance, and systemic toxicity. Recent advancements in nanocarrier-based drug delivery systems have demonstrated remarkable potential to enhance tumor-specific accumulation, modulate drug release kinetics, and mitigate off-target effects through innovative engineering strategies. Contemporary nanocarrier researchers have expanded beyond conventional efforts to enhance tumor targeting and optimize drug release kinetics, which emphasizes the pathophysiological roles of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in mediating oncogenesis, neoplastic progression, and therapeutic resistance.

Impact of coronavirus disease 2019 on surgery in patients with early-stage lung cancer: the COVIDLungSurg prospective cohort study.

Background: Previous studies found that preoperative coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was associated with higher risk of postoperative complications. A seven-to-eight week delay of surgery was recommended for patients with newly diagnosed COVID-19. However, given the widespread vaccination and less virulent variant, the timing of surgery after COVID-19 requires further evaluation.

Exogenous abscisic acid application enhances nitrogen use efficiency and root development in rapeseed: Transcriptomic and morphological evidence.

Nitrogen (N) is an essential macronutrient governing plant growth and development. However, its excessive application in agricultural systems has precipitated environmental degradation while simultaneously reducing nitrogen use efficiency in crops. This study examined the effects of abscisic acid (ABA; 50 μM) under both high nitrogen (7.

Single-photon circulator by spinning optical resonators.

A circulator is one of the crucial devices in quantum networks and simulations. We propose a four-port circulator that regulates the flow of single photons at muti-frequency points by studying the coherent transmission of a single photon in a coupled system of two resonators and two waveguides. When both resonators are static or rotate at the same angular velocity, the single-photon transport demonstrates reciprocity; however, when the angular velocities differ, four distinct frequency points emerge where photon circulation can occur.

Phosphorescent Elastomer through Carbon Nanodots Microphase Engineering for Diverse Applications.

Stretchable phosphorescent elastomers possess great potential in flexible devices and wearable electronics. However, traditional room-temperature phosphorescent (RTP) materials exhibit poor stretchability, thereby presenting a challenge in reconciling the contradiction between RTP performance and stretchability. Here, we present carbon nanodots (CNDs) microphase engineering strategy that integrates CNDs with rigid microconfinement within a flexible matrix, demonstrating phosphorescent elastomers with high performance.

transcription factors in plant defense: regulatory cascades and functional diversity.

Basic leucine zipper transcription factors (TFs), also known as ABRE-BINDING PROTEINs/ABRE BINDING FACTORs (), and ABA INSENSITIVE 5 (), show a great potential for the regulation of gene expressions in different crops under unfavorable conditions. These factors are involved in phytohormone signaling pathways, developmental metabolism, and growth regulation under environmental stresses. functions alongside to regulate gene expression, with their promoter regions composed of the receptors , kinases (sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase 2) and phosphatases (PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE 2 C).

HSP90 inhibitor-loaded hollow mesoporous nanoparticles for enhanced synergistic mild photothermal/chemotherapy in triple negative breast cancer.

The combination of mild-temperature photothermal and chemotherapy represents a promising therapeutic strategy capable of maximizing anti-cancer efficacy while minimizing adverse reactions, particularly when integrated with multi-modal treatments. Nevertheless, the increase in heat shock protein (HSP) expression induced by mild hyperthermia may significantly influence the therapeutic efficacy. In this study, Isoliensinine (Iso) and the heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) inhibitor ganetespib were loaded into MPDA nanoparticles (NPs) to form GI-MPDA@BSA NPs, establishing a multi-modal therapeutic nanoplatform.

TaLAC129 is a negative regulator of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis but enhanced the growth and yield of bread wheat.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis enhances nutrient acquisition and stress resilience in plants, yet the genetic mechanisms regulating this interaction in wheat remain poorly understood. This study explores the variation in AM colonization rates across a diverse set of wheat varieties and aims to identify key genes that regulate the wheat-AM symbiosis. Understanding these molecular mechanisms is crucial for improving nutrient uptake efficiency and stress resistance in wheat breeding programs.

Loss-Enabled Chirality Inversion in Terahertz Metasurfaces.

Exceptional points (EPs), known as non-Hermitian degeneracies featuring missing eigenspace dimensions, have led to a variety of intriguing wave phenomena in various physical platforms. Chiral EPs collapsing in two orthogonal eigenstates can lead to unique effects and applications, such as loss-induced transparency, EP-enhanced sensing, and chirality-reversal electronics, etc. However, in previous experiments, chiral EPs were typically induced in fixed structures with inherent active gains or nearby nanotips, which are unfavorable for on-chip integrations with low-power elements.

Enhancing seed yield and nitrogen use efficiency of Brassica napus L. under low nitrogen by overexpression of G-proteins from Arabidopsis thaliana.

Heterotrimeric G-proteins, composed of Gα, Gβ, and Gγ subunits, are involved in the regulation of multiple signaling pathways in plants. OsDEP1 (Gγ subunit-encoded protein) of rice and TaNBP1 (Gβ subunit-encoded protein) of wheat are homologs of Arabidopsis AGG3 and AGB1, respectively, which are regulators of grain size and also involved in nitrogen responses. However, the function of Arabidopsis G-proteins in nitrogen utilization under different nitrogen conditions has not been fully investigated.

Achieving Robust Single-Photon Blockade with a Single Nanotip.

Backscattering losses (BSL), arising from intrinsic imperfections or unavoidable external perturbations in optical resonators, can severely impact photonic devices. In single-photon systems, robust quantum correlations against BSL remain largely unexplored despite their significance for various applications. Here, we demonstrate that single-photon blockade (SPB), a purely quantum effect, can be preserved against BSL by introducing a nanotip near a Kerr nonlinear resonator with intrinsic defects.

A facile liquid biopsy assay for highly efficient CTCs capture and reagent-less monitoring of immune checkpoint PD-L1 expression on CTCs with non-small cell lung cancer patients.

Programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) immunotherapy holds a pivotal role in lung cancer treatment. However, current methods for monitoring PD-L1 expression exhibit several limitations, including hysteresis and the invasive nature of tissue sampling. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs), the important biomarkers in liquid biopsy, are minimally invasive and facilitate continuous monitoring.

Nonreciprocal single-photon band structure in a coupled-spinning-resonator chain.

We analyze the single-photon band structure and the transport of a single photon in a one-dimensional coupled-spinning-resonator chain. The time-reversal symmetry of the resonators chain is broken by the spinning of the resonators, instead of external or synthetic magnetic field. Two nonreciprocal single-photon band gaps can be obtained in the coupled-spinning-resonator chain, whose width depends on the angular velocity of the spinning resonator.

Magnetic-field-direction-controlled slow light and second-order sidebands in a cavity-magnon optomechanical system.

We theoretically study how the magnetic field direction controls both the transmission rate and the group delay of the signal, as well as the second-order sideband process in a hybrid cavity-magnon optomechanical system. By tuning the direction of the bias magnetic field, either a positive or negative magnon Kerr coefficient can be achieved, leading to a corresponding shift in the magnon frequency. As a result, the transmission rate can be significantly modified, resulting in a Fano-like transparency spectrum governed by the magnetic field direction, along with a slow-to-fast light switch also influenced by that direction.

Automated High-Throughput Affinity Capture-Mass Spectrometry Platform with Data-Independent Acquisition.

Affinity capture (AC) combined with mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics is highly utilized throughout the drug discovery pipeline to determine small-molecule target selectivity and engagement. However, the tedious sample preparation steps and time-consuming MS acquisition process have limited its use in a high-throughput format. Here, we report an automated workflow employing biotinylated probes and streptavidin magnetic beads for small-molecule target enrichment in the 96-well plate format, ending with direct sampling from EvoSep Solid Phase Extraction tips for liquid chromatography (LC)-tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) analysis.

Metasurface higher-order poincaré sphere polarization detection clock.

Accurately and swiftly characterizing the state of polarization (SoP) of complex structured light is crucial in the realms of classical and quantum optics. Conventional strategies for detecting SoP, which typically involves a sequence of cascaded optical elements, are bulky, complex, and run counter to miniaturization and integration. While metasurface-enabled polarimetry has emerged to overcome these limitations, its functionality predominantly remains confined to identifying SoP within the standard Poincaré sphere framework.

Observation of quantum strong Mpemba effect.

An ancient and counterintuitive phenomenon known as the Mpemba effect (water can cool faster when initially heated up) showcases the critical role of initial conditions in relaxation processes. How to realize and utilize this effect for speeding up relaxation is an important but challenging task in purely quantum system till now. Here, we experimentally study the strong Mpemba effect in a single trapped ion system in which an exponentially accelerated relaxation in time is observed by preparing an optimal quantum initial state with no excitation of the slowest decaying mode.

Smooth and safe stop: Fixed-time fault tolerant control for heavy legged robot with active identification on tolerance capability.

Heavy-legged robots (HLRs), integral to optimizing efficiency in manufacturing and transportation, rely on advanced active servo fault diagnosis and fault-tolerant control (FTC) mechanisms. This study presents an FTC framework with active fault status identification, fault tolerance capability assessment, and model uncertainty handling. A key contribution is the introduction of an active servo fault state estimator (ASFSE), which enables real-time monitoring of servo status by comparing residual differences between servo and controller outputs.

RNA-Seq Reveals the Mechanism of Pyroptosis Induced by Oxygen-Enriched IR780 Nanobubbles-Mediated Sono-Photodynamic Therapy.

Background: Sono-photodynamic therapy (SPDT), the combination of sonodynamic therapy (SDT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT), is a promising tumor treatment method. However, the hypoxic tumor microenvironment greatly compromises the efficacy of SPDT. Pyroptosis, a new type of programmed cell death, is mainly induced by some chemotherapeutic drugs in the current research, and rarely by SPDT.