Excess copper exposure and male reproductive toxicity: molecular mechanisms and potential interventions.

Copper (Cu) is an essential micronutrient in various enzymatic and physiological functions. However, excessive copper intake, mainly resulting from industrial emissions and improper agricultural practices, has raised growing concerns due to its toxicological effects, particularly on the male reproductive system. This review summarizes current research progress on copper-induced reproductive toxicity in males, emphasizing its impact on sperm quality, androgen production, and testicular structure and function.

[Simultaneous determination of 50 veterinary drug residues in fish， shrimp， and crabs using a composite purification column-ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry].

China is the world's largest producer and consumer of aquatic products. Insecticides， as well as veterinary drugs， such as quinolones， macrolides， nitroimidazoles， sulfonamides， and amphenicols， are widely used in aquaculture. These compounds play crucial roles in preventing， controlling， and treating diseases in aquatic organisms， improving feed conversion rates， and promoting the healthy growth of farmed species.

Effects of Copper on Steroid Hormone Secretion, Steroidogenic Enzyme Expression, and Transcriptomic Profiles in Yak Ovarian Granulosa Cells.

Yak (Bos grunniens) is the main economic animal growing in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Because of its poor growing environment, copper deficiency is common. Studies have shown that appropriate copper supplementation can improve the reproductive performance of heifers.

Ablation of Gut Microbiota Alleviates DON-Induced Neurobehavioral Abnormalities and Brain Damage in Mice.

Background: Deoxynivalenol (DON) poses a threat to animal and human health, particularly causing damage to the nervous system. Intestinal flora can regulate the nervous system through the gut-brain axis; however, there is currently a lack of evidence on the effect of changing the intestinal flora on the damage to the nervous system caused by DON. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effect of gut microbiota ablation on neurotoxicity induced by exposure to deoxynivalenol.

Disorders of Iron Metabolism: A "Sharp Edge" of Deoxynivalenol-Induced Hepatotoxicity.

Background/objectives: Deoxynivalenol (DON), known as vomitoxin, is one of the most common mycotoxins produced by , with high detection rates in feed worldwide. Ferroptosis is a novel mode of cell death characterized by lipid peroxidation and the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. Although it has been demonstrated that DON can induce ferroptosis in the liver, the specific mechanisms and pathways are still unknown.

Effect of four traditional Chinese medicine monomers on mechanical barrier damage and inflammation response of IPEC-J2 cells caused by soybean 7S globulin.

Introduction: The soybean 7S globulin is a major allergen responsible for diarrhea in weaned piglets, leading to significant economic loss in the pig breeding industry. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find effective and safe therapeutic agents to prevent and treat diarrhea caused by soybean 7S globulin. Given the global trend toward "antibiotic alternatives," traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) offer a promising approach for the prevention and control of animal diseases.

Microbial Guardians or Foes? Metagenomics Reveal Association of Gut Microbiota in Intestinal Toxicity Caused by DON in Mice.

The role of gut microbiota has become a research hotspot in recent years; however, whether the gut microbiota are involved in the alleviation or exacerbation of Deoxynivalenol (DON) toxicity has not been fully studied. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate whether the gut microbiota are involved in reducing or aggravating the intestinal damage induced by DON in mice. Mice that received or did not receive antibiotic-induced intestinal flora clearance were orally given DON (5 mg kg/bw/day) for 14 days.

Determination of veterinary drugs in foods of animal origin by QuEChERS coupled with ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS).

A method using QuEChERS coupled with ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was developed for the determination of the residues of 19 veterinary drugs in ten animal-derived matrices, including beef, pork, sheep, horse, chicken, prawn, fish, liver, milk, and fat. This method was based on the enactment of veterinary drug compounds by Korea, Canada, the United States, and the European Union in recent years. The samples were extracted using 85% acetonitrile and separated on an ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 column (2.

Effects of Trace Elements and Vitamins on the Synthesis of Steroid Hormones in Follicular Granulosa Cells of Yak.

Yak (), a special breed of cattle on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, has low fertility due to nutritional deficiency, especially the trace elements. The steroid hormones estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) synthesized by yak follicular granulosa cells (BGCs) are involved in the entire reproductive process. In the present study, we investigated the effects of trace elements and vitamins on yak follicular GCs, including the cellular activity, the synthesis of E2 and P4, and the expression of genes related to steroid hormone synthesis.

Histone deacetylase 2 and 3 of : characterization of a potential drug target.

Scabies is a contagious zoonotic parasitic disease that causes a substantial risk to both human and animal health and results in significant financial losses. No vaccine is available for scabies, and drug resistance to the conventional treatment for the disease has increased. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) modifies proteins by removing acetyl moieties from histones, regulates transcription, and is crucial for the immune system and apoptotic processes.

Evaluation of the activity and mechanisms of oregano essential oil against PRV in vivo and in vitro.

Background: The Pseudorabies Virus (PRV) leading to pseudorabies and causes huge economic losses in pig industry. The development of novel PRV variations has diminished the efficacy of traditional vaccinations, and there is yet no medication that can stop the spread of PRV infection. Therefore, PRV eradication is challenging.

miRNA Expression Analysis of IPEC-J2 Cells Damaged by Soybean 7S Globulin Reveals ssc-miR-221-5p as the Factor Alleviating Cell Damage.

The most significant and sensitive antigen protein that causes diarrhea in weaned pigs is soybean 7S globulin. Therefore, identifying the primary target for minimizing intestinal damage brought on by soybean 7S globulin is crucial. MicroRNA (miRNA) is closely related to intestinal epithelium's homeostasis and integrity.

Transcriptome analysis of pigeon pituitary gland: expression changes of genes encoding protein and peptide hormones at different breeding stages.

Unlike other poultry, parent pigeons produce "pigeon milk" in their crops to nurture their squabs, which is mainly controlled by prolactin (PRL). Exception for PRL, the pituitary gland may also release various other peptide and protein hormones. However, whether these hormones change during pigeon crop lactation and their potential physiological functions remain unclear.

Molecular Regulatory Mechanism of Nano-Se Against Copper-Induced Spermatogenesis Disorder.

Selenium nanoparticle (Nano-Se) is a new type of selenium supplement, which can improve the deficiency of traditional selenium supplements and maintain its physiological activity. Due to industrial pollution and irrational use in agriculture, Cu overexposure often occurs in animals and humans. In this study, Nano-Se alleviated CuSO-induced testicular Cu accumulation, serum testosterone level decrease, testicular structural damage, and decrease in sperm quality.

A time-course transcriptome analysis revealing the potential molecular mechanism of early gonadal differentiation in the Chinese giant salamander.

The Chinese giant salamander (CGS) Andrias davidianus is the largest extant amphibian and has recently become an important species for aquaculture with high economic value. Meanwhile, its wild populations and diversity are in urgent need of protection. Exploring the mechanism of its early gonadal differentiation will contribute to the development of CGS aquaculture and the recovery of its wild population.

Effects of CuSO on hepatic mitochondrial function, biogenesis and dynamics in mice.

Copper is an essential trace element for animal. Excessive intake of copper will cause a large accumulation of copper in the body, especially in the liver, and induce hepatotoxicity, however, there are few studies on the effects of copper on hepatic mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial dynamics. In this study, mice were treated with different doses of CuSO (0, 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg) for 21 and 42 days by gavage.

Apoptosis and DNA damage mediated by ROS involved in male reproductive toxicity in mice induced by Nickel.

Nickel (Ni) is the most important environmental pollution in the world. Ni has been confirmed to have multi-organ toxicology and carcinogenicity. Recently, Ni also can impair the male reproductive system, however, its precious mechanism still has not been clarified.

Induction of mitophagy via ROS-dependent pathway protects copper-induced hypothalamic nerve cell injury.

Copper (Cu) is one of the essential trace elements in the body, but excessive amounts of Cu harm multiple organs and tissues such as liver, kidneys, testis, ovaries, and brain. However, the mechanism of hypothalamic neurotoxicity induced by Cu is still unknown. This study examined the relationship between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitophagy in mouse hypothalamus treated with high Cu.

Nickel induces blood-testis barrier damage through ROS-mediated p38 MAPK pathways in mice.

Nickel (Ni) is an essential common environmental contaminant, it is hazardous to male reproduction, but the precise mechanisms are still unknown. Blood-testis barrier (BTB), an important testicular structure consisting of connections between sertoli cells, is the target of reproductive toxicity caused by many environmental toxins. In this study, ultrastructure observation and BTB integrity assay results indicated that NiCl induced BTB damage.

Unraveling extracellular protein signatures to enhance live attenuated vaccine development through type II secretion system disruption in Vibriomimicus.

Type II secretion systems (T2SS) are important molecular machines used by bacteria to transport a wide range of proteins across the outer membrane from the periplasm. Vibrio mimicus is an epidemic pathogen threats to both aquatic animals and human health. Our previous study demonstrates that T2SS deletion reduced virulence by 307.