Magnesium-based thermoelectric materials and modules for low-temperature applications (below 300°C).

Unlabelled: Thermoelectric technology has emerged as a promising solution for direct heat-to-electricity conversion and solid-state cooling, offering great energy efficiency and environmental impact advantages. However, conventional systems predominantly rely on tellurium-based materials, which are limited by scarcity, high cost, and environmental concerns. This article focuses on tellurium-free thermoelectric modules, with an emphasis on magnesium-based alternatives, including -type MgAgSb and -type Mg(Sb, Bi), which demonstrate competitive performance at operating temperatures below 300℃.

The Impact of Childhood Abuse on Anxiety and Depression in Chinese Adolescents: A Transdiagnostic Model.

Anxiety-depression comorbidity in adolescents has become an urgent public health problem, and childhood abuse has been proven to be associated with it. However, the mechanisms that drive this association are still relatively underexplored. This study investigated the cognitive and emotional mechanisms underlying this association, and whether these are moderated by teacher and peer support.

Responses of the Coral Symbiont Cladocopium goreaui to Extreme Temperature Stress in Relatively High-Latitude Reefs, South China Sea.

Global climate change has led to frequent extreme temperature events in oceans. Corals are susceptible to extreme high-temperature stress in summer and extreme low-temperature stress in winter in the relatively high-latitude reef areas of the South China Sea (SCS). The most abundant symbiotic coral Symbiodiniaceae in the higher-latitude reefs of the SCS is Cladocopium goreaui, predominantly associating with dominant coral hosts such as Acropora and Porites.

Biotransformation of 22-hydroxy-23,24-bisnorchol-4-ene-3-one by Gibberella fujikuroi CICC 40272-A to discover novel C22 steroid derivatives.

The microbial transformation of steroids offers a sustainable and selective approach to synthesize pharmacologically valuable derivatives. This study investigated the biotransformation of 22-hydroxy-23,24-bisnorchol-4-ene-3-one (4-HBC) by Gibberella fujikuroi CICC 40272-A to produce novel C22 steroid derivatives. Among seven screened fungal strains, G.

Inequalities in disease burden and care quality of neglected tropical diseases and malaria, 1990-2021: Findings from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease Study.

Background: Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) and malaria represent significant public health threats, particularly in regions with low Socio-Demographic Index (SDI) levels. Despite global efforts to enhance prevention and control, disparities still persist. We aimed to assess the quality of care for NTDs and malaria through the quality of care index (QCI) to analyse differences in regions, genders, age groups, and to provide measures to improve the quality of care to reduce the burden of disease.

GFP-on mouse model for interrogation of in vivo gene editing.

Gene editing technologies have revolutionized therapies for numerous genetic diseases. However, in vivo gene editing hinges on identifying efficient delivery vehicles for editing in targeted cell types, a significant hurdle in fully realizing its therapeutic potential. A model system to rapidly evaluate systemic gene editing would advance the field.

Association between visceral lipid accumulation indicators and advanced cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: a cross-sectional study based on NHANES 1999-2018.

Background A newly recognized condition, the cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome,integrated disease spectrum encompassing interlinked renal, cardiovascular, and metabolic dysfunction. Visceral adiposity plays a pivotal role in driving this multisystem deterioration. Although surrogate markers such as the visceral adiposity index (VAI), metabolic score for visceral fat (METS-VF), body roundness index (BRI), and weight-adjusted waist index (WWI) have been proposed to estimate visceral fat burden, their relationship with advanced CKM syndrome remains poorly defined.

High-performance ZrNiSn-based half-Heusler thermoelectrics with hierarchical architectures enabled by reactive sintering.

Half-Heusler compounds are promising thermoelectric materials for high-temperature applications, yet their performance is limited by high lattice thermal conductivity. Here, we present an alternative approach to synthesize ZrNiSn-based half-Heusler compounds with hierarchical architectures across multiple length scales. By utilizing short-duration mechanical alloying to produce nonequilibrium precursors, followed by reactive sintering, we enable precise control over phase composition and microstructural features.

Characterization and immunogenicity analysis of glutathi- one S-transferase from Otodectes cynotis.

Otodectes cynotis (ear mite), the primary etiological agent of feline otitis externa, represents a significant veterinary concern due to its high prevalence and treatment challenges. Glutathione S-transferase (GST), a detoxifying and immunogenic enzyme in various parasites, is a potential molecular target for vaccine development. In this study, we cloned and heterologously expressed the GST gene from O.

miR-375 protects against acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure by orchestrating pharmacogene expression.

Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose is a leading cause of acute liver failure (ALF), primarily through the excessive production of N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine (NAPQI). N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is the Food and Drug Administration-approved treatment for APAP overdose, but there is a growing interest in microRNAs as potential therapeutic agents. We delivered miR-375 ectopically via a liver-tropic adeno-associated virus serotype 8 (AAV8) and demonstrated its potent protection in a murine model of APAP overdose-induced ALF.

Investigating the Sexual Dimorphism of Waist-to-Hip Ratio and Its Associations with Complex Traits.

Obesity significantly impacts disease burden, with waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) as a key obesity indicator, but the genetic and biological pathways underlying WHR, particularly its sex-specific differences, remain poorly understood. This study explored WHR's sexual dimorphism and its links to complex traits using cross-sectional surveys and genetic data from Giant and UK Biobank (UKB). We analyzed WHR heritability, performed tissue-specific transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS) using FUSION, and conducted genetic correlation analyses with linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) and Local Analysis of [co]Variant Association (LAVA).

Insight into the efficient degradation of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol by a three-electrode simultaneous oxidation-reduction system: kinetics and mechanism.

This study developed a three-electrode system that integrates electro-Fenton (EF) and electrocatalytic hydrodechlorination (ECH) technologies, enabling simultaneous redox processes for the efficient degradation of chlorophenolic pollutants while minimising the formation of chlorine-containing by-products. The system includes a Pd/Ni foam electrode for enhanced hydrodechlorination and an acetylene black/Fe₃O₄ electrode for in-situ H₂O₂ generation and activation to produce hydroxyl radicals. The innovation of this work lies in the novel combination of electrochemical Fenton oxidation and electrocatalytic hydrodechlorination within a single system, offering a more efficient and environmentally friendly solution for chlorophenol degradation.

The association between oxidative balance scores and all-cause mortality and cancer-specific mortality in cancer survivors: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Numerous studies have established that oxidative stress significantly affects the long-term survival of cancer survivors. However, there is currently no comprehensive measure to assess oxidative stress levels in these individuals that associates with all-cause, cause-specific, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. This study aims to investigate the relationship between Oxidative Balance Score (OBS) in American cancer survivors and their risks of all-cause, cancer-specific, and CVD mortality.

Printed Conformal and Transparent Magnetoresistive Sensors for Seamless Integration and Environment-Resilient Touchless Interaction.

Combination of conformability and transparency is crucial for realizing the full capabilities of printed magnetoresistive sensors in cutting-edge technologies designed to blend into their surroundings and applications. However, achieving this poses a critical challenge due to conflicting requirements: magnetic nanowires optimized for deformability exhibit a tendency to cluster, thus compromising transparency. To balance this trade-off, we leverage magnetic fields to manipulate nanowires, simultaneously initiating alignment and pinning effects.

A novel calreticulin of Psoroptes ovis regulated keratinocyte function resulting in host skin barrier dysfunction: implications for involvement in the pathogenesis of psoroptic mange.

Background: Psoroptes ovis, the causative agent of psoroptic mange, affects a wide range of domestic and wild animals, causing substantial economic losses and threatening wildlife survival. However, the underlying pathogenesis of this ectoparasitic disease remains poorly understood.

Methods: In this study, we comprehensively characterized the sequence conservation and excretory-secretory properties of P.

Leveraging transcriptome-wide association studies identifies the relationship between upper respiratory flora and cell type-specific gene expression in severe respiratory disease.

ObjectivesThe upper respiratory tract flora may influence host immunity and modulate susceptibility to viral respiratory infections. This study aimed to investigate the associations between upper respiratory tract flora and immune cells in severe ILI, identify specific microbial taxa and immune response pathways contributing to disease severity, and elucidate how flora influences ILI progression by modulating immune cell functions.MethodsHeritability of GWAS summary data was estimated using LDSC (v1.

The association between weekly mean temperature and the epidemic of influenza across 122 countries/regions, 2014-2019.

The study examined the association between weekly mean temperature and influenza cases across 122 countries/regions (2014-2019) using a distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM). We analyzed 3145206 cases of overall influenza (Flu-All), with influenza A (Flu-A) and influenza B (Flu-B) accounting for 73.49% and 26.

On the Origin of Temperature Induced Performance Degradation of Cu-Contacted Mg-Based ( = Si, Sn) Thermoelectric Materials.

Mg ( = Si, Sn)-based solid solutions are promising candidates for mid-to-high temperature waste heat recovery, but developing long-term stable thermoelectric generators (TEG) remains challenging. While Mg demonstrates excellent thermoelectric performance, it is susceptible to Mg loss, causing changes in carrier concentration through the formation of intrinsic defects. More severe degradation has further been observed for samples following contacting with a metal electrode, presenting an additional challenge for TEG technology advancement.

The association between non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and preserved ratio impaired spirometry: NHANES 2007-2012.

Background: Preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) refers to a form of lung function deterioration, and previous studies have established the association with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Research has also shown the association between COPD and lipid metabolism disturbances. Despite these findings, the association between lipid metabolism markers and PRISm remains poorly understood.

Resolving the Snowball Earth conundrum: the role of marine dissolved organic carbon pool.

The Cryogenian Sturtian (717-660 Ma) and Marinoan glacial deposits (∼650-635 Ma), typically consisting of alternating layers of glaciogenic diamictite and clast-free lithofacies, indicate dynamic glaciers or glacial-interglacial cycles during the global glaciations. This may result from ice sublimation in tropics under a Snowball Earth condition. However, this model fails to explain the deposition patterns observed in mid-latitude continents.

Review of the effects of far infrared radiation on muscle injury caused by centrifugal exercise.

Objective: Explore the recovery effect of FIR on high-intensity centrifugal contraction or lower limb muscle fiber injury caused by long-term endurance exercise.

Methods: Collect and organize relevant literature on FIR, and explore the recovery effect and possible mechanism of FIR intervention on subtle muscle fiber damage caused by exercise.

Result: FIR can reduce COX-2, inhibit PGE, accelerate hydrogen peroxide clearance, alleviate pain caused by various conditions, promote cell proliferation, and increase blood flow; Among the two main processing tools of FIR, FIR lighting fixtures that are exposed to radiation for 30 min a day after exercise can effectively alleviate the human induced DOMS condition, while FIR clothing needs to be worn for 9 h a day to have the effect of slowing down DOMS.

Citrifuran E-I, Five Dimeric Polyketides With Potential Anti-inflammatory Activity From Aspergillus sp. AWG 1-15.

Five novel dimeric polyketides, citrifuran E-I (1-5), were isolated from the fungus Aspergillus sp. AWG 1-15. These polyketides were rare heterodimers of azaphilone and furanone derivatives.

Generative artificial intelligence: a historical perspective.

Generative artificial intelligence (GAI) has recently achieved significant success, enabling anyone to create texts, images, videos and even computer codes while providing insights that might not be possible with traditional tools. To stimulate future research, this work provides a brief summary of the ongoing and historical developments in GAI over the past 70 years. The achievements are grouped into four categories: (i) rule-based generative systems that follow specialized rules and instructions, (ii) model-based generative algorithms that produce new content based on statistical or graphical models, (iii) deep generative methodologies that utilize deep neural networks to learn how to generate new content from data and (iv) foundation models that are trained on extensive datasets and capable of performing a variety of generative tasks.

Saturated fatty acid-induced neutrophil extracellular traps contribute to exacerbation and biologic therapy resistance in obesity-related psoriasis.

Psoriasis patients who are obese tend to have serious clinical manifestations and poor responses to various biological agents in most cases. However, the mechanisms by which obesity exacerbates psoriasis remain enigmatic. In this study, we found that the abundance of systemic and localized cutaneous neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) associated with the obesity-induced aggravation of psoriasis was positively correlated with disease severity and that the inhibition of NETs alleviated psoriatic dermatitis in obese mice.