Fluoroalkyl-based near-infrared acceptors for morphology control enabling high-efficiency additive-free organic solar cells.

Herein, a fluoroalkyl side chain modified A-DA'D-A small molecule acceptor, Y18-F9, was developed to optimize the bulk heterojunction morphology in organic solar cells. The introduction of fluorocarbon chains promotes self-assembly into nanoscale fibrous networks, while the low surface energy drive favorable vertical phase segregation. These synergistic effects lead to enhanced molecular packing, improved charge transport and collection, and reduced recombination losses.

Baicalein and Citric Acid Modulate Intestinal Morphology and Health Status in Laying Hens.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of baicalin and citric acid on egg production performance, egg quality, and the intestinal morphology and function of laying hens. A total of 600 Hy-Line Brown laying hens, 59 weeks old, were randomly allocated to four dietary treatments, with 10 replicates per treatment and 15 hens per replicate. The control group was fed a basal diet, while the other three groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 150 mg/kg baicalin (B), 2000 mg/kg citric acid (CA), or 150 mg/kg baicalin plus 2000 mg/kg citric acid (B + CA), respectively.

[Meta-analysis of hydrocortisone in the treatment of severe community-acquired pneumonia].

Objective: To explore whether hydrocortisone can improve the prognosis of patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia (sCAP) by Meta-analysis.

Methods: Randomized controlled trial (RCT) on hydrocortisone in the treatment of sCAP were extracted from the database including PubMed, Cochrane library, Web of Science, and Embase, and the search time was up to April 29, 2023. The patients in the standard treatment group received standard treatment such as antibiotics and supportive care, while those in the hydrocortisone group received hydrocortisone treatment on the basis of standard treatment.

Integrating Bibliometrics and Bioinformatics to Map Knowledge Structure, Trends, and Genetic Insights in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Tumors (2015-2024).

Objective: This study aims to construct a knowledge map of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)-cancer research through bibliometric analysis to elucidate its developmental trajectory and global research landscape, and further employ bioinformatics approaches to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms linking PCOS and related cancer.

Methods: Utilizing the Web of Science Core Collection as the data source, English-language publications from 2015 to 2024 were retrieved. CiteSpace and VOSviewer were employed for co-occurrence analysis, co-citation network construction, cluster identification, and keyword burst detection.

Develop and validate a machine learning model to predict the risk of persistent pain after percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy.

Background: Persistent pain is a common complication following percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy (PTED) for lumbar disc herniation. Identifying associated risk factors and developing a predictive model are crucial for guiding clinical decisions. This study aims to utilize machine learning models to predict persistent pain, identify key influencing factors, and construct a risk model to assess the likelihood of persistent pain.

Soil microbial legacy mediated by buckwheat flavonoids enhances cabbage resistance to clubroot disease.

Background: The legacy of plant growth significantly impacts the health of subsequent plants, yet the mechanisms by which soil legacies in crop rotation systems influence disease resistance through rhizosphere plant-microbiome interactions remain unclear. Using a buckwheat-cabbage rotation model, we investigated how microbial soil legacies shape cabbage growth and clubroot disease resistance.

Results: Three-year field trials revealed that buckwheat rotation sustainably reduced clubroot severity by 67%-97%, regardless of pathogen load.

Serial Cross-Sectional Human Biomonitoring Analysis of Pesticide Exposure Patterns and Their Association with Lipid Metabolism Biomarkers: The Mediating Role of Liver Function.

Continuous low-level exposure to pesticides is inevitable in daily life. Previous studies have demonstrated the adverse effects of pesticide exposure on lipid metabolism. However, population studies have focused primarily on individual pesticides and have short-term fluctuations, and the animal experiments used doses far higher than those exposed by the general population.

Association between visceral lipid accumulation indicators and advanced cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: a cross-sectional study based on NHANES 1999-2018.

Background A newly recognized condition, the cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome,integrated disease spectrum encompassing interlinked renal, cardiovascular, and metabolic dysfunction. Visceral adiposity plays a pivotal role in driving this multisystem deterioration. Although surrogate markers such as the visceral adiposity index (VAI), metabolic score for visceral fat (METS-VF), body roundness index (BRI), and weight-adjusted waist index (WWI) have been proposed to estimate visceral fat burden, their relationship with advanced CKM syndrome remains poorly defined.

Development of sensitive and specific immunochromatographic strips with nanoparticles for rapid detection of flumequine.

Flumequine (Flu) is a fluoroquinolone veterinary antibiotic, which is easy to accumulate in animals, and Flu residues may cause a latent risk to human physiological health. In this study, a high-affinity monoclonal antibody (2.09 × 10 M) to specifically recognize Flu (anti-Flu mAb) was prepared, and then the lateral flow immunochromatographic strips (LFIS) with excellent sensitivity and specificity were developed by combining mAbs with nanoparticles.

Real-world effectiveness of varicella vaccination in Guangzhou, China, 2017-2022: a matched case-control analysis.

Background: China has yet to implement a nationwide two-dose vaccination strategy. This study assesses the real-world effectiveness of varicella vaccination in Guangzhou, where the policy recommends voluntary, self-funded administration of two doses of the live attenuated vaccine, to provide insights for optimizing vaccination strategies.

Research Design And Methods: Using outbreak data from 2017 to 2022 across preschools, primary, and secondary schools, we employed a three-level matched case-control design (school, grade, and class) and applied conditional logistic regression to estimate the effectiveness of single-dose (VE1) and two-dose (VE2) vaccinations, incremental VE, and the effectiveness of emergency vaccination.

Revealing electron transport connectivity as an important factor influencing stability of organic solar cells.

In the pursuit of advancing the commercialization of organic solar cells (OSCs), stability emerges as a paramount challenge. Herein, we show that the electron transport connectivity is a key factor determining the electron transport and device stability of OSCs. When compared to small molecular acceptors (SMAs), the larger-size polymeric acceptors (PAs) are likely to establish an electron transport network with superior connectivity.

Association of heel bone mineral density with incident dementia among ageing adults: a population-based study from the UK Biobank.

Background: Osteoporosis and dementia are two common disorders mainly affecting ageing population, and heel estimated bone mineral density (eBMD) measured by quantitative ultrasound (QUS) has been demonstrated to be a reliable and non-invasive method for assessing skeletal health. The aim of this study is to determine the association between eBMD and incident dementia in older adults.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study employs UK Biobank data of 131,030 adults aged ≥ 60 years without dementia at baseline.

Meat-Carbohydrate Dietary Pattern and Elevated Serum Uric Acid in Children and Adolescents: Mediating Role of Obesity in a Cross-Sectional Study.

Elevated serum uric acid (SUA) levels in young people have become a significant public health concern. Dietary habits are a key factor influencing SUA levels. This study aimed to investigate dietary patterns (DPs) of children and adolescents and their associations with SUA.

Promise and Challenge of β-Lactone Electrophiles to Target Aspartate 12 of Mutant KRAS.

The clinical success of covalent KRAS inhibition prompts further expansion of the concept to target non-cysteine oncogenic mutation sites as in KRAS. This endeavor was hampered by the lack of suitable electrophiles for the selective, covalent engagement of aspartate. Thanks to the recent discovery of β-lactone-bearing covalent inhibitors, new opportunities are emerging.

Lipophagy in immune cells and immune response modulation: Mechanisms and therapeutic potential.

Lipophagy, a selective autophagy pathway targeting LDs, has emerged as a crucial regulator of immune cell function and immune response modulation. By degrading LDs, lipophagy provides essential energy to immune cells, supporting them during inflammation, infection, and cellular stress, and thus maintaining cellular homeostasis. Recent studies reveal lipophagy's influence on immune cell activation, cytokine secretion, antigen presentation, and cellular differentiation, demonstrating its importance in various diseases, including atherosclerosis, liver and kidney diseases, neurological disorders, and obesity-related metabolic conditions.

Distribution and Differential Associations of Neonicotinoids and Their Metabolites in Paired Urine and Serum with Liver Function.

Simultaneous determination of neonicotinoids and their metabolites in urine and serum captures complementary exposure windows and improves health effect assessment beyond single-matrix analysis. In this study, we investigated the distribution characteristics of neonicotinoids and their metabolites in paired urine and serum in 497 participants from the Guangzhou human biomonitoring program. We explored the similarities and differences in the associations of urinary and serum neonicotinoids their metabolites with liver function biomarkers.

Absolute quantification revealed that glutamate increased the abundance of the rhizosphere bacterial community in Camellia oil tree under drought stress.

Introduction: Seasonal drought associated with the subtropical monsoon climate significantly impairs the growth and development of Camellia oil tree seedlings. While previous studies have established that drought stress elevates glutamate content in the rhizosphere of Camellia oil tree, the mechanisms through which glutamate modulates rhizosphere microbial community assembly remain unresolved.

Methods: To investigate the effects of glutamate on the rhizosphere environment under drought stress, we conducted an experiment using three-year-old potted seedlings subjected to moderate drought.

A modified QuEChERS method coupled with GC-MS/MS for the rapid and simultaneous analysis of polybrominated diphenyl ethers and novel brominated flame retardant residues in animal-derived foods.

A simple, rapid, and efficient method was developed for simultaneous determination of 14 PBDEs and 10 NBFRs in animal-derived foods, utilizing gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) coupled with the QuEChERS sample preparation technique. The QuEChERS and GC-MS/MS parameters were carefully optimized for optimal performance. Animal-derived samples were extracted using 10 mL of n-hexane-saturated acetonitrile: Water (1,1, /v) and purified with novel -Sep + sorbent.

Unconventional Stiffening Behavior of Amphiphilic Triblock Copolymers in Aqueous Environments for Thermally Activated Artificial Muscles.

Biological systems achieve multifunctionality through dynamic stiffness modulation, yet replicating this adaptability in synthetic actuators remains challenging. Paradigm-shifting thermally triggered shape-memory polymers (SMPs) are reported that defies conventional thermal softening behavior. By designing amphiphilic triblock copolymers with various block chain lengths, water-induced microphase separation is exploited to achieve anomalous enhancement in stiffness-specially, a remarkable 170-fold modulus increase in aqueous environments at 25 °C, along with a sustained 1.

Longitudinal study of temporal trends in urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites and their repeated cross-sectional association with oxidative stress.

Continuous human biomonitoring of urinary monohydroxy polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites (OH-PAHs) enables the characterization of temporal trends and exposure patterns. In this study, we investigated the temporal trends in urinary concentrations of OH-PAHs among residents in Guangzhou from 2018 to 2023 through serial cross-sectional human biomonitoring programs. We further assessed the annual associations between urinary OH-PAHs and oxidative stress biomarkers to examine the temporal stability of these relationships over the study period.

Human biomonitoring of urinary neonicotinoids and their metabolites by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem with mass spectrometry and their association with oxidative stress.

Neonicotinoids have raised significant concerns due to their widespread use in agricultural applications and potential adverse health effects. Human biomonitoring of urinary neonicotinoids and metabolites enables the assessment of population exposure patterns and evaluation of the health risks associated with neonicotinoid exposure. In this study, we demonstrated automated liquid-liquid extraction and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry for the determination of urinary neonicotinoids and their metabolites in human biomonitoring.

Whole genome sequencing analysis of a novel exopolysaccharide-producing and its impact on the quality of soy sauce.

This study aimed to develop a novel exopolysaccharides (EPS)-producing strain, KUST4317 (BVK), isolated from soy sauce as a multifunctional starter culture for fermented foods. The evaluation mainly focused on its biosafety, metabolic potential, and functional characteristics. Genomic analysis confirmed the strain's biosafety, identifying only seven non-critical antibiotic resistance genes and no virulence factors.

In Situ Condensation Passivation of Organosilane Cross-Linker Enables Inverted Organic Solar Cells near 19% Efficiency.

Inverted organic solar cells (OSCs) exhibit excellent stability, making them promising candidates for practical photovoltaic applications. However, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of inverted devices still falls behind that of conventionally structured OSCs. In this work, a practical strategy for enhancing inverted device performance is demonstrated by introducing an organosilane-based passivation layer onto the ZnO transport layer via solution processing and thermal cross-linking.

CBL-mediated AQP1 ubiquitination aggravates kidney-yang deficiency syndrome by promoting lipid metabolism dysregulation.

Objective: Kidney-Yang Deficiency Syndrome (KYDS) is associated with lipid metabolism dysregulation. This study aimed to investigate the effect of casitas B-lineage lymphoma (CBL)-mediated aquaporin 1 (AQP1) ubiquitination on KYDS.

Methods: The KYDS rat model was induced via intraperitoneal injection of hydrocortisone.

ggClusterNet 2: An R package for microbial co-occurrence networks and associated indicator correlation patterns.

Since its initial release in 2022, has become a vital tool for microbiome research, enabling microbial co-occurrence network analysis and visualization in over 300 studies. To address emerging challenges, including multi-factor experimental designs, multi-treatment conditions, and multi-omics data, we present a comprehensive upgrade with four key components: (1) A microbial co-occurrence network pipeline integrating network computation (Pearson/Spearman/SparCC correlations), visualization, topological characterization of network and node properties, multi-network comparison with statistical testing, network stability (robustness) analysis, and module identification and analysis; (2) Network mining functions for multi-factor, multi-treatment, and spatiotemporal-scale analysis, including and ; (3) Transkingdom network construction using microbiota, multi-omics, and other relevant data, with diverse visualization layouts such as and ; and (4) Transkingdom and multi-omics network analysis, including and visualization algorithms tailored for complex network exploration, including , , and . The updates in enable researchers to explore complex network interactions, offering a robust, efficient, user-friendly, reproducible, and visually versatile tool for microbial co-occurrence networks and indicator correlation patterns.