DAPK1 induces motor neuron apoptosis in hSOD1-linked amyotrophic lateral sclerosis via regulating the Xiap/JNK pathway.

Death-associated protein kinase 1 (DAPK1) is critically involved in regulating cell death in various neurodegenerative disorders. However, the role of DAPK1 in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) remains unclear. Here, we found that the expression of DAPK1 significantly increased in ALS, showing a negative correlation with miR-501-3p.

Soil-Driven Coupling of Plant Community Functional Traits and Diversity in Desert-Oasis Transition Zone.

Understanding the relationships between diversity and functional traits in plant communities is essential for elucidating ecosystem functions, forecasting community succession, and informing ecological restoration efforts in arid regions. Although the current research on plant functional traits and diversity has improved our ability to predict ecological functions, there are still many problems, such as how environmental changes affect the relationship between species diversity and plant functional traits, and how these interactions affect plant community functions. We examined the relationships among leaf and fine root functional traits, species diversity, and functional diversity at the community level, along with their environmental interpretations, in a plant community within the desert-oasis transition zone of the Hexi Corridor, where habitats are undergoing significant small-scale changes.

Imaging-Based AI for Predicting Lymphovascular Space Invasion in Cervical Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: The role of artificial intelligence (AI) in enhancing the accuracy of lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) detection in cervical cancer remains debated.

Objective: This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of imaging-based AI for predicting LVSI in cervical cancer.

Methods: We conducted a comprehensive literature search across multiple databases, including PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science, identifying studies published up to November 9, 2024.

Feasibility of elective neck irradiation in treating node-negative nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients: a meta-analysis.

Purpose: Intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) has replaced conventional two-dimensional radiation therapy as the mainstream radiation therapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. However, side effects continue to be a significant concern during the radiotherapy process for nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. The recognized target area for cervical prophylaxis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma is whole neck irradiation (WNI), Currently, some studies have confirmed that upper neck irradiation (UNI) may be feasible as a preventive measure for NPC patients with negative neck lymph nodes.

COMM domain containing 4 inhibits hephaestin and ferroportin to enhance neuronal ferroptosis by disturbing the Cu-Fe balance in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Dysregulation of copper and iron homeostasis contributes to the progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), but the role and mechanism of COMM domain containing 4 (COMMD4) in ALS remains unclear. In this research, we showed that the expression of COMMD4 was upregulated in ALS cells and animal models. The increased COMMD4 induced neuronal ferroptosis by disrupting the Cu-Fe balance.

Surface deoxygenation via electron beam/oxidant treatment: A novel pathway to reduce pollutant adsorption on aged microplastics.

Several methods have been developed to age microplastics (MPs), and aged microplastics also exhibit a significant increase in adsorption capacity for pollutants. We utilized electron beam/oxidant to create strong oxidative environment, achieving efficient aging degradation of microplastics and significant reduction in aged microplastics adsorption capacity. The adsorption capacity of aged polyethylene decreases from 1.

Inhibition of Salt-Inducible Kinase 2 Protects Motor Neurons From Degeneration in ALS by Activating Autophagic Flux and Enhancing mTORC1 Activity.

Objectives: Autophagic impairment has been implicated in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Salt-inducible kinase 2 (SIK2), a member of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) family widely expressed in the central nervous system, plays critical roles in neuronal survival, neurogenesis, and the regulation of autophagy. This study aims to investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of SIK2 in the pathogenesis of ALS.

Comparison of a Series of Ga-Labeled DOTA-LLP2A Conjugates for Positron Emission Tomography Imaging of Very Late Antigen-4 in Melanoma.

Melanoma, with its steadily rising global incidence, is characterized by high invasiveness, leading to poor prognosis in advanced stages. There remains an unmet clinical need for the development of radiolabeled PET imaging probes for the early diagnosis of melanoma. Integrin VLA-4, a key factor in melanoma metastasis, presents a promising protein target to address the specificity shortcomings of existing probes in melanoma imaging.

Decomplexation of Pb-EDTA by electron beam irradiation technology: efficiency and mechanism.

As a common heavy metal complex in industrial wastewater, Pb-EDTA has garnered much attention due to its detrimental impact on both human health and the ecological environment. The degradation of heavy metal complexes by traditional methods requires subsequent treatment to recover heavy metals. This article attempts to find an effective method to simultaneously degrade both organic matter and heavy metal pollutants.

BRD7 regulates cellular senescence and apoptosis in ALS by modulating p21 expression and p53 mitochondrial translocation respectively.

Cellular senescence is involved in the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Motor neurons exhibit senescence-like alterations in ALS. BRD7, identified as a regulatory factor associated with cellular senescence, its function in ALS remains unclear.

Fine Root Traits across Different Root Orders and Their Associations with Leaf Traits in 15 Co-Occurring Plant Species from the Desert-Oasis Transition Zone in the Hexi Corridor, Gansu Province, China.

Fine root traits embody trade-offs between resource acquisition and conservation in plants. Yet, the differentiation of these traits across root orders, the existence of a root economics spectrum (RES) spanning these orders, and their linkage with leaf traits remain underexplored. In this study, we analyzed the first three root orders and leaf traits of 15 co-occurring plant species, including ten herbs and five shrubs, from the desert-oasis transition zone of the Hexi Corridor.

Electron beam synergetic removal of microplastics and hexavalent chromium: Synergetic removal process and mechanism.

Microplastics are ubiquitous in the environment and aged microplastics are highly susceptible to absorbing pollutants from the environment. In this study, electron beam was innovatively used to treat PVC composite Cr(VI) pollutants (Composite contaminant formed by polyvinyl chloride microplastics with the heavy metal hexavalent chromium). Experiments showed that electron beam was able to achieve synergistic removal of PVC composite Cr(VI) pollutants compared to degrading the pollutants alone.

RBM5 induces motor neuron apoptosis in hSOD1-related amyotrophic lateral sclerosis by inhibiting Rac1/AKT pathways.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder distinguished by gradual depletion of motor neurons. RNA binding motif protein 5 (RBM5), an abundantly expressed RNA-binding protein, plays a critical role in the process of cellular death. However, little is known about the role of RBM5 in the pathogenesis of ALS.

Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery Systems for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Treatment.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, non-specific inflammatory condition characterized by recurring inflammation of the intestinal mucosa. However, the existing IBD treatments are ineffective and have serious side effects. The etiology of IBD is multifactorial and encompasses immune, genetic, environmental, dietary, and microbial factors.

A massive pulmonary arteriovenous fistula complicated with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease treated by interventional therapy: a case report.

Background: Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula (PAVF) is a rare disease, and its symptoms lack specificity. For patients with coronary heart disease(CHD), hypertension and other common cardiovascular diseases, PAVF is easy to be ignored. We presented a case of massive PAVF complicated with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease by interventional treatment to improve the understanding of this complex disease.

Revealing the role of interlayer spacing in radioactive-ion sieving of functionalized graphene membranes.

Functionalization of graphene enables precise control over interlayer spacing during film formation, thereby enhancing the separation efficiency of radioactive ions in graphene membranes. However, the systematic impact of interlayer spacing of graphene membranes on radioactive-ion separation remains unexplored. This study aims to elucidate how interlayer spacing in functionalized graphene membranes affects the separation of radioactive ions.

Enabling Gradient-Structured Solid Electrolyte Interphase by a Hydrated Eutectic Electrolyte for High-Performance Zn Metal Batteries.

Aqueous Zn metal batteries are attracting tremendous interest as promising energy storage systems due to their intrinsic safety and cost-effectiveness. Nevertheless, the reversibility of Zn metal anodes (ZMAs) is hindered by water-induced parasitic reactions and dendrite growth. Herein, a novel hydrated eutectic electrolyte (HEE) consisting of Zn(BF)·xHO and sulfolane (SL) is developed to prevent the side reactions and achieve the outstanding cyclability of ZMAs.

Stable anode/separator interface enabled by graft modification of polypropylene separator via electron beam irradiation technique toward high-performance sodium metal batteries.

Sodium metal batteries (SMBs) are considered as strong alternatives to lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), due to the inherent merits of sodium metal anodes (SMAs) including low redox potential (-2.71 V vs. SHE), high theoretical capacity (1166 mAh g), and abundant resources.

Investigation into the characteristics of electron beam-aged microplastics and adsorption behavior of dibutyl phthalate.

Microplastics are increasingly prevalent in the environment, and their ability to adsorb various organic additives, posing harm to organisms, has attracted growing attention. Currently, there are no effective methods to age microplastics, and there is limited discussion on the subsequent treatment of aged microplastics. This study focuses on micro polyethylene (PE) and employs electron beam technology for aging treatment, investigating the adsorption and leaching behavior between PE and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) before and after aging.

Construction of unique NiCoP/FeNiCoP hollow heterostructured ellipsoids with modulated electronic structure for enhanced overall water splitting.

Transition metal phosphides have been demonstrated to be promising non-noble catalysts for water splitting, yet their electrocatalytic performance is impeded by unfavorable free energies of adsorbed intermediates. The achievement of nanoscale modulation in morphology and electronic states is imperative for enhancing their intrinsic electrocatalytic activity. Herein, we propose a strategy to expedite the water splitting process over NiCoP/FeNiCoP hollow ellipsoids by modulating the electronic structure and d-band center.

A Cuproptosis-Related gene Signature as a Prognostic Biomarker in Thyroid Cancer Based on Transcriptomics.

Thyroid cancer (THCA) is the most prevalent endocrine tumor, and its incidence continues to increase every year. However, the processes underlying the aggressive progression of thyroid cancer are unknown. We concentrated on the prognostic and biological importance of thyroid cancer cuproptosis-related genes in this investigation.

β-Galactosidase-guided self-assembled Ga nanofibers probe for micro-PET tumor imaging.

β-galactosidase (β-gal) has high activity in various malignancies, which is suitable for targeted positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. Meanwhile, β-gal can successfully guide the formation of nanofibers, which enhances the intensity of imaging and extends the imaging time. Herein, we designed a β-galactosidase-guided self-assembled PET imaging probe [Ga]Nap-NOTA-1Gal.

Failure of lipid control by PCSK9 inhibitors in compound heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia complicated with premature myocardial infarction: A case report.

Key Clinical Message: A certain level of low-density lipoprotein receptor activity is crucial for the efficacy of PCSK9i. Therapeutic strategies for familial hypercholesterolemia patients should consider drug efficacy, and genetic testing will be helpful.

Abstract: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a serious autosomal dominant disorder.

The chief culprit of intractable hypoxemia: a case report of rare pulmonary arteriovenous fistula complicated with giant hemangioma.

Background: Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula (PAVF) is a rare disease, which can lead to the direct return of unoxidized venous blood to pulmonary veins and left heart, resulting in right-to-left shunt leading to hypoxia. Long term, the right-to-left shunt will cause severe pathophysiological changes in the patient's body and pulmonary circulation, and the prognosis will be poor if PAVF is not treated timely.

Case Presentation: Here, we report the case of a 71-year-old man who presented with chest tightness and shortness of breath.