Multi-Metal Alloy Nanotubes with Sub-1 Nm Wall Thickness for Efficient Inorganic and Organic Nitrogen Reduction.

The multi-metal alloy (MMA) catalysts display exceptional multifunctional catalytic capabilities. However, it is still a great challenge to improve the catalytic performance by accurately synthesizing the morphology. Herein, we present a simple one-pot method for designing and synthesizing the ultrathin MMA nanotube-structured CuNiCoFeRu catalysts (CuNiCoFeRu UNT), which achieve unprecedented comprehensive performance in nitrate and nitrobenzene reduction.

Mutant IDH silences GSX2 to reprogram neural progenitor cell fate and promote gliomagenesis.

Isocitrate dehydrogenase ( ) mutations arise early in gliomas and are associated with a defined neurodevelopmental cancer cell hierarchy. However, how mutant IDH contributes to this hierarchy and whether this interaction promotes gliomagenesis remain unclear. We captured the dynamics of IDH-mutant glioma initiation in genetically engineered mice through time-resolved, single-cell genomics.

SGA-U-Net-Based Histopathological Assistive Diagnosis for Wilms Tumor Using Whole Slide Images.

Wilms tumor (WT) is the most prevalent renal malignancy in children. Determining its histopathological classification is critical for prognosis and postoperative treatment options. The histopathological classification of WT is based on the area percentages of its primary components, making accurate segmentation of these components essential for classification outcomes.

Design, synthesis, and in vitro and in vivo anticancer activity of mitochondrial targeted ferulic acid derivatives.

Ferulic acid, a natural active ingredient, mainly exerts antitumor activity by disrupting mitochondrial function and has the advantages of low toxicity and high efficiency. However, poor water solubility and low bioavailability have limited its further development. This article uses triphenylphosphonium salts (TPP) with both amphiphilicity and tumor mitochondrial targeting to modify the structure of ferulic acid, and designs and synthesizes a series of TPP conjugated ferulic acid derivatives.

An oncohistone-driven H3.3K27M/CREB5/ID1 axis maintains the stemness and malignancy of diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma.

Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG), a lethal pediatric cancer driven by H3K27M oncohistones, exhibits aberrant epigenetic regulation and stem-like cell states. Here, we uncover an axis involving H3.3K27M oncohistones, CREB5/ID1, which sustains the stem-like state of DIPG cells, promoting malignancy.

A realistic human head phantom for electromagnetic detection of brain diseases.

The research on electromagnetic detection technology for brain diseases requires precise simulation of the human head. This article combines high-precision computed tomography (CT) images and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images to establish an electromagnetic numerical model of the human head with a real anatomical structure. (1) It had Asian characteristics and encompassed 14 different structures, including skin, muscles, cranial bones, cerebrospinal fluid, cerebral veins, cerebral arteries, gray matter, white matter of the brain, basal ganglia, thalamus, cerebellum, brainstem, eyeballs, and vertebrae.

Urea Chelation of I for High-Voltage Aqueous Zinc-Iodine Batteries.

The multielectron conversion electrochemistry of I/I/I enables high specific capacity and voltage in zinc-iodine batteries. Unfortunately, the I ions are thermodynamically unstable and are highly susceptible to hydrolysis. Current endeavors primarily focus on exploring interhalogen chemistry to activate the I/I couple.

Effects of the Application of DY1-3 on the Growth of Maize Plants and the Structure of Soil Bacterial Community.

Against the background of increasing salinisation of land, the use of environmentally friendly plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) resources for soil improvement is particularly important. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of DY1-3 on maize seedling growth, soil physico-chemical properties, and bacterial community structure. The study also evaluates the effects of this microbial agent on plant growth and saline soil improvement, providing theoretical references for microbial agents in promoting plant growth and improving saline soils.

Effects of acetylated polysaccharide on the prebiotic properties of grape seed proanthocyanidins - Based on in vitro fermentation with Artemisia sphaerocephala Krasch glucomannan.

This study evaluated the impact of Artemisia sphaerocephala Krasch glucomannan with different degrees of acetyl group substitution (DS) on the prebiotic properties of grape seed proanthocyanidins (GSP). UV spectra, CIELab, and dynamic light scattering analyses indicated DS-influenced variable interactions between GSP and glucomannan. In vitro fermentation demonstrated that glucomannan enhanced the solubility of some phenolic compounds, and decreased the pH value of fermentation liquids.

Advanced diffusion-weighted MRI models for preoperative prediction of lymph node metastasis in resectable gastric cancer.

Objective: To investigate the potential of six advanced diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) models for preoperative prediction of lymph node metastasis (LNM) in resectable gastric cancer (GC).

Methods: Between Nov 2022 and Nov 2023, standard MRI scans were prospectively performed in consecutive patients with endoscopic pathology-confirmed gastric adenocarcinoma who were referred for direct radical gastrectomy. Six DWI models, including fractional order calculus (FROC), continuous-time random walk (CTRW), diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI), intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM), the mono-exponential model (MEM) and the stretched exponential model (SEM) were computed.

Synergistic effects of bivalve and microalgae co-cultivation on carbon dynamics and water quality.

Aquaculture of bivalve shellfish and algae offers significant ecological benefits, yet the complex interactions between these organisms can substantially impact local carbon dynamics. This study investigated the effects of co-culturing four intertidal bivalve species Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas), Manila clams (Ruditapes philippinarum), Chinese clams (Cyclina sinensis), and hard clams (Mercenaria mercenaria) with microalgae (Isochrysis galbana) on specific water quality parameters, including total particulate matter (TPM), total organic matter (TOM), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), dissolved carbon dioxide (dCO), dissolved oxygen (DO), and ammonium (NH) concentrations. The bivalves were divided into smaller and larger groups and cultured under two conditions: with algae (WP) and without (NP), along with matched controls.

Strong and Thermo-Switchable Gel Adhesion Based on UCST-Type Phase Transition in Deep Eutectic Solvent.

It remains a great challenge to achieve strong and reversible hydrogel adhesion. Hydrogel adhesives also suffer from poor environmental stability due to dehydration. To overcome these problems, here reversible adhesive gels are designed using a new switching mechanism and new solvent.

Three-dimensional ordered macroporous LaFeMnO with high stability for efficient NO oxidation and sulfur resistance.

NO is an air pollutant that affects human health. A series of perovskite catalysts with different ratios of lanthanum, iron, and manganese and a three-dimensional ordered microporous structure was prepared, and the strongest catalytic performance was obtained with the LaFeMnO catalyst. LaFeMnO possesses the greatest number of oxygen vacancies and reached 77% NO oxidation conversion at 250 °C, with the highest NO oxidation conversion of 99% at 318 °C.

Goal-Guided Graph Attention Network with Interactive State Refinement for Multi-Agent Trajectory Prediction.

The accurate prediction of the future trajectories of traffic participants is crucial for enhancing the safety and decision-making capabilities of autonomous vehicles. Modeling social interactions among agents and revealing the inherent relationships is crucial for accurate trajectory prediction. In this context, we propose a goal-guided and interaction-aware state refinement graph attention network (SRGAT) for multi-agent trajectory prediction.

Effects of acetyl groups on the prebiotic properties of glucomannan extracted from Artemisia sphaerocephala Krasch seeds.

This study explores the structural modification of glucomannan extracted from Artemisia sphaerocephala Krasch seeds (60S) to assess the impact of acetyl groups on its prebiotic characteristics. The structural changes were examined, with a focus on the degree of acetyl group substitution (DS). Both deacetylation and acetylation had limited influence on the molecular properties of 60S.

Immunomodulatory effects and improved outcomes with cisplatin- versus carboplatin-based chemotherapy plus atezolizumab in urothelial cancer.

In metastatic urothelial cancer (mUC), cisplatin versus carboplatin leads to durable disease control in a subset of patients. The IMvigor130 trial reveals more favorable effects with atezolizumab combined with gemcitabine and cisplatin (GemCis) versus gemcitabine and carboplatin (GemCarbo). This study investigates the immunomodulatory effects of cisplatin as a potential explanation for these observations.

Fimepinostat Impairs NF-κB and PI3K/AKT Signaling and Enhances Gemcitabine Efficacy in H3.3K27M-Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma.

Unlabelled: Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is the most aggressive pediatric brain tumor, and the oncohistone H3.3K27M mutation is associated with significantly worse clinical outcomes. Despite extensive research efforts, effective approaches for treating DIPG are lacking.

Conductivity reactivity index for monitoring of cerebrovascular autoregulation in early cerebral ischemic rabbits.

Background: Cerebrovascular autoregulation (CVAR) is the mechanism that maintains constant cerebral blood flow by adjusting the caliber of the cerebral vessels. It is important to have an effective, contactless way to monitor and assess CVAR in patients with ischemia.

Methods: The adjustment of cerebral blood flow leads to changes in the conductivity of the whole brain.

Research Progress on the Mechanism of Nanoparticles Crossing the Intestinal Epithelial Cell Membrane.

Improving the stability of drugs in the gastrointestinal tract and their penetration ability in the mucosal layer by implementing a nanoparticle delivery strategy is currently a research focus in the pharmaceutical field. However, for most drugs, nanoparticles failed in enhancing their oral absorption on a large scale (4 folds or above), which hinders their clinical application. Recently, several researchers have proved that the intestinal epithelial cell membrane crossing behaviors of nanoparticles deeply influenced their oral absorption, and relevant reviews were rare.

Comprehensive Immune Profiling Unveils a Subset of Leiomyosarcoma with "Hot" Tumor Immune Microenvironment.

To investigate the immune biomarker in Leiomyosarcoma (LMS), which is rare and recognized as an immune cold cancer showing a poor response rate (<10%) to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). However, durable response and clinical benefit to ICIs has been observed in a few cases of LMS, including, but not only, LMS with tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS) structures. We used comprehensive transcriptomic profiling and a deconvolution method extracted from RNA-sequencing gene expression data in two independent LMS cohorts, the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC, N = 146) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA, N = 75), to explore tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) in LMS.

Tumor Dynamic Model-Based Decision Support for Phase Ib/II Combination Studies: A Retrospective Assessment Based on Resampling of the Phase III Study IMpower150.

Purpose: Model-based tumor growth inhibition (TGI) metrics are increasingly incorporated into go/no-go decisions in early clinical studies. To apply this methodology to new investigational combinations requires independent evaluation of TGI metrics in recently completed Phase III trials of effective immunotherapy.

Patients And Methods: Data were extracted from IMpower150, a positive, randomized, Phase III study of first-line therapy in 1,202 patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

Multi-functional chitosan copolymer modified nanocrystals as oral andrographolide delivery systems for enhanced bioavailability and anti-inflammatory efficacy.

Modifying nanocrystals with functional materials have been common strategy to enlarge the enhancing ability on oral absorption via nanocrystals; however, whether the functional materials have played their full enhancing ability in oral absorption is still unknown. In this study, we synthetized a novel chitosan-based copolymer (the copolymer of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), chitosan (CS) and D-α-Tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate, SDS-CS-TPGS), and modified nanocrystals with this copolymer, aiming to enhance the oral absorption of polymer andrographolide (ADR). In real-time distribution study, we found the distribution of ADR, SDS, CS and TPGS varies in gastrointestinal tract, while the distribution of ADR and SDS-CS-TPGS was similar, revealing the SDS-CS-TPGS could able to participate in the absorption process of andrographolide timely.

A novel sensor system to detect cerebral hemorrhage in rabbits through MIPS.

Background: Magnetic-induction phase shift (MIPS) was rarely used in vivo and clinically because of low sensitivity and nonquantitative detection. The conventional single excitation coil and single detection coil (single coil-coil) generates divergent excitation magnetic field, resulting in different sensitivity of different object positions.

Purpose: To improve the sensitivity and linearity of MIPS and object volume to realize quantitative detection, a novel sensor system was proposed.