A novel method based on nonparametric regression with a Gaussian kernel algorithm identifies the critical components in CHO media and feed optimization.

As the composition of animal cell culture medium becomes more complex, the identification of key variables is important for simplifying and guiding the subsequent medium optimization. However, the traditional experimental design methods are impractical and limited in their ability to explore such large feature spaces. Therefore, in this work, we developed a NRGK (nonparametric regression with Gaussian kernel) method, which aimed to identify the critical components that affect product titres during the development of cell culture media.

Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium) CmICE2 conferred freezing tolerance in Arabidopsis.

Genes of the ICE (Inducer of CBF Expression) family play a key role in cold and freezing stresses response via the CBF regulatory pathway. In this work, we identified the ICE family gene, CmICE2, from Chrysanthemum morifolium 'Jinba'. CmICE2 encodes a 451-amino acid protein with a conserved nuclear localization domain, a bHLH domain and ACT domain.

Multiple Source Localization in a Shallow Water Waveguide Exploiting Subarray Beamforming and Deep Neural Networks.

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have been shown to be effective for single sound source localization in shallow water environments. However, multiple source localization is a more challenging task because of the interactions among multiple acoustic signals. This paper proposes a framework for multiple source localization on underwater horizontal arrays using deep neural networks.

[Estimation of forest vegetation carbon storage in Hunan Province, China based on k-NN method and domestic high-resolution data].

To promote the application of domestic high-resolution satellite data in large-scale carbon storage estimation and measurement, a total of 206 high-resolution remote sensing images covering Hunan Province were used as the data source, and the estimated minimum unit was fixed as a 0.06 hm square composed of multiple pixels. Through the establishment and purification of the interpretation marks, in the extraction of forest information, the pixel-based method and object-oriented classification method were used to compare.

The Heterologous Expression of a Chrysanthemum nankingense TCP Transcription Factor Blocks Cell Division in Yeast and Arabidopsis thaliana.

Both the presence of, and the important contribution to growth and development made by TCP transcription factors, have been established in various plant species. Here, a TCP4 homolog isolated from Chrysanthemum nankingense was shown to be more strongly transcribed in the diploid than in the autotetraploid form of the species. CnTCP4 was shown to encode a member of the class II TCP family and to be transcribed most strongly in the leaf and ligulate flowers.

Laser Synthesis of Iridium Nanospheres for Overall Water Splitting.

Engineering surface structure of catalysts is an efficient way towards high catalytic performance. Here, we report on the synthesis of regular iridium nanospheres (Ir NSs), with abundant atomic steps prepared by a laser ablation technique. Atomic steps, consisting of one-atom level covering the surface of such Ir NSs, were observed by aberration-corrected high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) The prepared Ir NSs exhibited remarkably enhanced activity both for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in acidic medium.

The Association between Resting Heart Rate and Urinary Albumin/Creatinine Ratio in Middle-Aged and Elderly Chinese Population: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Objective: In general population, resting heart rate (RHR) is associated with cardiovascular disease. However, its relation to chronic kidney disease (CKD) is debated. We therefore investigated the relationship between RHR and urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR, an indicator of early kidney injury) in general population at different levels of blood pressure and blood glucose.

An exaggerated epinephrine-adrenergic receptor signaling impairs uterine decidualization in mice.

Our understanding of the relationship between stress-derived epinephrine and early pregnancy failure remains incomplete. Here, we explored the effect of epinephrine exposure on early pregnancy and pseudopregnancy in mice. Increased expression of adrenergic receptors Adra1b, Adra2b and Adrb2 was observed during decidualization and post-implantation embryogenesis was delayed or survival impaired.

Circadian gene PER1 senses progesterone signal during human endometrial decidualization.

Progesterone is an important hormone for female reproduction; however, how the fluctuation of progesterone acts upon reproductive processes remains largely unknown. Mounting evidence indicates a pivotal role of the circadian clock in sensing hormone dynamics for homeostatic regulation of physiological functions. Therefore, we sought to determine whether clock genes respond to progesterone signaling in female reproductive system.

[Effect of long chain non-coding RNA H19 on the migration and invasion of oral cancer cells and its molecular mechanism].

Objective: To investigate the effect of the long chain non-coding RNA H19 (lncRNA H19) on the invasion and migration of oral cancer cells and its related molecular mechanism.

Methods: The expression levels of lncRNA H19, miR-107, and cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (CDK6) in the immortalized oral epithelial cell line HIOEC and the oral cancer cell line CAL27 were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. CAL27 cells were transfected with siRNA H19, miR-107 mimics, pcDNA H19, or anti-miR-107, and the effects of H19 and miR-107 on the invasion and migration of cells were examined via Transwell assay.

Evaluation of interfacial stability and strength of cermets based on work function.

A new method based on work function to analyze the interfacial stability and strength of ceramic-metal composites was proposed in this work. The interfacial work function gradient and interfacial elastic modulus were evaluated experimentally using WC-Co and TiC-Co as the examples. It found that a stable and strongly bonded interface had a gradually changing interfacial work function, while a weak interface exhibited a steep work function changing across the interface.

Incidence dynamics and investigation of key interventions in a dengue outbreak in Ningbo City, China.

Background: The reported incidence of dengue fever increased dramatically in recent years in China. This study aimed to investigate and to assess the effectiveness of intervention implemented in a dengue outbreak in Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province, China.

Methods: Data of a dengue outbreak were collected in Ningbo City in China by a field epidemiological survey according to a strict protocol and case definition.

Unique and independent role of the GABA subunit in embryo implantation and uterine decidualization in mice.

Embryo implantation and decidualization are crucial for successful pregnancy, which include multiple genes and signaling pathways, while the precise mechanism regarding embryo implantation and decidualization has yet to be explored. The GABA which activates GABA or GABA receptors has been found playing an important role in early pregnancy. Here we seek to investigate whether GABA receptors participate in embryo implantation in mice.

Resolving the Electroencephalographic Correlates of Rapid Goal-Directed Chunking in the Frontal-Parietal Network.

Previous studies have revealed a specific role of the prefrontal-parietal network in rapid goal-directed chunking (RGDC), which dissociates prefrontal activity related to chunking from parietal working memory demands. However, it remains unknown how the prefrontal and parietal cortices collaborate to accomplish RGDC. To this end, a novel experimental design was used that presented Chinese characters in a chunking task, testing eighteen undergraduate students (9 females, mean age = 22.

Deep-learning source localization using multi-frequency magnitude-only data.

A deep learning approach based on big data is proposed to locate broadband acoustic sources using a single hydrophone in ocean waveguides with uncertain bottom parameters. Several 50-layer residual neural networks, trained on a huge number of sound field replicas generated by an acoustic propagation model, are used to handle the bottom uncertainty in source localization. A two-step training strategy is presented to improve the training of the deep models.

Loureirin B suppresses RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis and ovariectomized osteoporosis via attenuating NFATc1 and ROS activities.

: Osteoporosis is a severe bone disorder that is a threat to our aging population. Excessive osteoclast formation and bone resorption lead to changes in trabecular bone volume and architecture, leaving the bones vulnerable to fracture. Therapeutic approaches of inhibiting osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption have been proven to be an efficient approach to prevent osteoporosis.

Epigenetic control of embryo-uterine crosstalk at peri-implantation.

Embryo implantation is one of the pivotal steps during mammalian pregnancy, since the quality of embryo implantation determines the outcome of ongoing pregnancy and fetal development. A large number of factors, including transcription factors, signalling transduction components, and lipids, have been shown to be indispensable for embryo implantation. Increasing evidence also suggests the important roles of epigenetic factors in this critical event.

Traditional Chinese medicine Dingkun Pill facilitates uterine receptivity for implantation in mice†.

Dingkun Pill (DK) is one of the representative traditional Chinese medicines, which has been used in the treatment of gynecological diseases for hundreds of years. Accumulative observations and evidence have shown the beneficial effects of DK, including enhancing the function of hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. However, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive.

Blastocyst activation engenders transcriptome reprogram affecting X-chromosome reactivation and inflammatory trigger of implantation.

Implantation of the blastocyst into the uterus is the gateway for further embryonic development in mammals. Programming of blastocyst to an implantation-competent state known as blastocyst activation is the determining factor for implantation into the receptive uterus. However, it remains largely unclear how the blastocyst is globally programmed for implantation.

Development and Qualification of a Scale-Down Mammalian Cell Culture Model and Application in Design Space Development by Definitive Screening Design.

Scale-down models are indispensable and crucial tools for process understanding and continuous process improvement in product life-cycle management. In this study, a scale-down model representing commercial-scale cell culture process of adalimumab biosimilar HS016 was first developed based on constant power per volume (P/V) principle and then qualified by multivariate data analysis (MVDA) and equivalence test method. The trajectories of the bench-scale process lie in the middle of the control range of large-scale process, built by multivariate evolution model based on nutrients, metabolites, and process performance datasets.

Protective effects of Ganoderma lucidum triterpenoids on oxidative stress and apoptosis in the spleen of chickens induced by cadmium.

Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal that poses a huge potential threat to human and animal health. Therefore, it is necessary to study its damage mechanism. In the present study, we have examined the protective effects of Ganoderma lucidum triterpenoids on oxidative stress and apoptosis in the spleen of chickens induced by Cd.

The role of tyrosine phosphatase Shp2 in spermatogonial differentiation and spermatocyte meiosis.

The transition from spermatogonia to spermatocytes and the initiation of meiosis are key steps in spermatogenesis and are precisely regulated by a plethora of proteins. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains largely unknown. Here, we report that Src homology domain tyrosine phosphatase 2 (Shp2; encoded by the protein tyrosine phosphatase, nonreceptor type 11 [Ptpn11] gene) is abundant in spermatogonia but markedly decreases in meiotic spermatocytes.

Insight into the roles of tyrosine on rCHO cell performance in fed-batch cultures.

Tyrosine (Tyr), as one of the least soluble amino acids, is essential to monoclonal antibody (mAb) production in recombinant Chinese hamster ovary (rCHO) cell cultures since its roles on maintaining the specific productivity (q) and avoiding Tyr sequence variants. To understand the effects of Tyr on cell performance and its underlying mechanisms, rCHO cell-producing mAbs were cultivated at various cumulative Tyr addition concentrations (0.6 to 5.

Spatiotemporal coordination of trophoblast and allantoic Rbpj signaling directs normal placental morphogenesis.

The placenta, responsible for the nutrient and gas exchange between the mother and fetus, is pivotal for successful pregnancy. It has been shown that Rbpj, the core transcriptional mediator of Notch signaling pathway, is required for normal placentation in mice. However, it remains largely unclear how Rbpj signaling in different placental compartments coordinates with other important regulators to ensure normal placental morphogenesis.

Uncommon Peptide Bond Cleavage of Glucagon from a Specific Vendor under near Neutral to Basic Conditions.

Purpose: The main purposes of this manuscript are to report a surprising and interesting degradation reaction of glucagon from a specific vendor in which glucagon underwent cleavage among several peptide bonds quickly under near neutral to basic conditions, and to propose the root cause of mechanism for the degradation reaction.

Methods: The degradation reaction was monitored by HPLC and the fragment structures were confirmed by LC-MS. Possible impurities responsible for the degradation were either confirmed or excluded by a variety of techniques such as addition of chelator EDTA and transitional metal ions or separation by ultrafiltration.