Organic materials input promotes the soil aggregate sequestration through changing soil aggregates structure and stability.

The strategic application of organic amendments presents a transformative approach for enhancing agroecosystem sustainability by modulating soil hydrostructural dynamics and carbon sequestration. However, changes in soil moisture, nutrients, aggregate stability, and SOC sequestration under different organic materials type input in farmland of arid northwest China remain uncertain. In this study, an experiment with five treatments (CK: control, LB: smashed leaves and branches, CS: smashed corn stalks, HV: green fertilizer, MS: waste mushroom bran) input applied into the soil.

IR808-ATIPA: A Dual-Function Agent for Enhanced Computed Tomography Imaging and Radiotherapy Sensitization in Cervical Cancer Treatment.

Radiotherapy is pivotal in localized cancer treatment, yet balancing therapeutic efficacy with collateral tissue damage remains challenging. Conventional iodinated contrast agents, limited by rapid metabolism and short imaging windows, hinder precise radiotherapy planning. We developed IR808-ATIPA, a tumor microenvironment-responsive iodine-based compound integrating computed tomography (CT) imaging and radiosensitization.

Functionalized Trichinella spiralis anti-tumor protein with polydopamine for hepatocellular carcinoma phototherapy and immunotherapy.

As a novel anti-tumor protein recently identified from Trichinella spiralis (T. spiralis) via cDNA display library screening, T. spiralis anti-tumor protein (TspATP) exhibits remarkable potential for inducing immunogenic cell death (ICD).

Simvastatin Administration Prohibits Anti-ROS Adaptation and Alleviates Bone Infections.

Bone infections in diabetic patients often result in devastating outcomes, highlighting the need for effective treatment strategies. Our study aims to explore how adapts to the diabetic microenvironment. This study found increased bacterial resistance to reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a higher expression of the crtOPQMN operon among strains isolated from diabetic patients.

Inhibition of neuronal necroptosis via disruption of RIPK1-RIPK3 Interactions: The role of neural stem cell-derived exosomes in spinal cord injury recovery.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) poses a significant economic and public health burden. Exosomes derived from neural stem cells (NSC-Exos) are emerging as a promising therapeutic strategy for SCI repair, overcoming several limitations associated with both autologous and allogeneic neural stem cell therapies. This study demonstrates that NSC-Exos are efficiently internalized by the injured spinal cord after co-injection, resulting in substantial motor function recovery in murine models.

Irinotecan and dexamethasone prodrug co-loaded liposomes for the treatment of breast cancer.

Cancer is a major global health challenge, which has a serious impact on human health and life. While Irinotecan (IRI) has been demonstrated to treat various cancers with remarkable efficacy, addressing its associated side effects remains a critical concern in clinical. Chemotherapy drugs are often used in combination with dexamethasone (DEX) in clinical practice to reduce their side effects.

Beyond the Alpha: Extra-Pair Paternities and Male Reproductive Success in a Primate Multilevel Society.

In social mammals, dominance status and tenure length are often important determinants of male reproductive success. Nevertheless, alternative strategies, such as extra-pair mating, and the active role of females in securing reproductive benefits can substantially modify patterns of paternity. To date, many studies have had short observation periods and small sample sizes, constraining understanding of how male social status, tenure length, and female mating strategies jointly affect male long-term reproductive success, especially in species with complex social systems.

Design and Synthesis of Novel sEH Inhibitors for the Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

The treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) may rely on the comprehensive regulation of immune inflammatory factors to reach a favorable therapeutic effect. In the current study, we discovered a series of sEH inhibitors containing a squaryl sulfonamide scaffold that potently inhibited the primary proinflammatory signaling pathways of NF-κB. Especially, lead compounds and showed potent inhibitory activities against sEH ( and ; hsEH IC = 0.

Efficacy analysis of arthroscopic reduction combined with orthopedic robot-guided screw placement for Hawkins type II fractures of the talus neck.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of arthroscopic reduction combined with robot-guided screw placement on Hawkins type II fractures of the talus neck.

Methods: Clinical data from 42 patients with talus neck Hawkins type II fracture treated in the institution from November 2019 to January 2021 were selected. According to the blind envelope method, 21 patients were enrolled in the study group, and 21 patients were enrolled in the control group.

South Korea is the center for the origin and emanation of soybean mosaic virus with Bayesian phylogeographic inference.

Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) is one of the most serious viral pathogens, causing reductions in soybean yield worldwide. Using more than 350 time-stamped SMV coat protein encoding gene sequences from more than a dozen countries and regions in Central Asia, East Asia, North America, South America, and Western Europe, we investigated the phylodynamics of SMV to understand the origin and dispersal of the virus via Bayesian phylogeographic inference. Our analysis revealed that the most recent common SMV ancestor occurred in approximately 1511 (95% credibility interval, 1075-1848) Common Era, and the evolutionary rate of the coat protein gene was 3.

The Concept of Pressure-Induced Conduction Band Mismatch in Soft-Hard Semiconductors for Self-Powered Phototronic Pressure Sensing.

Self-powered pressure sensors are essential devices for health care monitoring, human-machine interface, and robotics in this era of the Internet of Things. Self-powered phototronic mechanical sensors typically utilize piezoelectric materials, such as ZnO, wherein stress-induced charges alter the energy barrier height at the interface of two contacting materials. However, relying solely on piezoelectric materials could restrict the further development of high-sensitivity sensors due to the screening effect, which requires exploration of sensing mechanisms beyond those materials.

Salicylic acid-induced stomatal closure differs in vascular plants of various lineages.

Salicylic acid (SA)-triggering stomatal closure to prevent pathogen invasion has been widely recognized in angiosperms. However, whether SA-induced stomal closure differs across vascular plants of various lineages remains unclear. In this study, the stomatal responses of 28 species, including 13 angiosperms, 6 gymnosperms, 8 ferns, and 1 lycophyte, to exogenous SA were evaluated, and the stomatal closure signaling pathways of 6 representative species were subsequently examined.

Transcriptome Screening of Hormone-Regulated Genes Related to Fruit Development in Mill. cv. Goutou Fruits at Different Ripening Stages.

Mill. cv. Goutou is an edible and medicinal fruit whose development significantly impacts the metabolism and accumulation of nutrients and is regulated by plant hormones.

Engineering Flow-Through Hollow Fiber Gas-Diffusion Electrodes for Unlocking High-Rate Gas-Phase Electrochemical Conversion.

Designing advanced electrodes with efficient contact with gas, electrolytes, and catalysts presents significant opportunities to enhance the accessibility of concentrated gas molecules to the catalytic sites while mitigating undesirable side reactions such as the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), which advances the gas-phase electrochemical reduction toward industrial-scale applications. Traditional planar electrodes face challenges, including limited gas solubility and restricted mass transport. Although commercial flow-by gas-diffusion electrodes can reduce mass transfer resistance by enabling direct diffusion of gas molecules to active sites, the reliance on diffusive gas flow becomes insufficient to meet the rapid consumption demands of gas reactants at high current density.

Electronic Chip Package and Co-Packaged Optics (CPO) Technology for Modern AI Era: A Review.

With the growing demand for high-performance computing (HPC), artificial intelligence (AI), and data communication and storage, new chip technologies have emerged, following Moore's Law, over the past few decades. As we enter the post-Moore era, transistor dimensions are approaching their physical limits. Advanced packaging technologies, such as 3D chiplets hetero-integration and co-packaged optics (CPO), have become crucial for further improving system performance.

Interactive effects of planting patterns combined with integrated nutrient management on maize production, water-nitrogen productivity and soil organic carbon fractions.

Background: Ridge and furrow rain-harvesting planting system and integrated nutrient management are crucial strategies for enhancing soil moisture and fertility in drylands. However, the synergistic impact of these approaches on soil hydrothermal environment, maize productivity, water-nitrogen productivity and soil carbon fractions has not been fully understood. A two-year field experiment were conducted in 2020 and 2021 was undertaken in Loess Plateau of China.

Pathophysiological changes in incentive processing in episodic migraine: a preliminary event-related potential study.

This study examined pathophysiological changes in incentive processing in migraineurs. Nineteen episodic migraine (EM) patients and 19 healthy controls (HCs) performed a monetary incentive delay task while their event-related potentials were recorded. During the incentive anticipation phase, both Cue-N2 and Cue-P3 amplitudes were responsive to incentive cues in both groups, indicating no between-group differences in the distinct anticipatory subprocesses that underly incentive cue evaluation.

Mediation of crop heavy metal uptake by root exudates in an intercropping system of heavy metal contaminated soils.

Background: Intercropping emerged as an agricultural technique exhibiting remarkable potential and benefits in promoting safe crop cultivation in heavy metal contaminated soils. In the present study, we set up five treatments of maize monoculture, soybean monoculture, Sedum Alfredii monoculture, maize/Sedum Alfredii and soybean/Sedum Alfredii intercropping and revealed the mechanism of intercropping on the yield of maize and soybean, as well as on the uptake of manganese (Mn), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb), from the perspective of root exudates by a randomized block test in the field.

Results: The results showed that intercropped maize yield increased by 16.

Multi-tissue metabolomics analysis reveals susceptible factors for chemotherapy-induced hepatotoxicity in colorectal cancer patients.

Amis: Chemotherapy-induced hepatotoxicity (CIH) is a significant concern in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients treated with the CAPEOX (capecitabine and oxaliplatin) regimen. Identifying predictive factors for CIH is crucial for clinical management.

Patients And Methods: This study analyzed colorectal tissue (CRT), plasma, and urine samples from CRC patients.

OAB-14 Attenuated Glymphatic System Disorder, Neuroinflammation and Dyskinesia in Parkinson's Disease Model Mice Induced by Rotenone.

Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the pathological accumulation of alpha-synuclein (α-syn) in the neuronal cell bodies of the substantia nigra. The glymphatic system within the Central Nervous System (CNS) is responsible for clearing metabolic waste and abnormal proteins and its dysfunction may significantly contribute to the pathogenesis of PD. Our previous study showed that OAB-14, the novel small molecular compound, showed a great potential effect in APP/PS1 transgenic mice.

In Situ Growth of Hierarchical Silver Sub-Nanosheets on Zinc Nanosheets-Based Hollow Fiber Gas-Diffusion Electrodes for Electrochemical CO Reduction to CO.

Electrochemical reduction of CO (CORR) is an effective strategy to mitigate carbon emission effects and store renewable electricity in value-added feedstocks, but it still suffers low production rate and current density. A nanostructured catalyst offers opportunities to enhance CORR activity by contributing numerous active sites and promoting charge transfer. Herein, a Cu hollow fiber gas diffusion electrode (HFGDE) with silver sub-nanosheets on a zinc nanosheet structure to produce CO is reported.

ACVRL1 variation-induced hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia presenting with pulmonary arterial hypertension: clinical and genetic analyses of three case studies.

Background: Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is a hereditary vascular disease, and the ACVRL1 gene plays an important role in this disease, especially when associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). In this study, we reported the clinical and genetic characteristics of 3 cases of HHT associated PAH caused by novel ACVRL1 mutations.

Method: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical and genetic data of patients diagnosed with HHT and PAH at Shanxi Cardiovascular Hospital Affiliated Shanxi Medical University from January 2023 to June 2024.

Structure-Based Design and Optimization Lead to the Identification of a Novel Potent sEH Inhibitor with PPARγ Partial Agonist Activity against Inflammatory and Metabolic-Related Diseases.

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) serves as a pivotal regulator of lipid balance, adipogenesis, and inflammatory processes. PPARγ full agonists display strong curative effects but also serious adverse effects. Here, we found a novel 4-(cyclohexyloxy)phenyl acetate scaffold with partial PPARγ agonist activity, and its structure-activity relationship was studied.

Determining composition and distribution of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in mouse ventral tegmental area brain region with single-cell sequencing approach.

Introduction: Nicotine affects on the central and peripheral neuron systems by interacting with nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). However, the distribution and composition of these nAChR subunits at single-cell level within ventral tegmental area (VTA) remain unclear.

Methods: Single-cell nuclear suspension was prepared and sequenced from the VTA of nicotine-treated and saline-control C57BL/6 mice.