Biomass and valve length of diatoms living on tree bark as novel indicators of atmospheric environment changes.

Diatoms, an important group of primary producers, are valuable indicators of environment changes in aquatic ecosystems. Presently, limited knowledge is available on diatoms living on tree bark and their responses to atmospheric environmental changes. Mosses such as Hypnum callichroum living on the bark of Cinnamomum camphora were collected monthly in a 9-year period to explore temporal changes in composition, biomass and valve length of diatoms in a subtropical evergreen broadleaf forest.

Precise Identification of Gastric Cancer Pathological Differentiation Based on Hyperspectral Imaging and Lightweight Deep Learning Models.

Accurate classification of gastric cancer differentiation is crucial for prognosis and treatment decisions. In this study, we propose a lightweight deep learning model-Improved Deep Residual Network (IDRN)-combined with hyperspectral imaging (HSI) to achieve precise identification of gastric cancer tissues. The model incorporates spectral preprocessing, dimensionality reduction, and a residual CNN with attention mechanisms to enhance feature extraction while maintaining efficiency.

Functionalized Trichinella spiralis anti-tumor protein with polydopamine for hepatocellular carcinoma phototherapy and immunotherapy.

As a novel anti-tumor protein recently identified from Trichinella spiralis (T. spiralis) via cDNA display library screening, T. spiralis anti-tumor protein (TspATP) exhibits remarkable potential for inducing immunogenic cell death (ICD).

Amygdalin and magnesium ions exert synergistic effects on cartilage regeneration by inhibiting chondrocyte ferroptosis via the IL-17/GPX4 axis.

Background/objective: Cartilage defects (CDs) present a significant challenge in orthopaedic medicine. Owing to the inherently limited regenerative capacity of cartilaginous tissue, defects usually do not heal via natural repair processes. Consequently, damaged tissue is replaced by fibrocartilage-like tissues instead of the original hyaline cartilage.

Targeting mitophagy in diabetic retinopathy: novel insights into SQSTM1/BNIP3L pathway regulated by luteolin.

Objective: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading microvascular complication of diabetes. Luteolin, a flavonoid with known anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, has demonstrated therapeutic potential in early investigations for the treatment of DR. However, its precise molecular mechanisms remain inadequately defined.

Lipid metabolism of and its main components with hypoglycemic effects.

Background: Probiotic is used to treat diabetes, but its specific hypoglycemic substances and mechanisms remain unclear.

Aim: To investigate the components for lipid metabolism of and its hypoglycemic effects, providing a basis for its broader application.

Methods: The lipid metabolism of under different growth conditions was analyzed using lipidomics.

Efficacy of elongated needles for motor and balance function after a stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: This systematic review aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of elongated needle therapy in improving motor and balance functions after stroke, to inform its clinical adoption in rehabilitation.

Methods And Analysis: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Medicine, CNKI, CBM, Wanfang, and VIP from inception to May 1, 2024, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing elongated needles for post-stroke limb movement and balance dysfunction. Primary outcomes were balance and motor ability; secondary outcomes included Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and adverse events.

A study on the effectiveness and safety of interventional embolization using drug-loaded microspheres in combination with sorafenib and envafolimab for intermediate and advanced renal cell carcinoma.

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness and safety of drug-loaded microsphere interventional embolization (D-TAE) in conjunction with sorafenib and envafolimab in the management of intermediate and advanced renal carcinoma.

Methods: 120 cases of intermediate and advanced renal cell carcinoma cured in the Oncology Department of our hospital from January 2022 to December 2023 were selected. Individuals in the combination group received D-TAE paired with sorafenib and envafolimab.

Assessment of Suitable Habitats and Identification of Key Protection Areas for in Jianfengling, Hainan Province, China.

is a rare and endangered species endemic to Hainan, China. It has long been regarded as a subspecies of the widely distributed Grey Peacock-Pheasant (), a classification that has resulted in a paucity of targeted conservation studies and rendered efforts to protect and restore its populations and habitats exceedingly challenging. In this study, the Jianfengling section of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park was designated as the research area.

Role of Minor Ta Substitution on Thermal Behavior and Soft Magnetic Properties of Co-Fe-Mo-Si-B Metallic Glass Ribbon.

Cobalt-based metallic glasses have sparked intensive attention because of their extraordinary properties. In this work, a series of CoFeMoTaSiB ( = 0, 0.5, 1.

Digital Staining with Knowledge Distillation: A Unified Framework for Unpaired and Paired-But-Misaligned Data.

Staining is essential in cell imaging and medical diagnostics but poses significant challenges, including high cost, time consumption, labor intensity, and irreversible tissue alterations. Recent advances in deep learning have enabled digital staining through supervised model training. However, collecting large-scale, perfectly aligned pairs of stained and unstained images remains difficult.

Population genomics of sika deer reveals recent speciation and genetic selective signatures during evolution and domestication.

Background: Population genomic analysis can reconstruct the phylogenetic relationship and demographic history, and identify genomic selective signatures of a species. To date, fundamental aspects of population genomic analyses, such as intraspecies taxonomy, evolutionary history, and adaptive evolution, of sika deer have not been systematically investigated. Furthermore, accumulating lines of evidences have illustrated that incorrect species delimitation will mislead conservation decisions, and even lead to irreversible mistakes in threatened species.

Gamma knife radiosurgery for a rare Rosette-forming glioneuronal tumor in the brainstem region: A case report and literature review.

Rationale: Rosette-forming glioneuronal tumor (RGNT) is a rare primary nervous system tumor, with limited treatment guidelines due to its rarity, especially in the brainstem. This report presents a unique case of brainstem RGNT treated with gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS).

Patient Concerns: A 35-year-old woman sought medical attention after sudden syncope and rapid decline in consciousness.

Unraveling the role of neuregulin-mediated astrocytes-OPCs axis in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration and Parkinson's disease.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are prevalent and debilitating conditions that lead to irreversible blindness and dyskinesia, respectively. Emerging evidences imply that retinal abnormalities may serve as early indicators for monitoring PD. This study endeavors to explore the complex interactions and focus on their shared molecular and pathological mechanisms.

Exploring the hepatic-ophthalmic axis through immune modulation and cellular dynamics in diabetic retinopathy and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Background: Dysfunctions within the liver system are intricately linked to the progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study leverages systematic analysis to elucidate the complex cross-talk and communication pathways among diverse cell populations implicated in the pathogenesis of DR and NAFLD.

Methods: Single-cell RNA sequencing data for proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and NAFLD were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database.

Habitat Suitability Assessment of Key Wildlife in Hainan Tropical Rainforest Based on ESDM.

Hainan tropical rainforest is the largest contiguous tropical rainforest in China, but it has experienced increasing disturbances from anthropogenic activities in recent decades due to economic and social development. However, the current status of wildlife habitats within the rainforest remains insufficiently studied, lacking systematic and scientific assessments necessary to guide effective biodiversity conservation strategies. This study focuses on Jianfengling area of Hainan tropical rainforest, using wildlife infrared camera monitoring data and habitat environmental factor data collected through multi-source monitoring in 2020-2021.

Generation of tunable longitudinal superchirality by a vector-light metalens.

The high sensitivity detection of chirality is of great importance in fields of physics, biology, and life sciences. Emerging strategies attempt to generate the superchiral fields with metasurfaces to maximize the chiral light-matter interaction. Although these studies have mostly considered the transverse superchirality, the longitudinal optical chirality also plays a very important role in chiral interactions.

Piezoelectric hydrogel with self-powered biomechanical stimulation enhances bone regeneration.

Large bone defect healing remains a challenge in current clinical treatment, which suggests the need for functional bone repair materials. Piezoelectric materials can generate electrical stimulation under mechanical stress to improve the tissue healing environment, which are emerging candidates for tissue engineering. We created a self-powered piezoelectric hydrogel by simply blending the zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles and regenerating silk fibroin (RSF).

MyD88 inhibitor TJ-M2010-5 alleviates spleen impairment and inflammation by inhibiting the PI3K/miR-136-5p/AKT3 pathway in the early infection of Trichinella spiralis.

Trichinella spiralis (T. spiralis) has been reported to induce inflammation, which can cause immune system dysregulation. Myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88) is implicated in inflammation signalling pathways.

Structure and oxygen saturation recovery of sparse photoacoustic microscopy images by deep learning.

Photoacoustic microscopy (PAM) leverages the photoacoustic effect to provide high-resolution structural and functional imaging. However, achieving high-speed imaging with high spatial resolution remains challenging. To address this, undersampling and deep learning have emerged as common techniques to enhance imaging speed.

Proton Beam Therapy for a Rare Anaplastic Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma: Case Report and Literature Review.

Anaplastic pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA) is a rare, aggressive WHO grade III tumor that primarily affects children and young adults. Despite surgery being the primary treatment, achieving complete tumor removal is often difficult due to its infiltrative nature, necessitating additional therapies like proton beam therapy (PBT). PBT, known for its precision in targeting tumors while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissue, has shown promise in treating malignant gliomas.

Apolipoprotein A-IV and its derived peptide, T55-121, improve glycemic control and increase energy expenditure.

It is crucial to understand the glucose control within our bodies. Bariatric/metabolic surgeries, including laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), provide an avenue for exploring the potential key factors involved in maintaining glucose homeostasis since these surgeries have shown promising results in improving glycemic control among patients with severe type 2 diabetes (T2D). For the first time, a markedly altered population of serum proteins in patients after LSG was discovered and analyzed through proteomics.

Gut microbiome dysbiosis is not associated with portal vein thrombosis in patients with end-stage liver disease: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a common complication in patients with end-stage liver disease (ESLD). The portal vein in patients with ESLD is proposedly an inflammatory vascular bed due to translocation of endotoxins and cytokines from the gut. We hypothesized that a proinflammatory gut microbiome and elevated trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a driver of thrombosis, may contribute to PVT development.

Trends in Heavy Metal Pollution in Agricultural Land Soils of Tropical Islands in China (2000-2024): A Case Study on Hainan Island.

Heavy metal contamination in agricultural soils has garnered increasing attention, yet research on the spatiotemporal trends of heavy metal pollution in tropical regions with multiple annual crop harvests remains limited. This study examines data from 41 studies published between 2000 and 2024, including 206 records from 4122 sampling points on Hainan Island in China, to investigate the spatial distribution and temporal trends of heavy metal pollution. The results reveal that the average concentrations of Cd, Pb, As, Cr, and Hg in surface soil samples from agricultural lands on Hainan Island are 0.