Broadband imaging spectrometer based on conical diffraction for extreme ultraviolet source.

We demonstrate what we believe to be a novel design of an imaging spectrometer tailored for extreme ultraviolet (EUV) sources, employing uniformly spaced planar gratings. For what appears to be the first time, our approach adopts a grating-toroid-grating configuration for spectral measurements femtosecond high-harmonic EUV lasers. This spectrometer performs superior in point-to-point imaging modes and the resulting experimental setup is very simple.

200 W 1 mJ picosecond laser amplification in a Yb:YAG disk and single-crystal fiber cascade amplifier.

A hundred-watt millijoule-level disk and single-crystal fiber cascade amplifier were demonstrated. We innovatively adopted a disk regeneration amplifier as the front end of the single-crystal fiber amplifier. After single-pass amplification by the single-crystal fiber amplifier, a hundred-watt millijoule picosecond laser output is obtained with an average power of 210.

Improving high temperature resilience of fiber sensor embedded smart components through laser shock peening.

This study explores the use of laser shock peening (LSP) to enhance material properties and high-temperature performance of fiber-sensor-fused smart parts fabricated by additive manufacturing (AM) methods. Using embedded fiber sensors as distributed strain gauges, the study demonstrates that LSP can induce compressive strains of up to 130 µε on fiber embedded 1-mm below metal surfaces. The electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis shows that, with optimized LSP parameters, the metallic matrix undergoes substantial microstructural refinement, resulting in denser structures.

Up-regulated succinylation modifications induce a senescence phenotype in microglia by altering mitochondrial energy metabolism.

The aging of the central nervous system(CNS) is a primary contributor to neurodegenerative diseases in older individuals and significantly impacts their quality of life. Neuroinflammation, characterized by activation of microglia(MG) and release of cytokines, is closely associated with the onset of these neurodegenerative diseases. The activated status of MG is modulated by specifically programmed metabolic changes under various conditions.

All-Optical Photoacoustic Spectroscopy-Based Dual-Component Greenhouse Gas Analyzer.

To achieve high sensitivity detection of dual-component greenhouse gases carbon dioxide and methane simultaneously, a multimechanism synergistic enhanced all-optical photoacoustic spectroscopy gas analyzer is presented. The acoustic resonance of the photoacoustic cell and the mechanical resonance of a fiber-optic cantilever acoustic sensor are used to enhance the photoacoustic signals of the dual-component gas. The optimized multipass beam reflection structure enhances the effective excitation power of the dual-component gas.

High-Precision Photoacoustic Nitrogen Dioxide Gas Analyzer for Fast Dynamic Measurement.

A high-precision photoacoustic (PA) gas analyzer for fast dynamic measurement of ambient nitrogen dioxide (NO) was developed. The PA analyzer used a differential PA cell combined with two mufflers to achieve rapid gas flow gas detection. A high-power laser diode (LD) with a center wavelength of 450 nm was used as the PA signal excitation source.

Efficacy of coenzyme Q10 supplementation for male infertility with high sperm DNA fragmentation index: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Infertility is a focal issue in public health and affects human reproduction and survival. Notably, an increasing number of studies in recent decades have found that sperm DNA integrity plays a critical role in the development of healthy embryos. Among the multiple pathogenic factors of sperm DNA fragmentation, oxidative stress has proven to be predominant.

The effect of acupuncture on oxidative stress: A systematic review and meta-analysis of animal models.

Introduction: Oxidative stress is involved in the occurrence and development of multiple diseases. Acupuncture shows an excellent clinical efficacy in practical application but its mechanism remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis was aimed at assessing the effect of acupuncture on oxidative stress in animal models.

Weighted Gene Coexpression Network Analysis Reveals Essential Genes and Pathways in Bipolar Disorder.

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a major and highly heritable mental illness with severe psychosocial impairment, but its etiology and pathogenesis remains unclear. This study aimed to identify the essential pathways and genes involved in BD using weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA), a bioinformatic method studying the relationships between genes and phenotypes. Using two available BD gene expression datasets (GSE5388, GSE5389), we constructed a gene coexpression network and identified modules related to BD.

Recent improvements in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays based on nanomaterials.

As a gold standard technique, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) organically combines immunoreactions between antigens and antibodies with enzyme catalysis. The use of ELISA has contributed to advances in applications such as clinical diagnosis, food quality control, and environmental monitoring. However, conventional ELISA suffer from the moderate sensitivity and reliance on enzyme activity, which make it impossible to reliably and inexpensively detect trace targets.

Identification of Key Genes and the Pathophysiology Associated With Major Depressive Disorder Patients Based on Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis.

At present, laboratory blood tests to support major depressive disorder (MDD) diagnosis are not available. This study aimed to screen potential mRNAs for peripheral blood biomarkers and novel pathophysiology of MDD. The present study utilized public data from two mRNA microarray datasets to analyze the hub genes changes related to MDD.

Antioxidation Effect of Simvastatin in Aorta and Hippocampus: A Rabbit Model Fed High-Cholesterol Diet.

We show that hypercholesterolemia contributes to oxidative stress injury progression in brain and simvastatin counteracts the cholesterol-induced peroxidation injury in rabbit hippocampus, and we demonstrate for the first time that the simvastatin is a critical role in brain protection and identify HO-1 and other related antioxidant enzymes as molecular target for active redox compounds. Second, our experiments have pointed out an association between statin treatment and a decrease in the risk of having peroxidation damage of brain. The balance effects of simvastatin to ROS and antioxidants enzymes network are most probably due to improved SOD functional activity, increase in GSH-Px, increase in HO-1 expression, and decrease of MDA generation.

The immunologic injury composite with balloon injury leads to dyslipidemia: a robust rabbit model of human atherosclerosis and vulnerable plaque.

Atherosclerosis is a condition in which a lipid deposition, thrombus formation, immune cell infiltration, and a chronic inflammatory response, but its systemic study has been hampered by the lack of suitable animal models, especially in herbalism fields. We have tried to perform a perfect animal model that completely replicates the stages of human atherosclerosis. This is the first combined study about the immunologic injury and balloon injury based on the cholesterol diet.

[The indication of bone scan for patients with newly diagnosed prostate cancer].

Objective: To investigate the indication of bone scan for patients with newly diagnosed prostate cancer.

Methods: The clinical data of continual 95 patients with newly diagnosed prostate cancer was involved between January 2006 and December 2010. The relationship between age, PSA, Gleason scores, clinical stage and positive bone scans was respectively compared.