Causal Effect of Plasma Fatty Acid Profiles on Psoriasis Risk: Genetic Evidence from a Mendelian Randomization Study.

Introduction: Emerging evidence indicates that omega-3 fatty acids from fish oil may serve as beneficial dietary supplements for psoriasis management. Clinical observations demonstrate a significant association between psoriasis improvement and increased docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) levels. However, the causal relationship between fatty acids and psoriasis risk requires further investigation.

Ivonescimab versus pembrolizumab for PD-L1-positive non-small cell lung cancer (HARMONi-2): a randomised, double-blind, phase 3 study in China.

Background: Ivonescimab is a bispecific antibody against programmed cell death protein 1 and vascular endothelial growth factor, yielding promising clinical outcomes for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer in early-phase studies. We compared the efficacy and safety of ivonescimab with pembrolizumab in patients with programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1)-positive advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Methods: HARMONi-2 is a randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial across 55 hospitals in China.

Age-period-cohort analysis and prediction of tuberculosis trends in China-based on the Global Burden of Disease 2021 data.

Background: This study explores the epidemic trend of tuberculosis (TB) in China from 1990 to 2021, analyzes its relationship with age-period-cohort factors from 1992 to 2021, and predicts the development trend of TB in China from 2022 to 2046.

Methods: Annual Percent Change (APC), Average Annual Percent Change (AAPC) and 95% confidence interval () were calculated by Joinpoint regression model to describe the epidemic trend of TB in China. The Age-Period-Cohort (APC) model was used to explore the effects of age, period and cohort effects on the trend of TB incidence rate, mortality and DALYs rate.

CDCA3-MYC positive feedback loop promotes bladder cancer progression via ENO1-mediated glycolysis.

Background: Bladder cancer (BLCA) ranks among the most prevalent malignancies of the urinary system, with its clinical diagnosis predominantly reliant on invasive procedures. Traditional chemotherapy regimens exhibit significant limitations, underscoring the urgency of identifying novel diagnostic biomarkers and strategies to enhance chemotherapy efficacy. CDCA3 has been recognized as a facilitator of BLCA progression, activated by MYBL2.

First-line cadonilimab plus chemotherapy in HER2-negative advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: a randomized, double-blind, phase 3 trial.

Programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitors plus chemotherapy have been the standard of care in the first-line treatment of advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction (G/GEJ) adenocarcinoma; however, the survival benefits are modest in patients with low programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression. Here we investigated the efficacy and safety of cadonilimab (PD-1/cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) bispecific antibody) plus chemotherapy as first-line treatment in G/GEJ adenocarcinoma. The prespecified interim analysis is reported here.

The SUMO (Singly Unoccupied Molecular Orbital)-LUMO (Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital) Inversion Radicals.

Herein, SUMO-LUMO inversion (SLI) radicals - were designed by the combination of the tris(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)methyl (TTM) radical and pyridinium derivatives (electron-withdrawing groups) for the first time. The energy of the LUMO lies below that of the SUMO, which deviated from the Aufbau principle as an alternative electronic configuration beyond the well-established SOMO-HOMO inversed system. Thus, for SLI radicals, the injection of one extra electron preferred to occupy the LUMO rather than the SUMO, giving diradicals, one of which had been fully confirmed by single crystal analysis, VT-NMR and VT-EPR experiments, as well as DFT calculations.

Maternal high fat diet exposure modifies amniotic fluid metabolites and expands group 3 innate lymphoid cells dependent on the maternal microbiome and MyD88-signaling.

Background: Maternal high fat diet (mHFD) exposure expands IL-17 producing group 3 innate lymphoid cells (IL17 ILC3) in the small intestine of neonatal murine offspring and increases their susceptibility to intestinal inflammation. How mHFD modulates innate immunity in the fetal offspring remains unclear.

Methods: Dams were exposed to 60% high fat diet or maintained on regular diet (RD) prior to and during mating.

Establishment of a Raman microsphere-based immunochromatographic method for the combined detection of influenza A and B viruses and SARS-CoV-2 antigen on a single T-line.

A simple and rapid method based on Raman microsphere immunochromatography was developed in this study for the simultaneous detection of influenza A and B viruses and SARS-CoV-2 on a single test T-line. Three types of Raman microspheres with different Raman characteristics were used as the signal sources and were labelled with monoclonal antibodies against FluA, FluB and SARS-CoV-2, respectively. A mixture of antibodies containing anti-FluA monoclonal antibody, anti-FluB monoclonal antibody and anti-SARS-CoV-2 was sprayed on the detection line (T), and goat polyclonal antibody to chicken (IgY) encapsulated on the quality control line (C), for qualitative detection of these three viruses by the double antibody sandwich method.

Effects of three-dimensional quality assessment nursing intervention on efficacy and disease management of patients undergoing esophageal cancer surgery.

Background: Esophageal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors. The three-dimensional quality structure model is a quality assessment theory that includes three dimensions: Structure, process, and results.

Aim: To investigate the effects of nursing interventions with three-dimensional quality assessment on the efficacy and disease management ability of patients undergoing esophageal cancer surgery.

Efficient Photoelectrocatalytic Reduction of CO to Selectively Produce Ethanol Using FeS/TiO p-n Heterojunction Photoelectrodes.

Herein, the FeS/TiO p-n heterojunction was first utilized as a photoelectrode for the PEC reduction of CO to selectively produce ethanol. The FeS/TiO photoelectrode was fabricated through electrochemical anodization, electrodeposition, and vulcanization methods. The impact of the FeS loading amount and applied bias on the PEC performance was investigated.

Ebronucimab in Chinese patients with hypercholesterolemia---A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled phase 3 trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ebronucimab.

Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of PCSK9 monoclonal antibody(mAb) specifically for Chinese patients have been limited. This multi-center RCT is to clarify the efficacy and safety of a novel mAb, Ebronucimab, in Chinese patients. Patients diagnosed with primary hypercholesterolemia, including Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia, or mixed dyslipidemia, were categorized by ASCVD risk and randomly assigned at a ratio of 2:1:2:1 to receive Ebronucimab 450 mg or matching placebo every 4 weeks (Q4W), or Ebronucimab 150 mg or matching placebo every 2 weeks (Q2W).

Antioxidants had No Effects on the In-Vitro Permeability of BCS III Model Drug Substances.

Reformulation with addition of antioxidants is one potential mitigation strategy to prevent or reduce nitrosamine drug substance-related impurities (NDSRIs) in drug products. To explore whether there could be other approaches to demonstrate bioequivalence for a reformulated oral product, which typically needs in vivo bioequivalence studies to support the changes after approval, the effects of antioxidant on the in vitro permeability of BCS III model drug substances were investigated to see whether there could be any potential impact on drug absorption. Six antioxidants were screened and four (ascorbic acid, cysteine, α-tocopherol and propyl gallate) were selected based on their nitrosamine inhibition efficiencies.

Effect of Antioxidants in Medicinal Products on Intestinal Drug Transporters.

The presence of mutagenic and carcinogenic N-nitrosamine impurities in medicinal products poses a safety risk. While incorporating antioxidants in formulations is a potential mitigation strategy, concerns arise regarding their interference with drug absorption by inhibiting intestinal drug transporters. Our study screened thirty antioxidants for inhibitory effects on key intestinal transporters-OATP2B1, P-gp, and BCRP in HEK-293 cells (OATP2B1) or membrane vesicles (P-gp, BCRP) using H-estrone sulfate, H-N-methyl quinidine, and H-CCK8 as substrates, respectively.

Lack of Effect of Antioxidants on Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) Class III Drug Permeability.

The addition of antioxidants to pharmaceutical products is a potential approach to inhibit nitrosamine formation, particularly in solid oral dosage forms like tablets and capsules. The objective was to assess the effect of ten antioxidants on the permeability of four Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) Class III drugs. Bi-directional drug permeability studies in the absence and presence of antioxidants were performed in vitro across MDCK-II monolayers.

An investigation of the effects of meteorological factors on the incidence of tuberculosis.

To explore the influence of meteorological factors on the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) in Yingjisha County, Kashgar Region, Xinjiang, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of TB. The Spearman correlation analysis and distribution lag nonlinear model analysis were conducted on the number of daily reported cases of TB from 2016 to 2023 to study the association effect of various meteorological factors and the daily incidence number of TB in Yingjisha County. A total of 13,288 TB cases were reported from January 2016 to June 2023, and June to October is the peak period of annual TB incidence.

Predictive value of radiomics-based machine learning for the disease-free survival in breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: This study summarized the previously-published studies regarding the use of radiomics-based predictive models for the identification of breast cancer-associated prognostic factors, which can help clinical decision-making and follow-up strategy.

Materials And Methods: This study has been pre-registered on PROSPERO. PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched, from inception to April 23, 2022, for studies that used radiomics for prognostic prediction of breast cancer patients.

Clinical Evaluation of Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing and Identification of Risk Factors in Patients with Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia.

Purpose: Severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP) is the leading cause of death among patients with infectious diseases worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) through detecting pathogens in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and identifying risk factors for recovery in SCAP patients.

Patients And Methods: This prospective study recruited 158 SCAP patients admitted to respiratory intensive care unit that were randomly divided into control and study groups, with receiving conventional tests and the same conventional tests plus mNGS, respectively.

Sex-specific associations between daytime sleepiness, chronic diseases and mortality in obstructive sleep apnea.

Objective: Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is common in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and has been linked to adverse outcomes, albeit inconsistently. Furthermore, whether the prognostic impact of EDS differs as a function of sex is unclear. We aimed to assess the associations between EDS and chronic diseases and mortality in men and women with OSA.

Predictive value of machine learning for breast cancer recurrence: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Recurrence of breast cancer leads to a high lifetime risk and a low 5 year survival rate. Researchers have used machine learning to predict the risk of recurrence in patients with breast cancer, but the predictive performance of machine learning remains controversial. Hence, this study aimed to explore the accuracy of machine learning in predicting breast cancer recurrence risk and aggregate predictive variables to provide guidance for the development of subsequent risk scoring systems.