Advanced Dynamic Slurry Circulation System for Precision 3D Bioprinting of Osteogenic Ceramics: Enhanced Stability, Mechanical Performance Optimization, and In Vitro Bioactivity Validation.

This study presents an improved 3D printing technology that integrates a slurry circulation system (SCS) to optimize the quality of low-viscosity ceramic slurries and address the issue of slurry sedimentation during printing. The use of low-solid-content slurries, traditionally challenging due to sintering shrinkage, is a key feature of this work. The resin solvent completely burns off during sintering, while the remaining solid portion undergoes controlled shrinkage, enabling the production of high-precision ceramics with reduced demands on 3D printer accuracy.

Four-year residual impacts of single biochar application on soil fertility and microbial community structure in aeolian sandy soils of semi-arid Inner Mongolia.

Biochar (BC) application is widely recognized as a promising strategy for enhancing soil fertility; however, its lasting effects on microbial communities in aeolian sandy soils of semi-arid regions remain poorly understood. To fill this knowledge gap, we conducted a field experiment to evaluate long-term changes in soil properties and microbial community structure in a buckwheat cropping system, 4 years after a single application of biochar (BC) at rates of 0 (BC0), 20 (BC1), 40 (BC2), and 60 (BC3) Mg ha in aeolian sandy soils of Inner Mongolia, China. Results revealed significant improvements in soil pH, moisture content, organic carbon (SOC), and available nutrients, as well as microbial biomass and enzyme activity, particularly at higher BC application rates (BC2 and BC3).

Effect of Fixed-Angle and Horizontal Rotor Centrifugation on Optimized Platelet-Rich Plasma Preparation.

Background: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is extensively used in regenerative medicine; however, its preparation lacks standardization. The difference in rotor angle between fixed-angle and horizontal rotors influences PRP quality. This study aims to compare the effects of these two rotor types on PRP preparation.

Effects of preservatives and drying methods on the nutrient composition and mould counts of hay and pellet processing of Oats.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different preservatives and drying methods on the nutrient composition and mould counts of oat hay and oat pellets. Oat hay and oat pellets were divided into 5 groups: CON (without additives, control), CAP (with 5% calcium propionate), CUR (with 5% curcumin), SKU (with 5% Scutellaria baicalensis) and KC (with 2% potassium carbonate). The nutrients and mould counts of each group were determined after air drying, drying at 50 °C and drying at 50 °C with forced air for 48 h and 96 h, respectively.

Effects of Irrigation Water Amount and Humic Acid on β-Glucan Synthesis in Post-Anthesis Grains of Naked Oats.

Naked oats offer substantial nutritional and health benefits, primarily due to their main dietary fiber component, soluble β-(1,3)(1,4)-D-glucan (β-glucan). In a pool experiment, humic acid (HA) was applied once during both the booting and anthesis stages at varying irrigation amounts (60 mm, 120 mm, and 180 mm) to assess changes in β-glucan content in grains post-anthesis. Results indicated that at 5 days post-anthesis (DPA), the β-glucan content (3.

Label-Free Proteomics Reveals the Response of Oat ( L.) Seedling Root Respiratory Metabolism to Salt Stress.

Soil salinity is among the crucial factors influencing agricultural productivity of crops, including oat. The respiratory metabolic pathways are of great significance for plants to adapt to salt stress, but current research is limited and there are few reports on salt-tolerant crops such as oat, which is necessary to conduct in-depth research. In this study, we conducted a pot experiment to determine the effects of salt stress on oat root growth and respiratory metabolism.

Utilizing Multi-Omics Analysis to Elucidate the Molecular Mechanisms of Oat Responses to Drought Stress.

The oat is a crop and forage species with rich nutritional value, capable of adapting to various harsh growing environments, including dry and poor soils. It plays an important role in agricultural production and sustainable development. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the responses of oat to drought stress remain unclear, warranting further research.

Silicon improves the photosynthetic performance of oat leaves infected with f. sp. .

Stem rust, caused by f. sp. () is a key disease affecting oat production worldwide.

Effects of strip cropping with reducing row spacing and super absorbent polymer on yield and water productivity of oat (Avena sativa L.) under drip irrigation in Inner Mongolia, China.

With the serious shortage of water resources and the development of water-saving agriculture, the application of drip irrigation has been paid more and more attention. But there was lack of oat planting methods suitable for drip irrigation, currently. In order to establish an efficient oat planting method for drip irrigation, a study was conducted at Agriculture and Forestry Sciences of Ulanqab, Inner Mongolia during the season (2019-2020) to evaluate the effect of strip cropping with reducing row spacing and super absorbent polymer on the yield and water use efficiency of oat.

Physiological and Proteomic Analysis Responsive Mechanisms for Salt Stress in Oat.

Oat is considered as a moderately salt-tolerant crop that can be used to improve saline and alkaline soils. Previous studies have focused on short-term salt stress exposure, and the molecular mechanisms of salt tolerance in oat have not yet been elucidated. In this study, the salt-tolerant oat cultivar Vao-9 and the salt-sensitive oat cultivar Bai5 were treated with 6 days of 0 and 150 mmol L salt stress (nNaCl:nNaSO = 1:1).

[Effects of moisture and humic acid on the metabolism of oat fructans].

To provide theoretical guidance and technical support for oat production in dry farming area, we exa-mined the effects of moisture and humic acid (HA) on the accumulation and distribution of non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) in different organs of oat, as well as the mechanism of sugar metabolism and grain weight formation of oat. Two oat cultivars, 'Mengnong Dayan 1' and 'Neiyan 5', were used as experimental material. HA and clean water (CK) were foliar sprayed under dry framing (without irrigation) and limited irrigation (irrigated twice at jointing and heading stage).

Foliar Application of Spermidine Reduced the Negative Effects of Salt Stress on Oat Seedlings.

The effects of foliar application of spermidine (Spd) on the physiological aspects of salt-stressed oat seedlings were studied under greenhouse conditions. At the seedling stage, the salt-sensitive variety, namely, Caoyou 1 and the salt-tolerant variety, namely, Baiyan 2 were treated with 70 and 100 mM of salt, followed by the foliar application of 0.75 mM Spd or distilled water.

Integrative analysis of transcriptome and metabolome reveal mechanism of tolerance to salt stress in oat (Avena sativa L.).

Soil salinity is among the crucial factors that impact on crop productivity, including oat (Avena sativa L.). Herein, we used two distinct oat cultivars with varied salt tolerance levels to unravel adaptive responses to salt stress by metabolomic and transcriptomic characterization.

Response of oat morphologies, root exudates, and rhizosphere fungal communities to amendments in a saline-alkaline environment.

The application of organic amendments to saline-alkaline soil has been recommended as an agricultural strategy to improve crop productivity and soil health. However, there has been limited research on how organic soil amendment strategies affect the health of oats and their associated rhizosphere fungal communities in saline-alkaline conditions. Thus, the objectives of this study were to understand the effects of oat cultivars with contrasting saline-alkaline tolerances and different amendments on plant morphologies, root exudates (soluble sugars and organic acids), and rhizosphere fungal communities in a saline-alkaline environment.

Design, synthesis and structure activity relationships of indazole and indole derivatives as potent glucagon receptor antagonists.

A novel series of indazole/indole derivatives were discovered as glucagon receptor (GCGR) antagonists through scaffold hopping based on two literature leads: MK-0893 and LY-2409021. Further structure-activity relationship (SAR) exploration and optimization led to the discovery of multiple potent GCGR antagonists with excellent pharmacokinetic properties in mice and rats, including low systemic clearance, long elimination half-life, and good oral bioavailability. These potent GCGR antagonists could be used for potential treatment of type II diabetes.

Diaminopyrimidines, diaminopyridines and diaminopyridazines as histamine H4 receptor modulators.

Previously disclosed H4 receptor modulators, the triamino substituted pyridines and pyrimidines, contain a free primary amino (-NH2) group. In this Letter we demonstrate that an exocyclic amine (NH2) is not needed to maintain affinity, and also show a significant divergence in the SAR of the pendant diamine component. These des-NH2 azacycles also show a distinct functional spectrum, that appears to be influenced by the diamine component; in the case of the 1,3-amino pyrimidines, the preferred diamine is the amino pyrrolidine instead of the more common piperazines.

Bio-electrospraying is a safe technology for delivering human adipose-derived stem cells.

Bio-electrospraying (BES) is a technique for directly jetting living cells that has significant implications for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. However, the effect of BES on human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) remains unknown. Here, we show that an hASC suspension was successfully electrosprayed via a continuous, stable and linearly directed electrospray at 10 kV and at 3 ml/h.

Characterization of nitrogen and water status in oat leaves using optical sensing approach.

Background: Optical sensing is a potential tool to estimate plant N status, but soil water deficits may interefere with forming a clear relationship. A greenhouse study was conducted with oat plants treated with three water regimes and four N levels to determine whether optical sensing could be used to estimate leaf N and relative water content (RWC).

Results: Leaf N was strongly correlated with reflectance at 550 nm and at around 705 nm, and N treatments caused a red-edge peak shift to lower wavelength.

Molecular characterizations of a novel putative DNA-binding protein LvDBP23 in marine shrimp L. vannamei tissues and molting stages.

Background: Litopenaeus Vannamei, well known as pacific white shrimp, is the most popular shrimp in the world shrimp market. Identification and characterization of shrimp muscle regulatory genes are not only important for shrimp genetic improvement, but also facilitate comparative genomic tools for understanding of muscle development and regeneration.

Methodology/principal Findings: A novel mRNA encoding for a putative DNA-binding protein LvDBP23 was identified from Litopenaeus vannamei abdominal muscle cDNA library.

Transgenic over-expression of growth differentiation factor 11 propeptide in skeleton results in transformation of the seventh cervical vertebra into a thoracic vertebra.

Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) is one of the significant genes that control skeletal formation. Knockout of GDF11 function causes abnormal patterning of the anterior/posterior axial skeleton. The mRNA of GDF11 is initially translated to a precursor protein that undergoes a proteolytic cleavage to generate the C-terminal peptide or mature GDF11, and the N-terminal peptide named GDF11 propeptide.

On the mechanism of the directed ortho and remote metalation reactions of N,N-dialkylbiphenyl 2-carboxamides.

A study concerning the mechanism of the LDA-mediated ortho and remote metalation of N,N-dialkyl-2-biphenyl carboxamides (e.g., 4a) is reported.

Administration of a mutated myostatin propeptide to neonatal mice significantly enhances skeletal muscle growth.

Myostatin is a dominant inhibitor of skeletal muscle development and growth. As transgenic over-expression of myostatin propeptide dramatically enhanced muscle mass, we hypothesized that administration of myostatin propeptide will increase muscle growth. In this study, the wild-type form of porcine myostatin propeptide and its mutated form at the cleavage site of metalloproteinases of BMP-1/TLD family were produced from insect cells.