Modular Synthesis of [1]Benzothieno[3,2-b][1]benzothiophenes via Formation of C-S and C=C Bonds.

We report a new method for the synthesis of valuable [1]benzothieno[3,2-][1]benzothiophenes (BTBTs) using inexpensive and readily available -halobenzyl halides as starting materials. This protocol is catalyst-free, features moderate to good yields, and exhibits efficient formation of four C-S bonds and one C=C bond in a domino reaction. Notably, unsymmetric BTBTs were also synthesized in good yields using bis(2-halophenyl)acetylene and bis(2-halophenyl)ethylene as starting materials, providing an efficient pathway for the construction of unsymmetric BTBTs.

Reversed effects of prior choices in cross-modal temporal decisions.

Perception of a current stimulus is influenced by one's immediately preceding sensory experience. This phenomenon, termed "serial dependence", affects perception of isochronous rhythm. However, it is unknown whether serial dependence affects perception of more complex temporal dynamics, such as changing tempo.

Targeting Seipin to Alleviate Hepatic Steatosis in Zebrafish (Danio Rerio).

Loss of Seipin causes the absence of whole-body adipose but abnormal liver lipid deposition in patients, and liver expression of Seipin is decreased in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). However, the underlying mechanism of Seipin-regulated liver lipid metabolism remains mysterious. Here, experiments show that over-expression of Seipin down-regulates HFD-induced liver triglyceride (TG) accumulation and promotes zebrafish growth.

Synthesis and Mechanistic Study of Unsymmetric Dibenzo[,']thieno[2,3-;4,5-']dithiophenes from 1-Haloethynyl-2-halobenzenes.

Synthesis of thienoacene semiconducting materials has progressed considerably; however, achieving this through straightforward and efficient methods remains significantly challenging. This study presents a thienannulation initiated by the trisulfur radical anion (S) for synthesizing unsymmetric dibenzo[,']thieno[2,3-;4,5-']dithiophenes (DBTDTs). Therefore, a facile protocol for the synthesis of DBTDTs from 1-(bromoethynyl)-2-chlorobenzene in the presence of a copper catalyst is provided.

Mitochondria-to-Nucleus Trafficking NIR-II Type I AIE Photosensitizer Synergistically Activates cGAS-STING Pathway for Efficient Tumor Eradication.

Activating the cGAS-STING signaling axis has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for combating tumor proliferation. However, conventional cGAS-STING agonists are hindered by the lack of precision in organelle targeting and limited capacity to induce DNA damage, impeding their therapeutic efficacy. Herein, it is developed a mitochondria-to-nucleus trafficking near-infrared II (NIR-II) type I photosensitizer (MPTB) for the synergistic activation of the cGAS-STING pathway.

Nuciferine supplement improved intestinal function and inflammatory response in juvenile large yellow croaker (Larmichthys crocea) fed diets with high palm oil level.

The use of high dietary palm oil (PO) as a fish oil (FO) substitute in aquafeeds is known to induce intestinal damage and inflammatory responses in fish, yet effective mitigation strategies remain scarce. Although nuciferine (NF) has been demonstrated to enhance intestinal function and attenuate inflammation in mammals, its effects on the intestinal health in fish remain poorly understood. In this study, large yellow croakers were fed diets containing FO, PO or PO supplemented with 0.

Research Progress on Signal Conversion Based on Aptamer Combined CRISPR/Cas System in Biosensors.

The CRISPR/Cas system has been extensively used in the fields of biology, food safety, and environmental monitoring. This is in part because its can to be used in combination with isothermal amplification-mediated signal amplification technology along with its extraordinary trans-cleavage ability, which has initiated a new era of biosensing applications. The popularity of functional nucleic acids has enabled aptamers to convert non-nucleic acid substances into programmable nucleic acid sequences through methods such as direct detection, lock activation, sandwich design, induction of conformations, and split aptamers.

Strong immune response and protection against Brucella abortus by Omp25 and BP26 mRNA vaccine candidates.

Brucellosis, a globally prevalent zoonotic disease caused by Brucella species, remains without safe and effective human vaccines. This study focuses on the outer membrane proteins Omp25 and BP26 of Brucella as targets, employing a multidimensional strategy to develop novel mRNA vaccines and systematically evaluate their immunoprotective efficacy. First, bioinformatics tools were used to predict the antigenicity, immunogenicity, and physicochemical properties of Omp25 and BP26, while the C-ImmSim server simulated their potential to induce innate and adaptive immune responses.

Synthesis of Thienoacenes via Cascade Copper-Catalyzed C-S Coupling and Thienannulation Reactions and Their Thermoelectric Properties.

Thienoacenes are a prominent class of fused-ring conjugated organic compounds and have attracted considerable attention due to their high coplanarity, good stability, high charge-carrier mobility, etc. However, most current synthetic methods toward thienoacenes require costly starting materials and reagents, as well as a lengthy synthetic procedure with low overall yields. Herein, a nonprecious copper-catalyzed system without additional ligands was developed to facilitate C-S coupling and 5-endo-dig thienannulation reaction, leading to the synthesis of a range of thienoacenes including dithieno[3,2-:2',3'-]thiophenes (DTTs) and thieno[2',3':4,5]thieno[3,2-]thiophene[2,3-]thiophene (TTAs) with yields of up to 90% (for single-sided thienannulation reactions) and 65% (for double-sided thienannulation reactions).

Multilayer analysis of ethnically diverse blood and urine biomarkers for breast cancer risk and prognosis.

Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common malignancies among women globally, characterized by complex pathogenesis involving various biomarkers present in blood and urine. To enhance understanding of the genetic associations between biomarkers and BC via multidimensional, cross ethnic investigations. Based on GWAS data of 35 blood and urine biomarkers from European populations, we adopted multiple analysis strategies including univariable Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, reverse MR analysis, sensitivity analysis and multivariate MR to identify potential biomarkers associated with BC risk and survival.

Liquid biopsy technologies: innovations and future directions in breast cancer biomarker detection.

Globally, breast cancer is the most frequent type of cancer, and its early diagnosis and screening can significantly improve the probability of survival and quality of life of those affected. Liquid biopsy-based targets such as circulating tumor cells, circulating tumor DNA, and exosomes have been instrumental in the early discovery of cancer, and have been found to be effective in stage therapy, recurrence monitoring, and drug selection. Biosensors based on these target related biomarkers convert the tested substances into quantifiable signals such as electrical and optical signals through signal transduction, which has the advantages of high sensitivity, simple operation, and low invasiveness.

Aptamer-based DNAzyme walker electrochemical biosensing strategy for Acinetobacter baumannii detection.

In this study, an innovative electrochemical biosensor was developed for the rapid, specific, and sensitive detection of Acinetobacter baumannii without the need for sample pretreatment. The biosensor utilized an aptamer as a specific capture probe for A. baumannii and employed a self-powered DNAzyme walker cleavage cycle reaction to achieve signal amplification.

Pan-cancer association of a mitochondrial function score with genomic alterations and clinical outcome.

Mitochondria are pivotal in cellular energy metabolism and have garnered significant attention for their roles in cancer progression and therapy resistance. Despite this, the functional diversity of mitochondria across various cancer types remains inadequately characterized. This study seeks to fill this knowledge gap by introducing and validating MitoScore-a novel metric designed to quantitatively assess mitochondrial function across a wide array of cancers.

Photoclick and Release for Spatiotemporally Localized Theranostics of Single Cells via In Situ Generation of 1,3-Diaryl-1H-benzo[f]indazole-4,9-dione.

Bioorthogonal click-release chemistry is a cutting-edge tool for exploring and manipulating biomolecule functions in native biological systems. However, it is challenging to achieve the precise regulation or therapy of individual cells via click-release strategies driven by proximity and thermodynamics. Herein, we propose a novel photoclick-release approach based on a photo-induced cycloaddition between 4,4'-bis(N-arylsydnone) or C-bithienyl-diarylsydnone and 2-arylamino-naphthoquinone via irradiation with 405 or 485 nm light.

A Bacterial Platform for Studying Ubiquitination Cascades Anchored by SCF-Type E3 Ubiquitin Ligases.

Ubiquitination is one of the most important post-translational modifications in eukaryotes. The ubiquitination cascade includes ubiquitin-activating enzymes (E1), ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (E2), and ubiquitin ligases (E3). The E3 ligases, responsible for substrate recognition, are the most abundant and varied proteins in the cascade and the most studied.

Screening and application of aptamers as fluorescent biosensors for selective and sensitive detection of hepatocellular carcinoma and in vivo targeted delivery studies.

The incidence of primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has recently ranked fifth in the world, and the incidence rate is increasing year by year worldwide. Therefore, early diagnosis is the highest priority in the treatment of HCC. In this paper, four anti-HCC aptamers were obtained using magnetic bead SELEX technology.

Tip60-mediated Rheb acetylation links palmitic acid with mTORC1 activation and insulin resistance.

Excess dietary intake of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) induces glucose intolerance and metabolic disorders. In contrast, unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) elicit beneficial effects on insulin sensitivity. However, it remains elusive how SFAs and UFAs signal differentially toward insulin signaling to influence glucose homeostasis.

Inflammatory markers and lymphocyte subsets in COVID-19 patients with respiratory bacterial Co-infection: Clinical implications.

Respiratory bacterial co-infections are frequently observed in COVID-19 patients. This retrospective study analysed clinical data from patients with COVID-19 and respiratory bacterial co-infections compared to those with COVID-19 alone. The findings suggest that inflammatory markers and lymphocyte subsets may be valuable for the early identification of co-infections in COVID-19 patients.

Multi-omics reveals protective effects of Ling Gui Zhu Gan Decoction on hyperlipidaemia in hamster.

Ling Gui Zhu Gan decoction (LGZGD) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription that is widely used in cardiovascular disease clinical prevention and treatment with high efficacy. Recent studies have shown that LGZGD can also be used in hyperlipidemia (HL) intervention, but its pharmacodynamic material basis and its mechanisms remains unclear. This study aimed to reveal the protective effects of LGZGD on HL, elucidate the pharmacodynamic material basis.

Selfie-loving mothers and children in China: The relationship between the selfie-related behaviors of mothers and adolescents' cosmetic surgery consideration.

The current study examined the relationship between mothers' selfie-related behaviors and adolescents' cosmetic surgery consideration, as well as the mediating effects of the adolescents' selfie-related behaviors, body surveillance, and facial dissatisfaction. A total of 541 mother-child dyads with adolescents averaging 16.55 years old, was recruited.

Surface State Modulation via Electrochemical Heterogeneous Redox Reactions for Full-Color Emission Carbon Dots.

Carbon dots (CDs) still suffer from unclear surface state fluorescence mechanism for fine modulation. Here, redox reactions for cathode and anode within electrochemical method are firstly employed to construct differentiated strategy for surface-state modulation, so as to obtain CDs with controllable emission in separated electrodes simultaneously. The fluorescence peaks of CDs from blue to red centered at 425 nm (mCDs-), 530 nm (mCDs+), 580 nm (oCDs-) and 665 nm (oCDs+) are mainly originated from the different bombardment effects of the ions and reaction tendencies of modifier during the electrolysis process.

The water content, apoptosis, and proliferation of the brain in marine medaka affected by seawater acidification.

A possible explanation for ocean acidification-induced changes in fish behavior is a systemic effect on the nervous system. Three biological barriers at the blood-brain interface effectively separate the brain from the body fluids. It is not known whether fish brain regions in contact with these barriers are affected by acidification.

Elevating Thermoelectric Performance by Compositing Dibromo-Substituted Thienoacene with SWCNTs.

Composites of organic small molecules (OSMs) and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have drawn great attention as flexible thermoelectric (TE) materials in recent years. Here, we synthesized thieno[2',3':4,5]thieno[3,2-]thieno[2,3-]thiophene (TTA) and 2,6-dibromothieno[2',3':4,5]thieno[3,2-]thieno[2,3-]thiophene (TTA-2Br) and compounded them with SWCNTs, obtaining thermoelectric TTA/SWCNT and TTA-2Br/SWCNT composites. The introduction of the electron-withdrawing Br group was found to decrease the highest molecular orbital energy level and bandgap () of TTA-2Br.