Comparative evaluation of impact-based and hybrid approaches for real time earthquake shaking prediction.

Earthquake Early Warning (EEW) systems can provide seconds to tens of seconds of advanced notice before the arrival of destructive seismic waves. Their effectiveness, however, depends on how quickly and accurately each system forecasts ground motion using real-time data. This study compares the performance of two distinct EEW algorithms (PLUM (Kodera et al.

Comparative analysis of antibiotic-administered vs. antibiotic-free farming in meat production: Implications for health, environment, and antibiotic resistance.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an escalating global health problem, endangering human, animal, and environmental health. In animal farming, the widespread use of antimicrobials is recognized one of the major drivers of AMR. Therefore, this review provides a meta-analysis of 37 studies published between 2014 and 2024, comparing the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in antibiotic-free (ABF) versus conventional animal farming (CONV) systems.

Sleep patterns of Canadian women across the life course: A systematic review.

Background: The prevalence of poor sleep is increasing. Women and men have different sleep needs, and uniquely female life transitions, such as the perinatal period and menopause, are associated with further differences in sleep patterns. In Canada, sleep disparities across socioeconomic groups are profound, but sleep research rarely differentiates between women and men.

Real-life evaluation of novel forced expiratory ratios with asthma exacerbations and symptoms.

Background: Small airways dysfunction (SAD) is an important treatable trait in persistent asthma but remains poorly captured by conventional spirometry. The (FEV3-FEV1)/FVC and FEV3/FEV6 ratios have been proposed as novel markers of peripheral airflow limitation.

Objective: We investigated the relationship between (FEV3-FEV1)/FVC and FEV3/FEV6 with symptom control and severe exacerbation frequency in patients with moderate-to-severe asthma.

Histamine as a mediator of cross-talk between human lung mast cells and macrophages.

Histamine, a multifaceted inflammatory mediator released from mast cells and basophils, has long been recognized for its critical role in orchestrating various aspects of allergic responses. Historically, the role of macrophages in allergic disorders has been underestimated compared to other immune cells, such as mast cells, eosinophils, and basophils. These cells are the predominant immune cells in the human lung, both in healthy individuals and patients with asthma.

Improving classification on imbalanced genomic data via KDE-based synthetic sampling.

Class imbalance poses a serious challenge in biomedical machine learning, particularly in genomics, where datasets are characterized by extremely high dimensionality and very limited sample sizes. In such settings, standard classifiers tend to favor the majority class, leading to biased predictions - an especially problematic issue in clinical diagnostics where rare conditions must not be overlooked. In this study, we introduce a Kernel Density Estimation (KDE)-based oversampling approach to rebalance imbalanced genomic datasets by generating synthetic minority class samples.

Prosocial Behavior and School Performance in the Transition to Adolescence: A Multicultural Study.

The present study explored the bidirectional longitudinal associations between prosocial behavior and school performance during adolescence in six countries (Colombia, Italy, Jordan, the Philippines, Thailand, and the United States). A total sample of 884 adolescents (T1: = 10.34 years, = 0.

The Role of Rapid and Advanced Microbiological Methods in Critical Care: 2025 EMANUELE RUSSO Delphi Consensus.

Scope: Interpretation of rapid and advanced microbiological test results remains nonstandardized, with no existing reference guidelines. This study aimed to analyze the existing evidence and provide expert guidance on the use of these techniques in critically ill patients.

Methods: A Delphi consensus process was conducted by a multidisciplinary panel of experts, including microbiologists, infectious disease specialists, intensivists, surgeons, and pulmonologists.

The social role of peripheral universities and tax exemptions, the Italian case.

In the dynamic center-periphery, the universities located in the peripheral areas, characterized by income, employment and infrastructural gaps, as well as increasing rates of skilled migration, have experienced increasing difficulties in recent years in terms of enrolment, recruitment and the ability to intercept sources of funding. This dynamic is particularly present in the Italian system, characterized by structural weaknesses that persist for at least a decade. In Italy, this marginalization phenomenon is impoverishing peripherical Universities jeopardising their role as civic actors for the most peripheral territories.

Two-Year Turning Point With Dupilumab in CRSwNP: Control, Remission, and Tapering Dosage.

Background: Dupilumab is an effective treatment for severe, uncontrolled chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). Most real-life studies have been conducted on small patient cohorts for up to 1 year.

Methods: This ambispective, multicentric, 2-year-long study evaluated dupilumab effectiveness (including treatment response, disease control, and remission) and safety in severe, uncontrolled CRSwNP patients from the DUPIREAL Italian study centers.

Orthoplastic approach to limb salvage surgery in oncology: types of flaps and surgical timing.

Extremities are a very common site for the development of malignant tumors. A multidisciplinary approach is essential for the proper management of extremity tumors, ensuring complete surgical resection with clear margins, proper management of tissue loss, and optimal functional recovery following reconstruction. Up to 95% of patients undergo successful limb-sparing treatments, avoiding amputation.

A working model for cytoplasmic assembly of H/ACA snoRNPs.

Pseudouridylation occurs on all types of cellular RNAs. As a catalytic component of nuclear H/ACA ribonucleoproteins (RNPs), the pseudouridine synthase dyskerin exerts a general impact on multiple fundamental cellular processes. Although this protein has been investigated in detail, its cytoplasmic roles have been largely overlooked, despite the identification of a minor splice variant showing a prevalent cytoplasmic localization.

A dedicated deep learning workflow for automatic Fasciola hepatica and Calicophoron daubneyi egg detection using the Kubic FLOTAC microscope.

Fasciola hepatica and Calicophoron daubneyi are trematodes with significant health and economic impacts on ruminant livestock farms. An effective and reliable diagnosis is essential to control their spread. To improve copromicroscopic diagnosis, the Kubic FLOTAC Microscope (KFM), a portable digital microscope, was designed for both laboratory and field use.

Clinicopathologic Features, Surgical Treatment, and Pathological Characterization of Canine Dacryops with Different Localization.

Lacrimal cysts (dacryops), which involve lacrimal tissue, are uncommon in dogs with an obscure/unclear pathogenesis. Compared to the current available literature, this report describes the clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical features of two cases of unusual dacryops in brachycephalic dogs. A three-year-old male Cane Corso was referred with a 1-month history of swelling ventromedial to the left eye associated with blepharospasm and epiphora.

Testicular Tumors and Environmental Pollution: A Comparative Oncoepidemiology Study in the Campania Region from 2020 to 2023.

A comparative analysis of testicular tumors in dogs and humans highlights notable similarities in cancer behavior, particularly regarding environmental influences. The ubiquitous distribution of endocrine disruptors in industrialized countries and their effects are strongly linked to the development of testicular cancers. This study examined 221 and 174 cases of testicular tumor in dogs and humans, respectively, from the Campania Animal Cancer Registry and the database of the National Cancer Institute "Fondazione G.

Old Therapy, New Questions: Rethinking Phlebotomy in a Pharmacologic Landscape.

Therapeutic phlebotomy remains a key intervention in the management of erythrocytosis and iron overload disorders, particularly polycythemia vera (PV) and hereditary hemochromatosis. Despite its historical origins as an ancient practice, venesection continues to be recommended in international guidelines for the reduction of hematocrit and iron burden, thereby mitigating thrombotic and organ-related complications. However, the evolving landscape of targeted pharmacologic therapies is reshaping the therapeutic paradigm.

Comparison of Techniques for Respiratory Rate Extraction from Electrocardiogram and Photoplethysmogram.

Background: Respiratory rate (RR) is a key vital sign and one of the most sensitive indicators of physiological conditions, playing a crucial role in the early identification of clinical deterioration. The monitoring of RR using electrocardiography (ECG) and photoplethysmography (PPG) aims to overcome limitations of traditional methods in clinical settings.

Methods: The proposed approach extracts RR from ECG and PPG signals using different morphological and temporal features from publicly available datasets (iAMwell and Capnobase).

Fatty Acid Profiling of Breast Milk at Different Gestational Ages.

This study aimed to characterize the fatty acid (FA) profile of breast milk (BM) at 7 days (T7) and 1 month postpartum (T30) using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and to evaluate associations between maternal diet during pregnancy and BM FA composition. : A prospective observational cohort study was conducted from March 2022 to October 2023, involving mothers grouped by gestational age at delivery (32 weeks, 32-36.6 weeks, and >37 weeks).

Advances in Intestinal-Targeted Release of Phenolic Compounds.

Phenols are natural compounds with considerable bioactivities. However, the low bioavailability and chemical instability of phenols limit their biological functions. This review summarizes recent progress in phenol delivery systems that account for the specific physiological conditions of the gastrointestinal tract.

Rapid G4 Ligand Screening Through Spectral Changes Using HT-SRCD with Minimal Material.

The development of molecules that interact with G-quadruplex (G4) sequences requires effective evaluation methods. Several techniques are currently available, including nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography, surface plasmon resonance (SPR), isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and mass spectrometry (MS), fluorescence using FRET-melting, G4-fluorescent intercalator displacement assay (G4-FID) and affinity chromatography. Among these, CD spectroscopy is gaining prominence due to its lower material requirements, faster experimentation and quicker data processing.

Microbial Profiling of Buffalo Mozzarella Whey and Ricotta Exhausted Whey: Insights into Potential Probiotic Subdominant Strains.

Buffalo mozzarella cheese whey (CW) and ricotta cheese exhausted whey (RCEW) are valuable by-products of the Mozzarella di Bufala Campana PDO production chain. This study characterized their microbial communities using an integrated culture-dependent and -independent approach. Metabarcoding analysis revealed that the dominance of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), including and , alongside diverse heat-resistant yeasts such as .

Clinical Safety and Feasibility of Minimally Invasive Colectomy Under Neuraxial Anesthesia in Frail Patients: Preliminary Case Series.

General anesthesia is the most widely used anesthesia technique for major abdominal surgery, but it may have a longer recovery time, high cost, and environmental impact. In addition, general anesthesia may be contraindicated in some frail patients. Our study aims to evaluate the feasibility and safety of performing colorectal surgery with a minimally invasive technique in frail patients under spinal anesthesia.

Cross-Cultural Differences and Clinical Presentations in Burning Mouth Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Comparative Study of Italian and Romanian Outpatient Settings.

: Burning Mouth Syndrome (BMS) is a chronic orofacial pain disorder characterized by persistent intraoral burning sensations without visible mucosal lesions. Although its biopsychosocial complexity is increasingly recognized, cross-cultural comparison data remain limited. : This cross-sectional study assessed 60 patients with BMS (30 Italian, 30 Romanian) who underwent standardized clinical, psychological, and sleep evaluations.

Bradykinin-Mediated Angioedema Induced by Drugs.

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) are among the most widespread drugs for the prevention of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Nevertheless, they are known to cause bradykinin (BK)-mediated angioedema (AE), a paroxysmal, localized, self-limiting, and potentially fatal swelling of the subcutaneous and/or submucosal tissue, due to a temporary increase in vascular permeability. Unlike hereditary angioedema (HAE), which can be mediated similarly by BK, no diagnostic tools, guidelines, or drugs have yet been approved for the diagnosis and treatment of acute non-allergic drug-induced AE.