Two-Year Turning Point With Dupilumab in CRSwNP: Control, Remission, and Tapering Dosage.

Background: Dupilumab is an effective treatment for severe, uncontrolled chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). Most real-life studies have been conducted on small patient cohorts for up to 1 year.

Methods: This ambispective, multicentric, 2-year-long study evaluated dupilumab effectiveness (including treatment response, disease control, and remission) and safety in severe, uncontrolled CRSwNP patients from the DUPIREAL Italian study centers.

Genomics in Lung Cancer: A Scoping Review of the Role of ctDNA in Non-Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer in the Prediction of Prognosis After Multimodality Therapeutic Approaches.

: Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), shed into bodily fluids by cancer cells through apoptosis, necrosis, or active secretion, is currently used in the field of genomic investigation in clinical settings, primarily for advanced stages of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, its potential role in guiding the multi-omic approach to early-stage NSCLC is emerging as a promising area of investigation. Efforts are being made to integrate the genomics not only in surgery, but also in the definition of long-term prognosis after surgical or radiotherapy and for the prediction of recurrence.

Safety of having a subsequent pregnancy after prior diagnosis of breast cancer during pregnancy in young BRCA carriers.

Background: For women carrying a germline pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant in the BRCA1/2 genes, having a pregnancy following breast cancer diagnosis and treatment is safe. However, no evidence exists on the safety of having a subsequent pregnancy in BRCA carriers with a prior diagnosis of breast cancer during pregnancy (PrBC).

Methods: The BRCA BCY Collaboration (NCT03673306) is an international, multicenter, retrospective cohort study that included BRCA carriers diagnosed with invasive breast cancer at the age ≤40 years between January 2000 and December 2020.

Comprehensive genomic profiling and clinico-pathologic characterization of primary ovarian leiomyosarcoma.

Objective: Primary ovarian leiomyosarcomas are exceptionally rare, accounting for less than 0.1% of ovarian malignancies. Their treatment strategies remain poorly defined, and data on comprehensive genomic profiling are lacking.

Strategies for Tapering the Dosage of Biologics Targeting Type 2 Inflammation: A Systematic Review.

Purpose Of Review: This review evaluates current evidence on tapering strategies for anti-type 2 biologics in chronic inflammatory diseases. Given the need for long-term treatment, optimizing dosage without compromising efficacy is essential for sustainable disease management.

Recent Findings: Biologic dose reduction strategies, such as tapering, de-escalation, dose spacing and interval dose prolongation, are increasingly explored in various type 2 inflammatory diseases, particularly in real-life settings.

Hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy (HITHOC) in stage IVA thymomas: a narrative review.

Background And Objective: While surgery remains a cornerstone of thymoma treatment, its role as a standalone therapy is limited in ensuring adequate local disease control, particularly in cases involving serous dissemination or recurrence. For disseminated disease, various multidisciplinary approaches have been explored, including systemic chemotherapy and radiotherapy, either as standalone treatments or in combination with surgery. The efficacy is unsatisfactory, and the management is anything but standardized.

Urology in the digital age: The power of telemedicine.

Telemedicine and telesurgery emerged as transformative innovations in urology. These approaches overcome challenges such as geographic barriers, resource limitations, and increasing demand for specialized care. Telemedicine is applied across the surgical continuum, including preoperative, perioperative, and postoperative phases.

Long term outcomes of breast primary sarcomas and malignant phyllodes tumors: 20 years observational analysis of the BEAM∗ study group. (∗the breast European association for mesenchymal tumors).

Background: Primary breast sarcomas (PBS) and malignant phyllodes tumors (MPT) represent less than 1 % of breast malignancies. Current evidence relies on heterogeneous retrospective series, resulting in controversial therapeutic approaches. This study aimed to analyze long-term outcomes in a large multicentric cohort treated with consistent strategies.

BRCA1-Associated Protein 1 and Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2: Pathway Interaction and Therapeutic Intervention in Breast Cancer, Mesothelioma, and Lymphoma.

BRCA1-associated protein 1 (BAP1) and Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) proteins are associated with the Polycomb repressive complex (PRC), and both have key roles in cell cycle and DNA repair pathways, so variants in and/or could lead to tumorigenesis. Somatic and germline variants in these genes have been associated with uveal and cutaneous melanoma, mesothelioma, renal cell carcinoma ( loss-of-function variants), and lymphoma, leukemia, and triple-negative breast cancer ( gain-of-function variants). Loss of function in the murine model has been shown to lead to an overexpression of mRNA.

Margins in head and neck non-melanoma skin cancer surgery: clinical/pathological criteria and their impact on oncological outcomes and therapeutic choices. A systematic review.

Introduction: Non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs), including basal (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), are the most prevalent malignancies affecting the skin, with the head and neck region being the most common site of involvement. Surgical excision remains the primary treatment modality. The role of surgical margins in the treatment of skin SCC and BCC of the head and neck remains a subject of ongoing debate.

The Role of ctDNA for Diagnosis and Histological Prediction in Early Stage Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Narrative Review.

Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) may be released from neoplastic cells into biological fluids through apoptosis, necrosis, or active release. In patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), ctDNA analysis is being introduced in clinical practice only for advanced disease management. Nevertheless, an interesting and promising field of application is the analysis of ctDNA in the management of early stage non-small-cell lung cancer, both for evaluation before treatment, such as diagnosis and screening, and for prediction of histology or pathological features.

Dupilumab Monthly Dose De-Escalation Maintains Efficacy in CRSwNP: A Two-Year Real-World Study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate if dupilumab interval dose de-escalation to every 4 weeks negatively impacts treatment outcomes in real-life practice for severe uncontrolled chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) during the first 2 years of treatment.

Methods: We enrolled 148 patients who completed 2 years of follow-up. We compared two homogenous groups in terms of severity: group A included 77 patients who never modified the interval of administration during follow-up; group B included 71 patients who extended the dosing interval to monthly administration.

Taking care of patients with recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa from birth to adulthood: a multidisciplinary Italian Delphi consensus.

Background: Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) is a rare and severe mucocutaneous fragility disorder due to mutations in the COL7A1 gene encoding collagen VII, the major constituent of anchoring fibrils essential for epithelial adhesion. RDEB is characterized by unremitting blistering, chronic painful wounds and fibrotic scarring that results in hand and foot pseudosyndactyly, microstomia, and esophageal strictures. RDEB complications include nutritional compromise, chronic anemia, failure to thrive, delayed puberty, osteoporosis, and renal involvement.

Efficacy and safety of twice per year depemokimab in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (ANCHOR-1 and ANCHOR-2): phase 3, randomised, double-blind, parallel trials.

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) symptoms are frequently driven by type 2 inflammation. Depemokimab is the first ultra-long-acting biological drug engineered with enhanced interleukin-5 binding affinity, high potency, and an extended half-life, enabling twice per year dosing and sustained type 2 inflammation inhibition. The ANCHOR-1 and ANCHOR-2 trials investigated the efficacy and safety of depemokimab in people with CRSwNP.

Oncological Feasibility of Limited Neck Dissection in cN0 Supraglottic Laryngeal Cancer.

Background: Supraglottic squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a significant portion of head and neck cancers, with the management of clinically negative necks (cN0) through selective neck dissection (SND) being debated due to potential morbidities and low metastasis rates in levels IIb and IV.

Methods: This study is a retrospective, multicenter examination of the potential feasibility of limited neck dissection (LND), including only levels IIa and III in cN0 supraglottic SCC patients. It analyzed occult metastasis rates and explored relapse occurrences alongside potential predictors of lymph node metastasis.

Isolated ACL Reconstruction Versus Combined ACL and Anterolateral Ligament Reconstruction: Functional Outcomes, Return to Sport, and Survivorship: An Updated Meta-analysis of Comparative Studies.

Background: Failure, persistent knee instability, and reinjury rates after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction are still concerns. Biomechanical investigations have highlighted the role of the anterolateral ligament (ALL) as a crucial knee stabilizer, and clinical outcomes after combined ACL and ALL reconstruction appear to indicate the success of the procedure.

Purpose: To compare the functional outcomes, return-to-sport (RTS) rate, and complications between combined ACL and ALL reconstruction and isolated ACL reconstruction.

A New Easy-to-Perform Flow Cytometry Assay for Determining Bacterial- and Viral-Infection-Induced Polymorphonuclear Neutrophil and Monocyte Membrane Marker Modulation in Febrile Patients.

We developed a flow cytometry (FC) assay enabling the rapid and accurate identification of bacterial and viral infections using whole blood samples. The streamlined flow cytometry assay is designed to be user-friendly, making it accessible even for operators with limited experience in FC techniques. The key components of the assay focus on the expression levels of specific surface markers-CD64 on polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) as a marker for bacterial infection, and CD169 on monocytes (MO) for viral infection.

Proceedings from an international consensus meeting on ablation in urogenital diseases.

Percutaneous image-guided ablation techniques are a consolidated therapeutic alternative for patients with high preoperative surgical risk for the management of oncological diseases in multiple body districts. Each technique has both pros and cons according to the type of energy delivered, mechanism of action, and site of application. The present article reviews the most recent literature results on ablation techniques applied in the field of genitourinary diseases (kidney, adrenal glands, prostate, and uterus), describing the advantages of the use of each technique and their technical limitations and summarizing the major recommendations from an international consensus meeting.

Subjective visual vertical/horizontal and video head impulse test in dyslexic children.

Different studies have tried to establish a relationship between dyslexia and the vestibular system function. Subjective Visual Vertical/Horizontal (SVV and SVH) and Video Head Impulse Test (VHIT) are useful for studying the vestibular system and can be easily performed in children. Our aim was to evaluate the vestibular function in dyslexic children by SVV/SVH and VHIT.

Trematocine-derived antimicrobial peptides from the Antarctic fish : potent antibacterial agents against ESKAPE pathogens.

Introduction: This study investigated the interaction with membrane mimetic systems (LUVs), bacterial membranes, the CD spectra, and the bactericidal activity of two designed trematocine mutants, named Trem-HK and Trem-HSK. Mutants were constructed from the scaffold of Trematocine (Trem), a natural 22-amino acid AMP from the Antarctic fish , aiming to increase their positive charge.

Methods: The selectivity of the designed AMPs towards bacterial membranes was improved compared to Trematocine, verified by their interaction with different LUVs and their membranolytic activity.

Dupilumab Improves Facial Pain and Reduces Rescue Treatments in Patients with CRSwNP and Recalcitrant Frontal Sinusitis.

Recalcitrant frontal sinusitis in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps (CRSwNP) has a negative impact on their quality of life due to frontal pain and a high risk of sinus occlusion, thus necessitating antibiotics, systemic corticosteroids, and multiple surgeries. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of dupilumab in reducing frontal pain and the need for rescue treatments for recalcitrant frontal sinusitis in patients with CRSwNP. We enrolled a cohort of 10 patients with severe uncontrolled CRSwNP and concomitant recurrent frontal sinusitis associated with severe facial pain measured by MIDAS score who were treated with dupilumab 300 mg every 2 weeks and followed for at least 12 months.