American Rhinologic Society Expert Practice Statement: Surveillance Strategies for Sinonasal Malignancy.

The goal of this American Rhinologic Society expert practice statement (EPS) is to summarize the best available evidence for surveillance strategies following definitive treatment of sinonasal malignancy. Topics discussed include components of surveillance, including endoscopy and imaging subtypes, frequency and length of surveillance, and highlights of some specific pathologies that warrant special consideration. This EPS was developed following the recommended methodology and approval process as previously outlined.

A Rare Case of Giant Esophageal Leiomyoma in an Adult Male Presenting With Right Upper Quadrant Pain and Mild Dysphagia.

Leiomyomas are the most common benign mesenchymal tumors of the esophagus, and they account for nearly two-thirds of benign esophageal neoplasms. The leiomyomas of the esophagus present with numerous nonspecific symptoms and signs, including dysphagia, shortness of breath, anorexia, weight loss, chronic cough, and bowel obstruction. The patient in this case report presented with moderate to severe right upper quadrant pain and mild dysphagia, which initially prompted evaluation for hepatobiliary pathology.

Summary from the 2025 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine workshop on body MRI: Unsolved problems and unmet needs.

In March of 2025, 145 attendees convened at the Hub for Clinical Collaboration of the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia for the inaugural International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (ISMRM) Body MRI Study Group workshop entitled "Body MRI: Unsolved Problems and Unmet Needs." Approximately 24% of the attendees were MD or MD/PhD's, 45% were PhD's, and 30% were early-career trainees and postdoctoral associates. Among the invited speakers and moderators, 28% were from outside the United States, with a 40:60% female-to-male ratio.

Localized high-risk prostate cancer harbors an androgen receptor activity-low subpopulation susceptible to HER2 inhibition.

Background: Localized high-risk prostate cancer (PCa) often recurs despite neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). We sought to identify baseline molecular programs that predict pathologic response and reveal targetable vulnerabilities.

Methods: We profiled 147 biopsy foci from 48 MRI-visible lesions in 37 patients before 6 months of ADT plus enzalutamide and radical prostatectomy.

Provider perspectives and experiences with initial implementation of medication abortion in a California public university health center: A qualitative study.

To uncover perceptions and experiences of campus health staff regarding provision of medication abortion (MA) at one public California University. Included 10 campus health center staff, including nurses, advanced practice clinicians, and physicians. Staff were recruited email or snowball sampling to participate in individual interviews to investigate their personal and professional beliefs and experiences of MA being offered at the university.

Mind Over Scalpel: Effectiveness of Preoperative Surgical Education.

Multimodal preoperative educational interventions, delivered in various formats including written materials, videos, websites, and more, have shown potential in improving postoperative outcomes. Given the evolving landscape of surgical education, the effectiveness of these diverse strategies requires further assessment. This systematic review, meta-analysis and network meta-analysis evaluated multimodal preoperative educational interventions and their impact on surgical outcomes.

A brain-wide map of neural activity during complex behaviour.

A key challenge in neuroscience is understanding how neurons in hundreds of interconnected brain regions integrate sensory inputs with previous expectations to initiate movements and make decisions. It is difficult to meet this challenge if different laboratories apply different analyses to different recordings in different regions during different behaviours. Here we report a comprehensive set of recordings from 621,733 neurons recorded with 699 Neuropixels probes across 139 mice in 12 laboratories.

Brain-wide representations of prior information in mouse decision-making.

The neural representations of prior information about the state of the world are poorly understood. Here, to investigate them, we examined brain-wide Neuropixels recordings and widefield calcium imaging collected by the International Brain Laboratory. Mice were trained to indicate the location of a visual grating stimulus, which appeared on the left or right with a prior probability alternating between 0.

Racial and Ethnic Differences in Patient Age at First Hospitalization for Heart Failure.

Background: The burden of heart failure (HF) varies across racial and ethnic groups.

Objectives: This study characterized the age at first HF hospitalization across racial and ethnic groups and determined the relative contribution of social risk factors to these differences.

Methods: Patients hospitalized in the Get With The Guidelines-Heart Failure (GWTG-HF, 2016-2019) registry with no prior HF diagnosis were included.

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease Complicated by a Tubo-Ovarian Abscess: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is an infection of the female upper genital tract structures involving the uterus, oviducts, ovaries, and/or other surrounding pelvic organs. Clinical diagnosis of PID is of utmost importance as there is currently no single gold standard diagnostic test. Here, we present a case of a 47-year-old woman presenting with left lower quadrant abdominal and suprapubic pain who was found to have PID complicated by tubo-ovarian abscess (TOA).

In Situ Pulmonary Artery Thrombosis and Low Flow Stasis Artifact in Parenchymal Lung Disease: An Under-Recognized Phenomenon.

Pulmonary emboli (PE) are a common clinical problem seen when a peripheral deep vein thrombosis (DVT) migrates to the pulmonary arteries. However, emerging literature suggests that not all filling defects in the pulmonary arteries are the result of embolism, and that in situ pulmonary arterial thrombus (ISPAT) or low-flow stasis artifact (LFSA) within the pulmonary arteries can mimic acute PE. The proposed mechanism for ISPAT is chronic stasis due to abnormal perfusion in areas of parenchymal lung disease leading to in situ thrombosis.

Maternal Acetaminophen Use and Offspring's Neurodevelopmental Outcome: A Nationwide Birth Cohort Study.

Background: Maternal acetaminophen use during pregnancy is common globally. However, its potential risks for neurodevelopmental disorders in offspring, including attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and intellectual disability (ID), remain uncertain in Asian populations.

Objective: We examined the association between maternal acetaminophen use during pregnancy and diagnoses of neurodevelopmental disorders in offspring.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the research productivity of K-awardees.

The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted many aspects of academic research, particularly for early career investigators striving for independence. This study examines geographic heterogeneity in the pandemic's impact on the publication productivity of recipients of National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute K01, K08, and K23 awards within Departments of Medicine across different states in the US using data from the National Institutes of Health RePORTER and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention COVID data tracker from 2015 to 2022. Findings indicate that while publication productivity increased steadily until 2020, it plateaued soon after.

Inequities in weathering California wildfires.

Two separate wildfires in different Los Angeles communities illustrate the disparate effects of and recovery from wildfires. Our comparison of patient and community characteristics of Veterans living in the affected areas related to social vulnerability identified specific vulnerabilities, and can inform policy levers to support more equitable disaster response and recovery efforts.

Adipocytes Impair Mitoxantrone Cytotoxicity Against Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

Introduction: Obesity contributes to poorer clinical outcomes in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. We have shown that adipocytes cause anthracycline resistance by absorbing and metabolizing them into less-active alcohol metabolites.

Methods: We hypothesized that mitoxantrone, which has a similar cytotoxic mechanism to anthracyclines but is metabolized through different pathways, might overcome this adipocyte-mediated chemoresistance.

Nano-Biosensors for mRNA-Based Cell Sorting Using Intracellular Markers at the Early Stage of Cell Reprogramming.

Cell reprogramming and manufacturing have broad applications in tissue regeneration and disease treatment. However, many derived cell types lack unique cell surface markers for protein-based cell sorting, making it difficult to isolate these cells from mixed populations. Additionally, there is a need to identify and isolate cells of interest at the early stages of cell expansion.

Potential of patient portals to enhance adolescent asthma care engagement.

Importance: Electronic health record-based patient portals hold promise for health care transition (HCT), particularly for chronic conditions like asthma.

Objective: To understand the potential of a portal-based asthma care management module in adolescent patients with asthma and evaluate its performance and usability.

Methods: We completed semi-structured interviews to determine adolescent perceptions of a portal-based asthma care module and its potential for HCT.

The manufacturing process and consequent occupational health and environmental risks associated with the use of plastic waste in construction bricks in small-scale recycling plants.

The rapid escalation of plastic production has prompted researchers to seek innovative and sustainable methods for recycling plastic waste to prevent its accumulation in landfills and mitigate its adverse effects on the environment and human health. One way is by incorporating plastic waste into construction materials. This study imparts a review on the application of plastic waste in the production of construction bricks through mechanical recycling processes, with a specific focus on compiling information on the manufacturing process as well as identifying potential emissions, occupational health hazards, and environmental risks.

Finite Population Survey Sampling: An Unapologetic Bayesian Perspective.

This article attempts to offer some perspectives on Bayesian inference for finite population quantities when the units in the population are assumed to exhibit complex dependencies. Beginning with an overview of Bayesian hierarchical models, including some that yield design-based Horvitz-Thompson estimators, the article proceeds to introduce dependence in finite populations and sets out inferential frameworks for ignorable and nonignorable responses. Multivariate dependencies using graphical models and spatial processes are discussed and some salient features of two recent analyses for spatial finite populations are presented.

Mindfulness vs. sleep education during autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation for multiple myeloma: Feasibility of a randomized controlled pilot study.

Background: Sleep disturbance is common in patients receiving hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT). Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) can improve sleep quality during and following cancer treatment by reducing treatment-related symptoms and enhancing immune function.

Methods: We conducted a randomized controlled pilot study investigating the feasibility of implementing Mindfulness Awareness Practices for Insomnia (MAP-I) in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) undergoing autologous HCT.

OCT-Defined Atrophic Age-Related Macular Degeneration Changes Associated with Deep Visual Sensitivity Losses: A Multicenter Study.

Purpose: To identify combination(s) of OCT changes that define atrophic age-related macular degeneration (AMD) lesions associated with repeatable deep visual sensitivity defects.

Design: Reader study.

Participants: One hundred seventy-one OCT scans from 60 eyes of 53 participants.

Evaluation and Management of Uveitis in a Patient With AIDS With Low CD4 Count and Prior CMV Retinitis.

To report an unusual case of uveitis in a patient with AIDS with low CD4 count. A single case was evaluated. A 28-year-old man with AIDS, central nervous system lymphoma, and cytomegalovirus (CMV) viremia developed subacute vitritis in the left eye.