Community and Voice: Emphasizing Black and Latine Adolescents' Strengths Promotes Identity Alignment, Belonging, and Academic Persistence.

Introduction: The present research examined whether Black and Latine adolescents' academic persistence could be promoted through two novel strength-based reflection activities, providing them an opportunity to experience a sense of school belonging and to form meaningful connections between their racial/ethnic identity and their ideal future identity they aspired for.

Methods: A randomized-controlled experiment was conducted in the U.S.

Provider perspectives and experiences with initial implementation of medication abortion in a California public university health center: A qualitative study.

To uncover perceptions and experiences of campus health staff regarding provision of medication abortion (MA) at one public California University. Included 10 campus health center staff, including nurses, advanced practice clinicians, and physicians. Staff were recruited email or snowball sampling to participate in individual interviews to investigate their personal and professional beliefs and experiences of MA being offered at the university.

Avian biodiversity in central California vineyards.

Avian biodiversity is declining globally, and conservation lands alone will likely not be able to support vibrant avian communities long-term. However, the integration of wildlife friendly practices into agricultural lands could support many birds that have lost habitat to agricultural and urban development. Here, we assessed how structural, natural, and anthropic vineyard characteristics in Edna Valley, California influence avian species occupancy, taxonomic diversity, and functional diversity from 31 point counts that, collectively, captured large gradients in environmental variation that exist in and around Edna Valley vineyards.

Metabolic Health and Heterogenous Outcomes of Prenatal Interventions: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Prenatal intensive behavioral therapy (IBT) interventions that promote adequate gestational weight gain (GWG) have had variable and mostly modest effects on clinically relevant maternal and infant outcomes. It is unknown whether different maternal obesity metabolic phenotypes underlie the heterogeneity in response.

Objective: To examine GWG, adverse perinatal outcomes, substrate changes, and differential changes in each in a prenatal IBT intervention conducted among pregnant individuals with 2 identified obesity phenotypes.

Classic free recall memory effects using video stimuli.

Several effects have been discovered to explain memory for lists of words. However, demonstrations of these effects are scant for other common types of stimuli like short videos. Here, we had participants encode and recall lists of TikTok videos that were presented either in categorical groups or mixed.

Performance evaluation of algorithms to estimate daily sedentary time using wrist-worn sensors in free-living adults.

Purpose: Given the limited real-world testing of algorithms for wrist-worn sensors to estimate sedentary time, we examined the performance of 21 algorithms in free-living adults.

Methods: Seventy-one adults (35-65 years) wore a GENEActiv (wrist) and an activPAL (thigh) sensor for up to 10 days. activPAL was our reference measure.

The damaging legacy of damage-centered LGBTIQ+ research: Implications for healthcare and LGBTIQ+ health.

Research on LGBTIQ+ populations has focused primarily on identifying problems in the community (e.g., health disparities) and their predictors (e.

Effect of Contrasting Redox Potential Evolutions and Cap Management Techniques on the Chemical Composition of Red Wine.

This study investigated the effects of six cap management protocols targeting contrasting oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) evolutions during alcoholic fermentation of Pinot noir wines. Treatments included twice-daily punch-downs (PD) and pump-overs (PO), 1 h air or N injections (AirMix, NMix), air injections triggered by ORP ≤ -40 mV (RedoxConAir), and equal N injections concurrent to RedoxConAir wines (RedoxConN). AirMix wines maintained ORP values above 0 mV throughout fermentation, showed an oxidatively favored glutathione-to-glutathione disulfide ratio (GSH:GSSG) of 0.

Performance Evaluation of Natural and Nature-Based Features for Coastal Protection and Co-Benefits.

Built infrastructure, such as seawalls and levees, has long been used to reduce shoreline erosion and protect coastal properties from flood impacts. In contrast, natural and nature-based features (NNBF), including marshes, mangroves, oyster reefs, coral reefs, and seagrasses, offer not only coastal protection but also a range of valuable ecosystem services. There is no clear understanding of the capacity of either natural habitats or NNBF integrated with traditional engineered infrastructure to withstand extreme events, nor are there well-defined breakpoints at which these habitats fail to provide coastal protection.

Search for Quasiparticle Scattering in the Quark-Gluon Plasma with Jet Splittings in pp and Pb-Pb Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02 TeV.

The ALICE Collaboration reports measurements of the large relative transverse momentum (k_{T}) component of jet substructure in pp and Pb-Pb collisions at center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02  TeV. Enhancement in the yield of such large-k_{T} emissions in head-on Pb-Pb collisions is predicted to arise from partonic scattering with quasiparticles of the quark-gluon plasma.

Enhancing Soil Health and Corn Productivity with a Co-Fermented Microbial Inoculant (CFMI-8): A Field-Based Evaluation.

Soil degradation and declining fertility threaten sustainable agriculture and crop productivity. This study evaluates the effects of CFMI-8, a co-fermented microbial inoculant comprising eight bacterial strains selected through genomic and metabolic modeling, on soil health, nutrient availability, and corn performance. Conducted in a randomized complete block design at Findlay Farm, Wisconsin, the field trial assessed soil biological activity, nutrient cycling, and crop yield responses to CFMI-8 treatment.

Gut Microbiome Modulation and Health Benefits of a Novel Fucoidan Extract from : A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, three-arm clinical trial evaluated the effects of a proprietary bioactive fucoidan-rich extract derived from (SLE-F) on gut microbial composition and function in healthy adults. The objective of the study was to assess the potential of SLE-F to beneficially modulate the gut microbiome, with this paper specifically reporting on microbial diversity, taxonomic shifts, and functional pathway outcomes. Ninety-one participants received either a low dose (125 mg), high dose (500 mg), or placebo twice daily for four weeks.

Characterizing Gene-Level Adaptations in the Gut Microbiome During Viral Infections: The Role of a Fucoidan-Rich Extract.

This study aimed to examine the effects of a Fucoidan-rich extract from (SLE-F) on differential gut microbiota composition, intestinal inflammation status, and microbial functional gene expression in participants infected with Dengue or Oropouche virus at the Hermanos Ameijeiras Hospital in Havana, Cuba. : Fecal samples were collected at baseline, day 28, and day 90 from 90 healthy adults, some of whom contracted the virus during the study period. Functional gene analysis was conducted using two approaches-the Kruskal-Wallis H test and linear discriminant analysis effect size-applied to ortholog-level data normalized by read count and gene copy number.

Transcriptomic Changes in the Frontal Cortex of Juvenile Pigs with Diet-Induced Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Liver Disease.

: Neurodegenerative disorders have a complex multifactorial pathogenesis that develop decades before the initial symptoms occur. One of the crucial factors in the development of neurodegenerative disorders is an unbalanced diet. A pediatric animal model of diet-induced metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) was established by feeding juvenile Iberian pigs a diet high in fat and fructose for 10 weeks.

Bidirectional Associations of Recreational Sedentary Screen Time and 24-hour Behaviors: a dynamic cross-sectional multilevel model analysis.

Background: Recreational sedentary screen time (rSST) is the most prevalent discretionary sedentary behavior and is strongly linked to poor health outcomes, but how time spent in rSST relates to other 24-hr behaviors is not well understood. The purpose of this study was to examine within and between day associations between rSST and other 24-hr behaviors- non-rSST or other sedentary time (other-SED), standing (STAND), light-to-moderate-vigorous physical activity (LPA), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and total sleep (SLEEP).

Methods: Baseline data from participants randomized in the StandUPTV study, an intervention that aimed to reduce rSST in adults, were included.

Phantom oceans restructure bat communities.

Breaking waves are a widespread and often intense source of background sounds in coastal areas. Yet, the influence that natural sounds like crashing surf have on the distribution and behavior of animals, and the structure of communities, has been largely overlooked. Here, we examined how ocean sounds impact the activity and distribution of bats.

Numerical analysis of critical parameter values for remission during imatinib treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia.

Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is a cancer of the white blood cells that results from uncontrolled growth of myeloid cells in the bone marrow and the accumulation of these cells in the blood. The most common form of treatment for CML is imatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Although imatinib is an effective treatment for CML and most patients treated with imatinib do attain some form of remission, imatinib does not completely eradicate all leukemia cells, and if treatment is stopped, all patients eventually relapse.

Neural network approaches, including use of topological data analysis, enhance classification of human induced pluripotent stem cell colonies by treatment condition.

Understanding how stem cells organize to form early tissue layers remains an important open question in developmental biology. Helpful in understanding this process are biomarkers or features that signal when a significant transition or decision occurs. We show such features from the spatial layout of the cells in a colony are sufficient to train neural networks to classify stem cell colonies according to differentiation protocol treatments each colony has received.

Adaptive food price forecasting improves public information in times of rapid economic change.

The advent of COVID-19 ended an era of stable US retail food prices that followed the world food price crisis of 2010-2012. Pandemic-related disruptions, avian influenza outbreaks, and the Russia-Ukraine war drove 2022 food-at-home inflation to its highest rate since 1974 (11.4%).

'Our biology is listening': biomarkers as molecular vestiges of early life and the production of positive childhood experiences in behavioral epigenetics.

The sciences of environmental epigenetics and the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease have become central in efforts to understand how early life experiences impact health across the life course. This paper draws on interviews with epigenetic scientists and laboratory observations in the United States and Canada to show how scientists conceptualize epigenetic biomarkers as and the consequences this has for postgenomic approaches to health, risk, and intervention. We argue that this process demarcates early life as the optimal time to study and intervene in health and positions biomarkers as conceptual and methodological tools that scientists mobilize to reimagine early life environments.

Association of Preconception and Prenatal Cannabis Use with Breastfeeding.

Introduction: Breastfeeding is recommended. It is unknown whether preconception or prenatal cannabis use are related to breastfeeding behaviors.

Methods: This population-based retrospective cohort study included 200,207 pregnancies in Northern California (2016-2022) with live births screened in early pregnancy for cannabis use.

Cuff-less blood pressure monitoring via PPG signals using a hybrid CNN-BiLSTM deep learning model with attention mechanism.

Blood pressure (BP) serves as a fundamental indicator of cardiovascular health, measuring the force exerted by circulating blood against arterial walls during each heartbeat. This paper introduces an advanced deep learning framework for precise, non-invasive BP estimation via photoplethysmography (PPG) signals, addressing critical limitations in traditional, cuff-based BP measurement methods. Traditional methods, while reliable, are limited by their inability to provide continuous data, posing challenges for proactive health management.

Parent social media use and gaming on mobile phones, technoference in family time, and parenting stress.

Possible effects of parent phone use on parent-child interactions and child behavior are of concern, warranting research to understand parent phone use. In this survey study of 183 families with a young child (=2.89 years), we examined parents' phone use for texting/calling, social media use, mobile gaming, and perceptions of cutting into family time; we also examined differences between mothers and fathers and associations with parenting stress.

The moderating effects of child appetitive traits on the association between parental controlling feeding practices and child weight status at 18 and 24 months.

While maternal pressure and prompts to eat have been associated with child weight status, findings are inconsistent, potentially due to unexamined moderating factors. This study examined whether the association of observed maternal encouraging prompts to eat and reported pressure to eat with child BMI z-scores at 18 and 24 months varied based on appetitive traits reflecting food avoidance and approach. Participants were 72 mother-child dyads who participated in a prenatal lifestyle intervention trial aimed at preventing excess gestational weight gain and had complete data on maternal feeding practices, and child appetitive traits and BMI z-scores at 18 months; child BMI z-scores at 24 months were also available for a subset of 64 dyads.

Life history and nesting traits reflect urban tolerance in coastal birds.

Rapid urbanization has prompted considerable interest in understanding which species thrive or fail in these novel environments. Because half of the human population resides in coastal areas, studies that explicitly examine urban tolerances among coastal species are needed. Here, we sought to explain variation in coastal bird tolerances to urban habitats with species life history, diet, nest, social, sensory and sexual selection traits using phylogenetically informed models and three urban-tolerance indexes.