Evaluation and Management of Uveitis in a Patient With AIDS With Low CD4 Count and Prior CMV Retinitis.

To report an unusual case of uveitis in a patient with AIDS with low CD4 count. A single case was evaluated. A 28-year-old man with AIDS, central nervous system lymphoma, and cytomegalovirus (CMV) viremia developed subacute vitritis in the left eye.

Angular Sign of Henle Fiber Layer Hyperreflectivity (ASHH) in Contusion Maculopathy: A Multimodal Imaging Analysis.

Purpose: To describe the multimodal imaging findings of the angular sign of Henle fiber layer (HFL) hyperreflectivity (ASHH) at baseline and follow-up in patients with contusion maculopathy.

Methods: Eleven eyes of ten patients were captured with multimodal imaging after non-penetrating ocular blunt trauma from a soccer ball, fist, or airsoft pellet. Baseline clinical and imaging characteristics and follow-up outcomes are presented.

Accessory secondary plaque in brachytherapy for uveal melanoma.

Purpose: We describe the technique, indications and outcomes of an accessory secondary brachytherapy plaque for the treatment of uveal melanoma to provide supplemental tumor coverage for the primary brachytherapy plaque.

Methods: Retrospective case series was performed to identify brachytherapy plaque cases for the treatment of primary uveal melanoma where an accessory secondary plaque was created to improve treatment coverage of the uveal melanoma, and positioned at the time of removal of the primary brachytherapy plaque. Baseline tumor, patient characteristics, and clinical outcomes including tumor control, visual acuity, treatment complications, metastases and death treatment were obtained.

Real-World Efficacy of Intravitreal Methotrexate for Managing Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy in Recurrent Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of serial intravitreal methotrexate (MTX) injections as an adjunct to surgical repair in the management of recurrent rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (rRRD) due to proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR).

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted involving 41 eyes with a history of failed RRD repair presenting with rRRD and grade C1 to D PVR, treated with pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and serial MTX injections were included, separated into group 1 (with modified GUARD protocol, n=27) and group 2 (without modified GUARD protocol, n=14). The primary outcome was retinal reattachment rate, and secondary outcomes were changes in visual acuity and postoperative complications.

Central bouquet hemorrhage with Henle fiber layer extension in myopic eyes.

Objective: To characterize the clinical and multimodal imaging features of central bouquet hemorrhage (CBH) with Henle fiber layer (HFL) involvement in highly myopic eyes, and to investigate the relationships between hemorrhage characteristics, reabsorption time, and visual outcomes.

Methods: Multicenter, retrospective analysis of highly myopic eyes with CBH involving the HFL, confirmed by optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Results: Eighteen eyes from 18 subjects were included for analysis.

Bilateral acute multifocal retinitis and retinal vasculitis secondary to Rickettsia typhi infection.

Purpose: To describe a case of acute multifocal retinitis (AMR) and retinal vasculitis associated with Rickettsia typhi.

Methods: Case report.

Results: A 37-year-old previously healthy female presented with acute bilateral panuveitis that was preceded by a febrile illness with pneumonitis and transaminitis.

Management of diabetic tractional retinal detachments: surgical experiences from a large tertiary academic institution.

Purpose Of Review: Management of diabetic tractional retinal detachments (TRDs) remains technically challenging. The purpose of this review is to provide an updated overview of current surgical techniques and important considerations when treating this condition.

Recent Findings: Recent advances in imaging have provided critical insights into hyaloid status and tractional forces in diabetic TRDs, greatly aiding surgical planning.

Pentosan polysulfate sodium maculopathy: Final analysis of a prospective cohort, updated review, and association with inflammatory bowel disease.

Pentosan polysulfate sodium (PPS) maculopathy is a recently described condition of macular toxicity. We report the prevalence (15 %), the clinical characteristics, and the multimodal imaging (MMI) features of PPS maculopathy based on a final prospective analysis of a cohort of 154 subjects and highlight the association with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In addition, we summarize the most recent and relevant literature on PPS maculopathy.

Unexplained Acute Total Loss of Vision After Primary Scleral Buckle Surgery.

To present 2 cases of acute total loss of vision after scleral buckle surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. A retrospective chart review of 2 cases and an analysis of the literature were performed. An 18-year-old woman and a 67-year-old woman suffered complete loss of vision in their operative eye after primary scleral buckle surgery with encircling bands.

SUB RETINAL PIGMENT EPITHELIUM HYPOREFLECTIVE SPACES PRECEDING LARGE DRUSEN COLLAPSE.

Purpose: To describe and study hyporeflective subretinal pigment epithelium (RPE) spaces in large drusen and drusenoid pigment epithelial detachment before collapse.

Method: Retrospective longitudinal study enrolled patients with large and very large drusen caused by intermediate age-related macular degeneration. The following optical coherence tomography parameters were assessed: drusen size (maximum width and height), optical coherence tomography biomarkers of RPE atrophy, presence of intraretinal and subretinal fluid, acquired vitelliform lesion, and sub-RPE regions of hyporeflectivity within the pigment epithelial detachment compartment.

Retinal Ischemic Perivascular Lesions Are Associated With Myocardial Infarction in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease.

Purpose: To evaluate the association of retinal ischemic perivascular lesions (RIPLs) with myocardial infarction (MI) among patients diagnosed with coronary artery diseases (CAD).

Design: Retrospective cross-sectional study.

Methods: Consecutive patients (317 patients) with CAD who underwent macular spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) were captured.

Systemic and ocular outcomes in patients with young-onset type 2 diabetes.

Purpose: To analyze the systemic and ocular outcomes in patients with young-onset type 2 diabetes (YO-DM2) based on grade of presenting diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Methods: Retrospective cohort study analysis of empaneled patients with type 2 diabetes <40 years old with retinopathy screening within the Los Angeles Department of Health Services between 01/01/2017-07/01/2021 were included. Patients were stratified based on presenting severity of DR determined on fundus photographs or clinical examination.

CENTRAL BOUQUET HEMORRHAGE: Clinical and Multimodal Imaging Features.

Purpose: To describe the clinical characteristics, multimodal imaging features, and anatomic basis of a distinctive pattern of deep retinal hemorrhages located in the central fovea, a presentation referred to as "central bouquet hemorrhage."

Methods: Retrospective, observational, multicenter case series of eyes with central bouquet hemorrhage. Multimodal imaging features were reviewed and analyzed.

OCT Grading System of Macular Infarction Predicts Vision in Participants With Central Retinal or Hemiretinal Vein Occlusion: A Secondary Analysis of SCORE2.

Purpose: To determine whether macular infarction measured as hyper-reflectivity of the middle and inner retinal layers predicts long-term visual acuity outcomes in participants with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) or hemi-retinal vein occlusion (HRVO).

Design: Clinical cohort study using post hoc secondary analysis of phase 3 clinical trial data.

Methods: This post hoc secondary analysis of the phase 3 Study of COmparative Treatments for REtinal Vein Occlusions 2 (SCORE2) clinical trial included 310 of the 362 participants with macular edema secondary to CRVO/HRVO who were randomized to injections of aflibercept or bevacizumab.

Pachyvitelliform maculopathy: an optical coherence tomography analysis of a novel entity.

Purpose: To describe the optical coherence tomography features of pachyvitelliform maculopathy (PVM), an acquired vitelliform lesion (AVL) associated with pachychoroid disease.

Methods: This study was a retrospective, multicentre, observational analysis.Medical records and multimodal imaging were reviewed in all patients with pachychoroid disease and AVL.

Progression of Pentosan Polysulfate Sodium Maculopathy in a Prospective Cohort.

Purpose: To describe the progression of pentosan polysulfate sodium (PPS) maculopathy after drug discontinuation qualitatively and quantitatively using multimodal imaging assessmen.

Design: Prospective case series.

Methods: Patients with PPS maculopathy were evaluated after discontinuation of PPS.

Vitelliform maculopathy: Diverse etiologies originating from one common pathway.

Vitelliform lesions (VLs) are associated with a wide array of macular disorders but are the result of one common pathway: retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) impairment and phagocytic dysfunction. VLs are defined by the accumulation of yellowish subretinal material. In the era of multimodal advanced retinal imaging, VLs can be further characterized by subretinal hyperreflectivity with optical coherence tomography and hyperautofluorescence with fundus autofluorescence.

Relationship Between Drusen Height and OCT Biomarkers of Atrophy in Non-Neovascular AMD.

Purpose: To determine if increasing drusen height correlates with predictive optical coherence tomography (OCT) biomarkers of atrophy.

Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study that enrolled patients with drusen associated with intermediate AMD. Macular drusen were classified as small, intermediate, large, or very large based on OCT quartile measurement of height.

Pentosan Polysulfate Sodium-Associated Maculopathy: Early Detection Using OCT Angiography and Choriocapillaris Flow Deficit Analysis.

Purpose: To compare choriocapillaris flow deficit (CC-FD) analysis using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in eyes of patients treated with high cumulative dosages of pentosan polysulfate sodium (PPS) but no signs of retinal toxicity versus healthy age-matched controls.

Design: Retrospective clinical cohort study.

Methods: Patients treated with PPS for interstitial cystitis with a cumulative dose of > 1000 g underwent multimodal imaging screening to exclude evidence of PPS maculopathy or other retinal findings.

Clinical and Morphologic Characteristics of Perivenular Fernlike Leakage on Ultrawide-field Fluorescein Angiography.

Purpose: To analyze the spectrum of the perivenular fernlike leakage on ultrawide-field fluorescein angiography (UWFA) and discuss its potential implications in the current understanding of the retinal venous outflow.

Design: Retrospective, observational case series.

Participants: Eyes presenting with fernlike patterns of dye leakage on UWFA were included in this study.