Sulfide-Responsive Transcription Control in .

To elucidate the mechanism of large-scale transcriptional changes dependent on sulfide in , a large-scale RNA-sequencing analysis was performed on wild-type and sulfide-responsive transcription factor YgaV deletion mutants grown under three conditions: aerobic, semi-aerobic, and semi-aerobic with sulfide. The resulting dataset from these six conditions was subjected to principal component analysis, which categorized the data into five principal components. Estimation of the typical gene expression regulatory mechanisms in each category suggested the presence of mechanisms that are dependent on sulfide but independent of YgaV, as well as those that depend on YgaV but not on sulfide.

Physical Realizations of Interdependent Networks: Analogy to Percolation.

Percolation on interdependent networks generalizes the well-studied percolation model in a single network to multiple interacting systems, unveiling spontaneous cascading failures, abrupt collapses, and high vulnerability. The main novelty of interdependent networks has been the introduction of two types of links, connectivity within networks and the dependency between them. The interplay between these two types of interactions results in novel critical phenomena and phase transitions.

Picosecond imaging of dynamics of solvated electrons during femtosecond laser-induced plasma generation in water.

The dynamics of solvated electrons were visualized using absorption imaging with sub-picosecond time resolution based on a pump-probe measurement during the early stages of femtosecond laser-induced plasma generation in water. The solvated electrons were generated by the propagation of a femtosecond laser pump pulse. In the area with a pump laser intensity over 2 × 1013 W/cm2, where a high density of free electrons was produced, solvated electrons exhibited an additional rapid increase in optical density (OD) at 800 nm, 7-9 ps after the pump pulse excitation.

Polyamine depletion limits progression of acute leukaemia.

Cancer cells are addicted to polyamines, polycations essential for cellular function. While dual targeting of cellular polyamine biosynthesis and polyamine uptake is under clinical investigation in solid cancers, preclinical and clinical studies into its potential in haematological malignancies are lacking. Here we investigated the preclinical efficacy of polyamine depletion in acute leukaemia.

Analysis of the TiO Photoanode Process Using Intensity Modulated Photocurrent Spectroscopy and Distribution of Relaxation Times.

Photoelectrochemical water splitting offers a promising pathway for green hydrogen production, but its efficiency is limited by electron-hole recombination. Overcoming this challenge requires detailed analysis of the relationship between charge separation and charge transfer kinetics under operando conditions. Here, we applied intensity-modulated photocurrent spectroscopy (IMPS) combined with distribution of relaxation times (DRT) analysis to the photoanodic process under varying light intensities.

Unravelling physical and radiobiological effects of proton boron fusion reaction with anionic metallacarboranes ([o-COSAN]) in breast cancer cells.

Background: Protons, which are considered low-LET (Linear Energy Transfer) radiation, have an average RBE (relative biological effectiveness) of 1.1, with a range from 0.7 to 1.

AI-assisted protein design to rapidly convert antibody sequences to intrabodies targeting diverse peptides and histone modifications.

Intrabodies are engineered antibodies that function inside living cells, enabling therapeutic, diagnostic, and imaging applications. While powerful, their development has been hindered by challenges associated with their folding, solubility, and stability in the reduced intracellular environment. Here, we present an AI-driven pipeline integrating AlphaFold2, ProteinMPNN, and live-cell screening to optimize antibody framework regions while preserving epitope-binding complementarity-determining regions.

Aluminum Distribution on the Microporous and Hierarchical ZSM-5 Intracrystalline and Its Impact on the Catalytic Performance.

In our previous work, the control of aluminum distribution on microporous ZSM-5 with and without the addition of sodium (Na) was conducted. In the current research, adjustment of the aluminum distribution on hierarchical ZSM-5 synthesized using a surfactant as a mesoporogen has been carried out. The investigation of aluminum distribution was based on Al MAS NMR, constraint index (CI) value, and Co(II) ion-adsorbed UV-vis.

Synthesis of Phoslactomycin I-i.

The C5-C11 moiety of phoslactomycin I-i was synthesized via chelation-controlled addition of CH═CHMgBr to the C8 ketone, ozonolysis, and the HWE reaction. The TMS acetylene and C1-C4 were attached to C11 and C5, respectively. A cyclohexyl moiety possessing an iodovinyl group was synthesized from quinic acid.

1D Magnetic Topological Inorganic Electrides.

Inorganic electrides, which are characterized by the presence of interstitial anionic electrons (IAEs) within distinct geometric cavities, exhibit unique properties and have garnered significant attention in various fields. Nevertheless, inorganic electrides face significant challenges in terms of their stability and magnetic topological states. To address these issues, a combination of high-throughput screening, first-principles calculations, and experimental synthesis is used to identify a series of stable 1D magnetic topological inorganic electrides with diverse properties and applications.

Fractional Anisotropy of Cingulum Cingulate Mediates the Relationship Between Happiness and Work Performance in Healthy Individuals.

Introduction: As competition among companies around the world intensifies, the nature of work and the performance required are becoming more complex. In parallel with this, there is growing attention on happiness and well-being as factors related to improving employee performance. However, little is known about the relationship between happiness and the brain and work performance in healthy people.

Observing versus creating flowers: a review of relevance for art therapy.

This paper compares the embodied aesthetic experience of three types of images: photographed flowers, drawn flowers, and mandalas, summarizing data from three former comparative papers. The findings denote the strong embodied emotional connection of participants (changes in mood expressed in neural and physiological responses) to images of real flowers, as compared to the more cognitive reactions to drawings of flowers and cognitive stimulation of flower-like mandalas. These findings are discussed in terms of methodological relevance for art therapy and nature therapy.

Uldp-FL: Federated Learning with Across-Silo User-Level Differential Privacy.

Differentially Private Federated Learning (DP-FL) has garnered attention as a collaborative machine learning approach that ensures formal privacy. Most DP-FL approaches ensure DP at the record-level within each silo for cross-silo FL. However, a single user's data may extend across multiple silos, and the desired user-level DP guarantee for such a setting remains unknown.

Digital twin brain simulator for real-time consciousness monitoring and virtual intervention using primate electrocorticogram data.

At the forefront of bridging computational brain modeling with personalized medicine, this study introduces a novel, real-time, electrocorticogram (ECoG) simulator, based on the digital twin brain concept. Utilizing advanced data assimilation techniques, specifically a Variational Bayesian Recurrent Neural Network model with hierarchical latent units, the simulator dynamically predicts ECoG signals reflecting real-time brain latent states. By assimilating broad ECoG signals from macaque monkeys across awake and anesthetized conditions, the model successfully updated its latent states in real-time, enhancing precision of ECoG signal simulations.

Seesaw protein: Design of a protein that adopts interconvertible alternative functional conformations and its dynamics.

According to classical Anfinsen's dogma, a protein folds into a single unique conformation with minimal Gibbs energy under physiological conditions. However, certain proteins may fold into two or more conformations from single amino acid sequences. Here, we designed a protein that adopts interconvertible alternative functional conformations, termed "seesaw" protein (SSP).

The main factor that determines the formation-efficiencies of photochemically derived one-electron-reduced species.

While the quantum yields of photosensitiser-derived one-electron-reduced species (OERSs) significantly impact the overall efficiencies of various redox-photosensitised photocatalytic reactions, the primary factors that influence them remain unclear. In this study, we systematically compared the photochemical formation quantum yields for OERSs associated with Ru(ii) and Os(ii) tris-diimine, , -[Re(diimine)(CO)(PR)], and cyclometalated Ir(iii) complexes in the presence of the same 1,3-dimethyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzo[]imidazole (BIH) reductant. The reduction potentials of the excited metal complexes, the heavy-atom effects of the central metal ions, and the oxidation potentials and charges of their OERSs were examined, which reveals that the driving force for photoinduced electron-transfer is the most important factor that determines the quantum yields associated with photochemical OERS formation.

Targeting deeply-sourced seeps along the Central Volcanic Zone.

At convergent margins, plates collide producing a subduction process. When an oceanic plate collides with a continental plate, the denser (i.e.

Development of a Highly Durable Photocatalytic CO Reduction Using a Mn-Complex Catalyst: Application of Selective Photosplitting of a Mn(0)-Mn(0) Bond.

-[Mn(diimine)(CO)(L)] has attracted significant attention as a catalyst for the photocatalytic reduction of CO. However, in such photocatalytic systems, the photoexcitation of Mn complexes and reaction intermediates induces their decomposition, which lowers the durability of these systems. In this study, we clarified the primary process whereby the Mn complex catalyst decomposes during the photocatalytic reaction.

Disentangling Centrality Bias and Final-State Effects in the Production of High-p_{T} Neutral Pions Using Direct Photon in d+Au Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV.

PHENIX presents a simultaneous measurement of the production of direct γ and π^{0} in d+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200  GeV over a p_{T} range of 7.5 to 18  GeV/c for different event samples selected by event activity, i.e.

Universal Waterfall Feature in Cuprate Superconductors: Evidence of a Momentum-Driven Crossover.

We study two related universal anomalies of the spectral function of cuprates, so-called waterfall and high-energy kink features, by a combined cellular dynamical mean-field theory and angle-resolved photoemission study for the oxychloride Na_{x}Ca_{2-x}CuO_{2}Cl_{2} (Na-CCOC). Tracing their origin back to an interplay of spin-polaron and local-correlation effects both in undoped and hole-doped (Na-)CCOC, we establish them as a universal crossover between regions differing in the momentum dependence of the coupling and not necessarily in the related quasiparticles' energies. The proposed scenario extends to doping levels coinciding with the cuprate's superconducting dome and motivates further investigations of the fate of spin polarons in the superconducting phase.

Rapid and dynamic evolution of a giant Y chromosome in .

Some plants have massive sex-linked regions. To test hypotheses about their evolution, we sequenced the genome of , in which giant heteromorphic sex chromosomes were first discovered in 1923. It has long been known that the Y chromosome consists mainly of a male-specific region that does not recombine with the X chromosome and carries the sex-determining genes and genes with other male functions.

Impact of minimum bid requirement of Japan's electricity market on virtual power plant's profit.

In the context of small-scale virtual power plants (VPPs), the minimum power requirement (MPR) poses a significant challenge for market participation due to the inherent volatility and uncertainty associated with renewable energy sources. To mitigate this, a VPP system can potentially enhance its profitability by utilizing an Internal MPR, which is a value derived from market prices and historical data, including actual and forecasted renewable power generation, and is typically lower than the market MPR. This study investigates several market strategies, designated as Plans II, III, and V, under hypothetical conditions, and evaluates their impact on the profitability of VPPs relative to existing strategies (Plans I and IV) within the Japan Electric Power eXchange (JEPX) market.

Routing and scheduling optimization for urban air mobility fleet management using quantum annealing.

The growing integration of urban air mobility (UAM) for urban transportation and delivery has accelerated due to increasing traffic congestion and its environmental and economic repercussions. Efficiently managing the anticipated high-density air traffic in cities is critical to ensure safe and effective operations. In this study, we propose a routing and scheduling framework to address the needs of a large fleet of UAM vehicles operating in urban areas.

ZFP-CanPred: Predicting the effect of mutations in zinc-finger proteins in cancers using protein language models.

Zinc-finger proteins (ZNFs) constitute the largest family of transcription factors and play crucial roles in various cellular processes. Missense mutations in ZNFs significantly alter protein-DNA interactions, potentially leading to the development of various types of cancers. This study presents ZFP-CanPred, a novel deep learning-based model for predicting cancer-associated driver mutations in ZNFs.

PRA Melting-ICE Project: Svalbard 2022 Expeditions Report.

Arctic regions are among the fastest warming areas of the planet. Increasing average temperatures over the last five decades have deepened the thawing of the upper-most layer of permafrost across the Arctic, which contains significant amounts of organic carbon. The progressive deepening of seasonal thawing releases carbon that is used by active microorganisms which also produce greenhouse gases, potentially onsetting a positive feedback on global warming.